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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: xt_tcpmss: check remaining length before reading optlen\n\nQuoting reporter:\n  In net/netfilter/xt_tcpmss.c (lines 53-68), the TCP option parser reads\n op[i+1] directly without validating the remaining option length.\n\n  If the last byte of the option field is not EOL/NOP (0/1), the code attempts\n  to index op[i+1]. In the case where i + 1 == optlen, this causes an\n  out-of-bounds read, accessing memory past the optlen boundary\n  (either reading beyond the stack buffer _opt or the\n  following payload)."
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              "value": "AV:N - The vulnerable match runs in IPv4/IPv6 netfilter packet-processing hooks, so a remote peer can trigger it by sending a crafted TCP packet to or through a system with a tcpmss iptables/nftables-compatible rule installed.\nAC:L - The trigger is a deterministic TCP option layout where the final option byte is neither EOL nor NOP, causing op[i+1] to be read past the remaining option length. The attacker controls the packet contents and no race or external timing condition is required.\nPR:N - The packet sender does not need credentials or local privileges to reach the rule once it is present on a firewall/router/host. Installing rules requires CAP_NET_ADMIN, including via network namespaces, but that is not required for the remote-trigger scenario.\nUI:N - No victim user action is required; packet processing occurs automatically in the kernel receive/forward/output netfilter path.\nS:U - The impact remains within the kernel/network stack security authority on the affected system. There is no VM escape, IOMMU/DMA boundary crossing, or other scope-changing boundary involved.\nC:L - The bug is a bounded one-byte out-of-bounds read beyond the TCP options buffer, potentially into adjacent stack or skb data. Because it is only a single byte and is not a broad arbitrary read primitive, confidentiality impact is Low rather than High.\nI:N - The vulnerable operation only reads op[i+1] and uses it to advance the parser; it does not write to kernel memory or packet data. I found no control-flow or data-integrity primitive from this one-byte read.\nA:H - Malformed packets can repeatedly trigger the out-of-bounds read in softirq/netfilter packet processing. On instrumented or hardened kernels this can produce a KASAN/oops/panic, so availability impact is High under highest-defensible scoring."
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    "cveId": "CVE-2026-43190",
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    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:26:26.497Z",
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        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nKVM: x86: Add SRCU protection for reading PDPTRs in __get_sregs2()\n\nAdd SRCU read-side protection when reading PDPTR registers in\n__get_sregs2().\n\nReading PDPTRs may trigger access to guest memory:\nkvm_pdptr_read() -\u003e svm_cache_reg() -\u003e load_pdptrs() -\u003e\nkvm_vcpu_read_guest_page() -\u003e kvm_vcpu_gfn_to_memslot()\n\nkvm_vcpu_gfn_to_memslot() dereferences memslots via __kvm_memslots(),\nwhich uses srcu_dereference_check() and requires either kvm-\u003esrcu or\nkvm-\u003eslots_lock to be held. Currently only vcpu-\u003emutex is held,\ntriggering lockdep warning:\n\n=============================\nWARNING: suspicious RCU usage in kvm_vcpu_gfn_to_memslot\n6.12.59+ #3 Not tainted\n\ninclude/linux/kvm_host.h:1062 suspicious rcu_dereference_check() usage!\n\nother info that might help us debug this:\n\nrcu_scheduler_active = 2, debug_locks = 1\n1 lock held by syz.5.1717/15100:\n #0: ff1100002f4b00b0 (\u0026vcpu-\u003emutex){+.+.}-{3:3}, at: kvm_vcpu_ioctl+0x1d5/0x1590\n\nCall Trace:\n \u003cTASK\u003e\n __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline]\n dump_stack_lvl+0xf0/0x120 lib/dump_stack.c:120\n lockdep_rcu_suspicious+0x1e3/0x270 kernel/locking/lockdep.c:6824\n __kvm_memslots include/linux/kvm_host.h:1062 [inline]\n __kvm_memslots include/linux/kvm_host.h:1059 [inline]\n kvm_vcpu_memslots include/linux/kvm_host.h:1076 [inline]\n kvm_vcpu_gfn_to_memslot+0x518/0x5e0 virt/kvm/kvm_main.c:2617\n kvm_vcpu_read_guest_page+0x27/0x50 virt/kvm/kvm_main.c:3302\n load_pdptrs+0xff/0x4b0 arch/x86/kvm/x86.c:1065\n svm_cache_reg+0x1c9/0x230 arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c:1688\n kvm_pdptr_read arch/x86/kvm/kvm_cache_regs.h:141 [inline]\n __get_sregs2 arch/x86/kvm/x86.c:11784 [inline]\n kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl+0x3e20/0x4aa0 arch/x86/kvm/x86.c:6279\n kvm_vcpu_ioctl+0x856/0x1590 virt/kvm/kvm_main.c:4663\n vfs_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:51 [inline]\n __do_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:907 [inline]\n __se_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:893 [inline]\n __x64_sys_ioctl+0x18b/0x210 fs/ioctl.c:893\n do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:52 [inline]\n do_syscall_64+0xbd/0x1d0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:83\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f\n\nFound by Linux Verification Center (linuxtesting.org) with Syzkaller."
        }
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            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
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              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerable path is reached through local KVM ioctls on `/dev/kvm`, specifically creating a VM/vCPU and issuing `KVM_GET_SREGS2` on the vCPU fd. It is not reachable directly from network, adjacent, or physical input.\nAC:L - The attacker can control both sides of the race by issuing `KVM_GET_SREGS2` concurrently with memslot updates such as `KVM_SET_USER_MEMORY_REGION`. The needed PAE/SVM/NPT state is attacker-configurable in a reasonable KVM deployment.\nPR:L - Exploitation requires local access to KVM device fds, but the kernel path has no CAP_SYS_ADMIN-style check once `/dev/kvm` is accessible. This is low privilege rather than high privilege.\nUI:N - No victim action is required after the attacker has local KVM access. The attacker can create the VM, configure vCPU state, and trigger the racing ioctls directly.\nS:U - This is a host userspace-to-host kernel KVM ioctl vulnerability, not a guest-to-host escape path. The impacted kernel resources are within the same security scope.\nC:H - The missing SRCU protection can allow memslot metadata to be accessed after concurrent replacement or freeing. As a KVM memslot use-after-free condition, the higher defensible confidentiality impact is high.\nI:H - The same UAF-style race can allow attacker-shaped heap reuse of KVM metadata and corruption of KVM/kernel execution state. Following the required higher-severity rule for UAF memory corruption, integrity impact is high.\nA:H - At minimum, racing an unprotected memslot dereference can trigger kernel warnings, invalid pointer dereferences, or crashes. Kernel crash or oops impact is high availability."
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              "value": "AV:A - The vulnerable SMP pairing responder path is reached by Bluetooth LE SMP packets from a nearby Bluetooth peer over the fixed L2CAP SMP channel, so exploitation requires adjacent radio proximity rather than IP network or local system access.\nAC:L - An attacker controls the pairing request authentication bits and IO capability fields needed to trigger the mismatch; no race, heap shaping, or condition outside the attacker\u2019s practical control is required beyond the target requiring high Bluetooth security.\nPR:N - The pairing request is processed pre-authentication and is allowed to create the SMP context, so the adjacent attacker needs no existing pairing, credentials, or local privileges.\nUI:N - The vulnerable policy decision is made during the protocol handshake initiated by the remote Bluetooth peer; in reasonable headless or auto-pairing deployments no specific victim user action is required.\nS:U - The bug bypasses Bluetooth security policy enforced by the same kernel/host Bluetooth security authority and does not cross a VM, IOMMU, or comparable scope boundary.\nC:H - By omitting MITM while the responder requires high security, an adjacent attacker can downgrade protected pairing and expose traffic or keys for services that expected authenticated Bluetooth security, giving access to sensitive protected data.\nI:H - The same downgrade can allow an attacker to inject or alter traffic on Bluetooth services that require authenticated pairing, including high-impact embedded or control deployments.\nA:H - With access to a high-security Bluetooth control channel, an attacker can plausibly disrupt protected device or service operation in embedded, industrial, automotive, or IoT deployments, producing high availability impact."
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