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Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-798

Allowed-with-Review

Use of Hard-coded Credentials

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product contains hard-coded credentials, such as a password or cryptographic key.

2317 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-8M2W-RPR3-G4WF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:43 – Updated: 2022-05-28 00:00
VLAI
Details

BB-ESWGP506-2SFP-T versions 1.01.09 and prior is vulnerable due to the use of hard-coded credentials, which may allow an attacker to gain unauthorized access and permit the execution of arbitrary code on the BB-ESWGP506-2SFP-T (versions 1.01.01 and prior).

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-22667"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-02-24T17:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "BB-ESWGP506-2SFP-T versions 1.01.09 and prior is vulnerable due to the use of hard-coded credentials, which may allow an attacker to gain unauthorized access and permit the execution of arbitrary code on the BB-ESWGP506-2SFP-T (versions 1.01.01 and prior).",
  "id": "GHSA-8m2w-rpr3-g4wf",
  "modified": "2022-05-28T00:00:22Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:43:02Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-22667"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-21-054-02"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-21-593"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8M3R-G5W3-M8M2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:36 – Updated: 2024-04-04 03:03
VLAI
Details

AdRem NetCrunch 10.6.0.4587 has a hardcoded SSL private key vulnerability in the NetCrunch web client. The same hardcoded SSL private key is used across different customers' installations when no other SSL certificate is installed, which allows remote attackers to defeat cryptographic protection mechanisms by leveraging knowledge of this key from another installation.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-14482"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-12-16T16:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "AdRem NetCrunch 10.6.0.4587 has a hardcoded SSL private key vulnerability in the NetCrunch web client. The same hardcoded SSL private key is used across different customers\u0027 installations when no other SSL certificate is installed, which allows remote attackers to defeat cryptographic protection mechanisms by leveraging knowledge of this key from another installation.",
  "id": "GHSA-8m3r-g5w3-m8m2",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T03:03:44Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:36:38Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-14482"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://compass-security.com/fileadmin/Research/Advisories/2020-16_CSNC-2019-017_AdRem_NetCrunch_Hardcoded_SSL_Private_Key.txt"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.adremsoft.com/support"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8M8G-4G6J-89FC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-14 00:31 – Updated: 2024-11-25 21:30
VLAI
Details

Cybele Software Thinfinity Workspace before v7.0.2.113 was discovered to contain a hardcoded cryptographic key used for encryption.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-40410"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-11-13T23:15:04Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Cybele Software Thinfinity Workspace before v7.0.2.113 was discovered to contain a hardcoded cryptographic key used for encryption.",
  "id": "GHSA-8m8g-4g6j-89fc",
  "modified": "2024-11-25T21:30:48Z",
  "published": "2024-11-14T00:31:11Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-40410"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://blog.cybelesoft.com/thinfinity-workspace-security-bulletin-nov-2024"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8MCW-GHRQ-QXQC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-07 21:31 – Updated: 2024-08-20 18:31
VLAI
Details

Precor touchscreen console P62, P80, and P82 could allow a remote attacker (within the local network) to bypass security restrictions, and access the service menu, because there is a hard-coded service code.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-49221"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-06-07T20:15:10Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Precor touchscreen console P62, P80, and P82 could allow a remote attacker (within the local network) to bypass security restrictions, and access the service menu, because there is a hard-coded service code.",
  "id": "GHSA-8mcw-ghrq-qxqc",
  "modified": "2024-08-20T18:31:15Z",
  "published": "2024-06-07T21:31:54Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-49221"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://securityintelligence.com/x-force/internet-connected-treadmill-vulnerabilities-discovered"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8MHG-76F5-54FP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-03 21:31 – Updated: 2026-08-07 15:33
VLAI
Details

Affected Omada devices rely on embedded certificates that are shared across deployments to establish trust between controllers and managed devices.

An attacker who obtains the embedded certificates may be able to impersonate trusted controllers or devices and intercept affected communications.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-15628"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-08-03T19:16:40Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Affected\nOmada devices rely on embedded certificates that are shared across deployments\nto establish trust between controllers and managed devices.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nAn attacker\nwho obtains the embedded certificates may be able to impersonate trusted\ncontrollers or devices and intercept affected communications.",
  "id": "GHSA-8mhg-76f5-54fp",
  "modified": "2026-08-07T15:33:03Z",
  "published": "2026-08-03T21:31:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-15628"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.omadanetworks.com/en/support/download"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.omadanetworks.com/us/support/download"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/faq/5216"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8P54-MP5C-W59G

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-22 00:00 – Updated: 2022-03-02 00:00
VLAI
Details

Brocade Fabric OS before Brocade Fabric OS v8.2.1c, v8.1.2h, and all versions of Brocade Fabric OS v8.0.x and v7.x contain documented hard-coded credentials, which could allow attackers to gain access to the system.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-27797"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-02-21T18:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Brocade Fabric OS before Brocade Fabric OS v8.2.1c, v8.1.2h, and all versions of Brocade Fabric OS v8.0.x and v7.x contain documented hard-coded credentials, which could allow attackers to gain access to the system.",
  "id": "GHSA-8p54-mp5c-w59g",
  "modified": "2022-03-02T00:00:32Z",
  "published": "2022-02-22T00:00:23Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27797"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.broadcom.com/support/fibre-channel-networking/security-advisories/brocade-security-advisory-2021-1722"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-8P8H-VPMC-Q8XQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-25 09:31 – Updated: 2025-04-25 09:31
VLAI
Details

Quantum StorNext Web GUI API before 7.2.4 grants access to internal StorNext configuration and unauthorized modification of some software configuration parameters via undocumented user credentials. This affects StorNext RYO before 7.2.4, StorNext Xcellis Workflow Director before 7.2.4, and ActiveScale Cold Storage.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-46617"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-04-25T07:15:48Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Quantum StorNext Web GUI API before 7.2.4 grants access to internal StorNext configuration and unauthorized modification of some software configuration parameters via undocumented user credentials. This affects StorNext RYO before 7.2.4, StorNext Xcellis Workflow Director before 7.2.4, and ActiveScale Cold Storage.",
  "id": "GHSA-8p8h-vpmc-q8xq",
  "modified": "2025-04-25T09:31:49Z",
  "published": "2025-04-25T09:31:49Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-46617"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.quantum.com/en/service-support/security-bulletins/stornext-gui-multiple-security-vulnerabilities-stornext-gui-multiple-security-vulnerabilities"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8PQQ-224H-X875

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-05 00:03 – Updated: 2026-05-05 00:03
VLAI
Summary
ogham-mcp had credentials embedded in published PyPI sdists -- Neon postgres URLs and Voyage API key
Details

Summary

Between 2026-02 and 2026-04-24 a total of 22 public PyPI sdists of ogham-mcp contained development credentials embedded in source files. All credentials have since been rotated on the respective providers. No known exploitation. Upgrade to v0.11.1 to get a clean release.

What was leaked

Credential Location in sdist Vulnerable range Count
3x Neon postgres URLs with passwords (US / EU / AP development databases) top-level Makefile (NEON_US, NEON_EU, NEON_AP vars) >=0.6.5, <0.11.0 21 sdists
1x Voyage AI API key (pa-...) tests/test_hooks.py::test_mask_secrets_key_value -- test fixture that fed a real key into the redaction-function tester >=0.6.3, <0.11.1 22 sdists

Impact

  • Primary risk: any consumer of the affected sdists could have extracted the credentials and used them. The Neon URLs pointed at development databases; the Voyage key was a rate-limited API key.
  • Observed exploitation: none detected. Audit logs on both providers were reviewed post-rotation.
  • Remediation on our side:
  • Neon passwords for all three regions rotated.
  • Voyage API key rotated.
  • All affected versions yanked from PyPI (v0.3.0 through v0.10.4 yanked on 2026-04-24; v0.11.0 pending yank after this advisory).
  • v0.11.0 removed the Neon URLs and introduced make publish-check which scans every sdist for credential patterns before upload.
  • v0.11.1 scrubs the Voyage key from the test fixture and excludes benchmarks/, docs/, research/, extras/, and **/*.env* from all future sdists via explicit hatchling sdist include/exclude in pyproject.toml.

Action for users

  • If users installed any version from v0.3.0 through v0.11.0, upgrade to v0.11.1 immediately: pip install --upgrade "ogham-mcp>=0.11.1"
  • Users do not need to rotate anything on their end. The leaked credentials were owned by the project maintainer, not by users.

Credit

Discovered during an internal pre-release audit on 2026-04-24 while preparing v0.11.1.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "ogham-mcp"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0.6.3"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.11.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-05T00:03:48Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\n\nBetween 2026-02 and 2026-04-24 a total of 22 public PyPI sdists of `ogham-mcp` contained development credentials embedded in source files. All credentials have since been rotated on the respective providers. No known exploitation. Upgrade to **v0.11.1** to get a clean release.\n\n## What was leaked\n\n| Credential | Location in sdist | Vulnerable range | Count |\n|---|---|---|---|\n| 3x Neon postgres URLs with passwords (US / EU / AP development databases) | top-level `Makefile` (`NEON_US`, `NEON_EU`, `NEON_AP` vars) | `\u003e=0.6.5, \u003c0.11.0` | 21 sdists |\n| 1x Voyage AI API key (`pa-...`) | `tests/test_hooks.py::test_mask_secrets_key_value` -- test fixture that fed a real key into the redaction-function tester | `\u003e=0.6.3, \u003c0.11.1` | 22 sdists |\n\n## Impact\n\n- **Primary risk**: any consumer of the affected sdists could have extracted the credentials and used them. The Neon URLs pointed at development databases; the Voyage key was a rate-limited API key.\n- **Observed exploitation**: none detected. Audit logs on both providers were reviewed post-rotation.\n- **Remediation on our side**:\n  - Neon passwords for all three regions rotated.\n  - Voyage API key rotated.\n  - All affected versions yanked from PyPI (v0.3.0 through v0.10.4 yanked on 2026-04-24; v0.11.0 pending yank after this advisory).\n  - v0.11.0 removed the Neon URLs and introduced `make publish-check` which scans every sdist for credential patterns before upload.\n  - v0.11.1 scrubs the Voyage key from the test fixture and excludes `benchmarks/`, `docs/`, `research/`, `extras/`, and `**/*.env*` from all future sdists via explicit hatchling sdist include/exclude in `pyproject.toml`.\n\n## Action for users\n\n- If users installed any version from `v0.3.0` through `v0.11.0`, upgrade to **v0.11.1** immediately:\n  ```\n  pip install --upgrade \"ogham-mcp\u003e=0.11.1\"\n  ```\n- Users do not need to rotate anything on their end. The leaked credentials were owned by the project maintainer, not by users.\n\n## Credit\n\nDiscovered during an internal pre-release audit on 2026-04-24 while preparing v0.11.1.",
  "id": "GHSA-8pqq-224h-x875",
  "modified": "2026-05-05T00:03:49Z",
  "published": "2026-05-05T00:03:48Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ogham-mcp/ogham-mcp/security/advisories/GHSA-8pqq-224h-x875"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/ogham-mcp/ogham-mcp"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [],
  "summary": "ogham-mcp had credentials embedded in published PyPI sdists -- Neon postgres URLs and Voyage API key"
}

GHSA-8Q2J-7M4J-W338

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:36 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:36
VLAI
Details

A hard-coded password issue was discovered in Becton, Dickinson and Company (BD) PerformA, Version 2.0.14.0 and prior versions, and KLA Journal Service, Version 1.0.51 and prior versions. They use hard-coded passwords to access the BD Kiestra Database, which could be leveraged to compromise the confidentiality of limited PHI/PII information stored in the BD Kiestra Database.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-6022"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-259",
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-06-30T03:29:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "A hard-coded password issue was discovered in Becton, Dickinson and Company (BD) PerformA, Version 2.0.14.0 and prior versions, and KLA Journal Service, Version 1.0.51 and prior versions. They use hard-coded passwords to access the BD Kiestra Database, which could be leveraged to compromise the confidentiality of limited PHI/PII information stored in the BD Kiestra Database.",
  "id": "GHSA-8q2j-7m4j-w338",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:36:36Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:36:36Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-6022"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSMA-17-082-01"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/97057"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8Q5V-C5JP-QP9P

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:16 – Updated: 2022-10-24 19:00
VLAI
Details

Multiple vulnerabilities in Cisco Business 220 Series Smart Switches firmware could allow an attacker with Administrator privileges to access sensitive login credentials or reconfigure the passwords on the user account. For more information about these vulnerabilities, see the Details section of this advisory.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-34757"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-200",
      "CWE-798"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-10-06T20:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Multiple vulnerabilities in Cisco Business 220 Series Smart Switches firmware could allow an attacker with Administrator privileges to access sensitive login credentials or reconfigure the passwords on the user account. For more information about these vulnerabilities, see the Details section of this advisory.",
  "id": "GHSA-8q5v-c5jp-qp9p",
  "modified": "2022-10-24T19:00:23Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:16:40Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-34757"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-sb-hardcoded-cred-MJCEXvX"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For outbound authentication: store passwords, keys, and other credentials outside of the code in a strongly-protected, encrypted configuration file or database that is protected from access by all outsiders, including other local users on the same system. Properly protect the key (CWE-320). If you cannot use encryption to protect the file, then make sure that the permissions are as restrictive as possible [REF-7].
  • In Windows environments, the Encrypted File System (EFS) may provide some protection.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

For inbound authentication: Rather than hard-code a default username and password, key, or other authentication credentials for first time logins, utilize a "first login" mode that requires the user to enter a unique strong password or key.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

If the product must contain hard-coded credentials or they cannot be removed, perform access control checks and limit which entities can access the feature that requires the hard-coded credentials. For example, a feature might only be enabled through the system console instead of through a network connection.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For inbound authentication using passwords: apply strong one-way hashes to passwords and store those hashes in a configuration file or database with appropriate access control. That way, theft of the file/database still requires the attacker to try to crack the password. When handling an incoming password during authentication, take the hash of the password and compare it to the saved hash.
  • Use randomly assigned salts for each separate hash that is generated. This increases the amount of computation that an attacker needs to conduct a brute-force attack, possibly limiting the effectiveness of the rainbow table method.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For front-end to back-end connections: Three solutions are possible, although none are complete.
  • The first suggestion involves the use of generated passwords or keys that are changed automatically and must be entered at given time intervals by a system administrator. These passwords will be held in memory and only be valid for the time intervals.
  • Next, the passwords or keys should be limited at the back end to only performing actions valid for the front end, as opposed to having full access.
  • Finally, the messages sent should be tagged and checksummed with time sensitive values so as to prevent replay-style attacks.
CAPEC-191: Read Sensitive Constants Within an Executable

An adversary engages in activities to discover any sensitive constants present within the compiled code of an executable. These constants may include literal ASCII strings within the file itself, or possibly strings hard-coded into particular routines that can be revealed by code refactoring methods including static and dynamic analysis.

CAPEC-70: Try Common or Default Usernames and Passwords

An adversary may try certain common or default usernames and passwords to gain access into the system and perform unauthorized actions. An adversary may try an intelligent brute force using empty passwords, known vendor default credentials, as well as a dictionary of common usernames and passwords. Many vendor products come preconfigured with default (and thus well-known) usernames and passwords that should be deleted prior to usage in a production environment. It is a common mistake to forget to remove these default login credentials. Another problem is that users would pick very simple (common) passwords (e.g. "secret" or "password") that make it easier for the attacker to gain access to the system compared to using a brute force attack or even a dictionary attack using a full dictionary.