CVE-2026-90241 (GCVE-0-2026-90241)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-17 16:07 – Updated: 2026-09-18 17:54
VLAI
Title
iommu/vt-d: Tear down scalable-mode context on probe failure
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iommu/vt-d: Tear down scalable-mode context on probe failure intel_pasid_setup_sm_context() walks a PCI device’s DMA aliases via pci_for_each_dma_alias() and programs a scalable-mode context entry for each RID. For a device with a dma_alias_mask, the callback is invoked once for the device’s own RID and once for each alias bit, all with the same pci_dev, so device_pasid_table_setup() runs for multiple RIDs. pci_for_each_dma_alias() stops at the first callback error. Therefore, a failure partway through the walk can leave context entries for already processed RIDs present and still pointing to the device’s PASID table. On this error path, intel_iommu_probe_device() currently jumps directly to intel_pasid_free_table(), which frees the PASID table without first tearing down those context entries. The IOMMU may then walk a present context entry whose PASID table pointer references freed memory. intel_iommu_release_device() already performs teardown before freeing the table. Apply the same ordering on the probe failure path. device_pasid_table_teardown() safely handles RIDs that were never programmed: iommu_context_addr() returns NULL when no context table has been allocated, and clearing the Present bit of an already non-present entry is a no-op. So unwind is safe for both the alias that failed and any aliases not yet reached.
Severity
8.2 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 301f1a80487fd2f51012533792583d4425e8b8c0 , < 25ac85a9747cd63e1d166ace7b360a2cd9479d9d (git)
Affected: 301f1a80487fd2f51012533792583d4425e8b8c0 , < d0e978ced7429b516358bb4d41d337214768ae98 (git)
Affected: 301f1a80487fd2f51012533792583d4425e8b8c0 , < db5daf25f754cdc20c18525adb88240ece6fdee9 (git)
Affected: 301f1a80487fd2f51012533792583d4425e8b8c0 , < c509fb73a1093a15accd7d43a61645d4b520f6ac (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 6.9
Unaffected: 0 , < 6.9 (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.110 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.52 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.2.6 , ≤ 7.2.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.3-rc1 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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{
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          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/iommu/intel/iommu.c"
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              "versionType": "semver"
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\niommu/vt-d: Tear down scalable-mode context on probe failure\n\nintel_pasid_setup_sm_context() walks a PCI device\u2019s DMA aliases via\npci_for_each_dma_alias() and programs a scalable-mode context entry for\neach RID. For a device with a dma_alias_mask, the callback is invoked\nonce for the device\u2019s own RID and once for each alias bit, all with the\nsame pci_dev, so device_pasid_table_setup() runs for multiple RIDs.\n\npci_for_each_dma_alias() stops at the first callback error. Therefore, a\nfailure partway through the walk can leave context entries for already\nprocessed RIDs present and still pointing to the device\u2019s PASID table.\n\nOn this error path, intel_iommu_probe_device() currently jumps directly\nto intel_pasid_free_table(), which frees the PASID table without\nfirst tearing down those context entries. The IOMMU may then walk a\npresent context entry whose PASID table pointer references freed\nmemory.\n\nintel_iommu_release_device() already performs teardown before freeing the\ntable. Apply the same ordering on the probe failure path.\n\ndevice_pasid_table_teardown() safely handles RIDs that were never\nprogrammed: iommu_context_addr() returns NULL when no context table has\nbeen allocated, and clearing the Present bit of an already non-present\nentry is a no-op. So unwind is safe for both the alias that failed and\nany aliases not yet reached."
        }
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      "metrics": [
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            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
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              "value": "AV:L - intel_iommu_probe_device() is called from iommu_probe_device() on BUS_NOTIFY_ADD_DEVICE in iommu_bus_notifier; the Present context entries are programmed by intel_pasid_setup_sm_context() via pci_for_each_dma_alias() during that host probe, not by a remote protocol payload.\nAC:L - device_pasid_table_setup() can succeed for an earlier dma_alias_mask RID then fail when iommu_context_addr(..., true) GFP_ATOMIC-allocates the other scalable-mode context table; pci_for_each_dma_alias() stops, and the free_table path leaves those Present entries indefinitely, so a local attacker who induces that -ENOMEM does not need an uncontrolled race.\nPR:H - The free_table error path is reached only by adding or re-probing a PCI device into intel_iommu_probe_device(), which requires init-namespace CAP_SYS_ADMIN (pci-sysfs rescan is mode 0200 via dev_rescan_store, likewise remove/SR-IOV); user namespaces cannot trigger this IOMMU probe.\nUI:N - The attacker themselves issues the PCI add/rescan (or equivalent hotplug they control) that runs intel_iommu_probe_device(); no separate victim action such as mounting a filesystem is required.\nS:C - context_entry_set_pasid_table() leaves Present scalable-mode context entries pointing at the device PASID directory; intel_pasid_free_table() then frees that directory without teardown, so VT-d can translate DMA against reused host pages and bypass the IOMMU device/host isolation boundary.\nC:H - A Present context entry whose PASID table was freed by intel_pasid_free_table() is a translation-table use-after-free; reclaiming those pages lets a device DMA-read host physical memory outside its assigned domain.\nI:H - The same stale PASID-table pointer lets the device DMA-write host memory outside its domain, turning the probe-path UAF into an arbitrary write and potential control-flow hijack across the IOMMU boundary.\nA:H - Hardware walks of the freed PASID directory cause DMAR faults, kernel oops/panic, or host hangs; the unfixed free_table path is a use-after-free, which is A:H."
            }
          ]
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        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
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        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c509fb73a1093a15accd7d43a61645d4b520f6ac"
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    "cveId": "CVE-2026-90241",
    "datePublished": "2026-09-17T16:07:45.168Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-09-11T19:38:34.795Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-09-18T17:54:05.840Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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        "descriptions": [
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            "lang": "en",
            "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\niommu/vt-d: Tear down scalable-mode context on probe failure\n\nintel_pasid_setup_sm_context() walks a PCI device\u2019s DMA aliases via\npci_for_each_dma_alias() and programs a scalable-mode context entry for\neach RID. For a device with a dma_alias_mask, the callback is invoked\nonce for the device\u2019s own RID and once for each alias bit, all with the\nsame pci_dev, so device_pasid_table_setup() runs for multiple RIDs.\n\npci_for_each_dma_alias() stops at the first callback error. Therefore, a\nfailure partway through the walk can leave context entries for already\nprocessed RIDs present and still pointing to the device\u2019s PASID table.\n\nOn this error path, intel_iommu_probe_device() currently jumps directly\nto intel_pasid_free_table(), which frees the PASID table without\nfirst tearing down those context entries. The IOMMU may then walk a\npresent context entry whose PASID table pointer references freed\nmemory.\n\nintel_iommu_release_device() already performs teardown before freeing the\ntable. Apply the same ordering on the probe failure path.\n\ndevice_pasid_table_teardown() safely handles RIDs that were never\nprogrammed: iommu_context_addr() returns NULL when no context table has\nbeen allocated, and clearing the Present bit of an already non-present\nentry is a no-op. So unwind is safe for both the alias that failed and\nany aliases not yet reached."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2026-90241",
        "lastModified": "2026-09-18T18:17:50.390",
        "metrics": {
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                "attackVector": "LOCAL",
                "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "baseScore": 8.2,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
                "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
                "privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
                "scope": "CHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
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              "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
              "type": "Secondary"
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        "published": "2026-09-17T17:17:20.070",
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}



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  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
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  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.



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