CWE-798
Allowed-with-ReviewUse of Hard-coded Credentials
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product contains hard-coded credentials, such as a password or cryptographic key.
2185 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-C6R7-VWX9-8XMH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-03 21:31 – Updated: 2026-03-03 21:31IBM WebSphere Application Server - Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 26.0.0.2 IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty could provide weaker than expected security when using the Security Utility when administering security settings.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-14923"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-321",
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-03T20:16:42Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "IBM WebSphere Application Server - Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 26.0.0.2 IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty could provide weaker than expected security when using the Security Utility when administering security settings.",
"id": "GHSA-c6r7-vwx9-8xmh",
"modified": "2026-03-03T21:31:15Z",
"published": "2026-03-03T21:31:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-14923"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7261761"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C844-5XJ7-6J82
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-24 18:30 – Updated: 2024-10-24 21:31Neye3C v4.5.2.0 was discovered to contain a hardcoded encryption key in the firmware update mechanism.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-48539"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-10-24T17:15:16Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Neye3C v4.5.2.0 was discovered to contain a hardcoded encryption key in the firmware update mechanism.",
"id": "GHSA-c844-5xj7-6j82",
"modified": "2024-10-24T21:31:03Z",
"published": "2024-10-24T18:30:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-48539"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/HankJames/Vul-Reports/blob/main/FirmwareLeakage/com.gooclient.anycam.neye3ctwo/com.gooclient.anycam.neye3ctwo_key.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://neye3c.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.netdvr.cn/page6"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C89R-H5H8-5J45
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-05-23 03:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 04:18Use of hard-coded credentials exists in SolarView Compact SV-CPT-MC310 versions prior to Ver.8.10, and SV-CPT-MC310F versions prior to Ver.8.10, which may allow a remote authenticated attacker to login the affected product with an administrative privilege and perform an unintended operation.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-27512"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-05-23T02:15:09Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Use of hard-coded credentials exists in SolarView Compact SV-CPT-MC310 versions prior to Ver.8.10, and SV-CPT-MC310F versions prior to Ver.8.10, which may allow a remote authenticated attacker to login the affected product with an administrative privilege and perform an unintended operation.",
"id": "GHSA-c89r-h5h8-5j45",
"modified": "2024-04-04T04:18:14Z",
"published": "2023-05-23T03:30:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-27512"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jvn.jp/en/vu/JVNVU92106300"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.contec.com/jp/api/downloadlogger?download=/-/media/Contec/jp/support/security-info/contec_security_solarview_230508.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.contec.com/jp/download/donwload-list/?itemid=b28c8b7c-9f40-40b2-843c-b5b04c035b0e#firmware"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C8M8-3JCR-6RJ5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-07 02:31 – Updated: 2026-05-11 16:22FUXA used a static fallback JWT signing secret (frangoteam751) when no secretCode was configured.
If authentication was enabled without explicitly setting a custom secret, an attacker who knew the default value could forge valid JWT tokens and bypass authentication.
This issue has been addressed in version 1.3.0 by removing the static fallback and generating a secure random secret when no secretCode is provided.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 1.2.11"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "@frangoteam/fuxa"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.3.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-69971"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-321",
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-07T02:31:18Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "FUXA used a static fallback JWT signing secret (`frangoteam751`) when no `secretCode` was configured.\n\nIf authentication was enabled without explicitly setting a custom secret, an attacker who knew the default value could forge valid JWT tokens and bypass authentication.\n\nThis issue has been addressed in version 1.3.0 by removing the static fallback and generating a secure random secret when no `secretCode` is provided.",
"id": "GHSA-c8m8-3jcr-6rj5",
"modified": "2026-05-11T16:22:16Z",
"published": "2026-03-07T02:31:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/frangoteam/FUXA/security/advisories/GHSA-c8m8-3jcr-6rj5"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-69971"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/frangoteam/FUXA"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/frangoteam/FUXA/blob/master/server/api/jwt-helper.js"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "FUXA has a hardcoded fallback JWT signing secret"
}
GHSA-C8VX-MJGM-224V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:02 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:02Moxa EDR-G903 series routers with firmware before 2.11 have a hardcoded account, which allows remote attackers to obtain unspecified device access via unknown vectors.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2012-4712"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2013-02-15T12:09:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Moxa EDR-G903 series routers with firmware before 2.11 have a hardcoded account, which allows remote attackers to obtain unspecified device access via unknown vectors.",
"id": "GHSA-c8vx-mjgm-224v",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:02:36Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:02:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2012-4712"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/pdf/ICSA-13-042-01.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.moxa.com/support/download.aspx?type=support\u0026id=492"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-C973-V3CG-WCW4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-01 00:34 – Updated: 2026-07-01 00:34Flowise before 3.1.0 (affected versions 3.0.13 and earlier) uses a weak hardcoded default secret ('flowise') for the express-session middleware when the EXPRESS_SESSION_SECRET environment variable is not set (packages/server/src/enterprise/middleware/passport/index.ts). Because this default secret is publicly visible in the source code, an attacker can forge valid signed session cookies to impersonate any user and bypass authentication.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-56278"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-30T23:17:29Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Flowise before 3.1.0 (affected versions 3.0.13 and earlier) uses a weak hardcoded default secret (\u0027flowise\u0027) for the express-session middleware when the EXPRESS_SESSION_SECRET environment variable is not set (packages/server/src/enterprise/middleware/passport/index.ts). Because this default secret is publicly visible in the source code, an attacker can forge valid signed session cookies to impersonate any user and bypass authentication.",
"id": "GHSA-c973-v3cg-wcw4",
"modified": "2026-07-01T00:34:13Z",
"published": "2026-07-01T00:34:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/FlowiseAI/Flowise/security/advisories/GHSA-2qqc-p94c-hxwh"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-56278"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/flowise-session-hijacking-via-weak-default-express-session-secret"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-C9G8-FGQ6-H2WG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:54 – Updated: 2023-03-31 18:30A vulnerability in Cisco Integrated Management Controller (IMC) Supervisor, Cisco UCS Director, and Cisco UCS Director Express for Big Data could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to log in to the CLI of an affected system by using the SCP User account (scpuser), which has default user credentials. The vulnerability is due to the presence of a documented default account with an undocumented default password and incorrect permission settings for that account. Changing the default password for this account is not enforced during the installation of the product. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by using the account to log in to an affected system. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary commands with the privileges of the scpuser account. This includes full read and write access to the system's database.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-1935"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-08-21T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in Cisco Integrated Management Controller (IMC) Supervisor, Cisco UCS Director, and Cisco UCS Director Express for Big Data could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to log in to the CLI of an affected system by using the SCP User account (scpuser), which has default user credentials. The vulnerability is due to the presence of a documented default account with an undocumented default password and incorrect permission settings for that account. Changing the default password for this account is not enforced during the installation of the product. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by using the account to log in to an affected system. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary commands with the privileges of the scpuser account. This includes full read and write access to the system\u0027s database.",
"id": "GHSA-c9g8-fgq6-h2wg",
"modified": "2023-03-31T18:30:22Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:54:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-1935"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://seclists.org/bugtraq/2019/Aug/49"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20190821-imcs-usercred"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/154239/Cisco-UCS-IMC-Supervisor-Authentication-Bypass-Command-Injection.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/154305/Cisco-UCS-Director-Default-scpuser-Password.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2019/Aug/36"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CC26-R5W9-6VGV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-01 00:00 – Updated: 2021-12-04 00:01An issue was discovered on Victure WR1200 devices through 1.0.3. The default Wi-Fi WPA2 key is advertised to anyone within Wi-Fi range through the router's MAC address. The device default Wi-Fi password corresponds to the last 4 bytes of the MAC address of its 2.4 GHz network interface controller (NIC). An attacker within scanning range of the Wi-Fi network can thus scan for Wi-Fi networks to obtain the default key.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-43282"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-11-30T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered on Victure WR1200 devices through 1.0.3. The default Wi-Fi WPA2 key is advertised to anyone within Wi-Fi range through the router\u0027s MAC address. The device default Wi-Fi password corresponds to the last 4 bytes of the MAC address of its 2.4 GHz network interface controller (NIC). An attacker within scanning range of the Wi-Fi network can thus scan for Wi-Fi networks to obtain the default key.",
"id": "GHSA-cc26-r5w9-6vgv",
"modified": "2021-12-04T00:01:29Z",
"published": "2021-12-01T00:00:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-43282"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://research.nccgroup.com/2021/11/12/technical-advisory-multiple-vulnerabilities-in-victure-wr1200-wifi-router-cve-2021-43282-cve-2021-43283-cve-2021-43284"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.nccgroup.trust/us/our-research/?research=Technical+advisories"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-CC7F-XJ8F-C4MM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-14 15:32 – Updated: 2025-03-29 00:31TOTOLINK EX200 V4.0.3c.7646_B20201211 was discovered to contain a hardcoded password for root at /etc/shadow.sample.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-31810"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-259",
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-14T15:25:45Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "TOTOLINK EX200 V4.0.3c.7646_B20201211 was discovered to contain a hardcoded password for root at /etc/shadow.sample.",
"id": "GHSA-cc7f-xj8f-c4mm",
"modified": "2025-03-29T00:31:31Z",
"published": "2024-05-14T15:32:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-31810"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/4hsien/CVE-vulns/blob/main/TOTOLINK/EX200/HardCode/HardCode.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CCM4-VCHX-9CMQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-12 12:31 – Updated: 2026-06-12 12:31The iRM-IEI Remote Management developed by IEI Integration Corp has a Hardcoded Credentials vulnerability, allowing unauthenticated remote attackers to exploit hard-coded credentials to gain administrative privileges on the database.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-11849"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-12T11:16:22Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The\u00a0\niRM-IEI Remote Management developed by IEI Integration Corp has a Hardcoded Credentials vulnerability, allowing unauthenticated remote attackers to exploit hard-coded credentials to gain administrative privileges on the database.",
"id": "GHSA-ccm4-vchx-9cmq",
"modified": "2026-06-12T12:31:34Z",
"published": "2026-06-12T12:31:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-11849"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.twcert.org.tw/en/cp-139-10972-32032-2.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-10971-ac61f-1.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
Mitigation
- For outbound authentication: store passwords, keys, and other credentials outside of the code in a strongly-protected, encrypted configuration file or database that is protected from access by all outsiders, including other local users on the same system. Properly protect the key (CWE-320). If you cannot use encryption to protect the file, then make sure that the permissions are as restrictive as possible [REF-7].
- In Windows environments, the Encrypted File System (EFS) may provide some protection.
Mitigation
For inbound authentication: Rather than hard-code a default username and password, key, or other authentication credentials for first time logins, utilize a "first login" mode that requires the user to enter a unique strong password or key.
Mitigation
If the product must contain hard-coded credentials or they cannot be removed, perform access control checks and limit which entities can access the feature that requires the hard-coded credentials. For example, a feature might only be enabled through the system console instead of through a network connection.
Mitigation
- For inbound authentication using passwords: apply strong one-way hashes to passwords and store those hashes in a configuration file or database with appropriate access control. That way, theft of the file/database still requires the attacker to try to crack the password. When handling an incoming password during authentication, take the hash of the password and compare it to the saved hash.
- Use randomly assigned salts for each separate hash that is generated. This increases the amount of computation that an attacker needs to conduct a brute-force attack, possibly limiting the effectiveness of the rainbow table method.
Mitigation
- For front-end to back-end connections: Three solutions are possible, although none are complete.
- The first suggestion involves the use of generated passwords or keys that are changed automatically and must be entered at given time intervals by a system administrator. These passwords will be held in memory and only be valid for the time intervals.
- Next, the passwords or keys should be limited at the back end to only performing actions valid for the front end, as opposed to having full access.
- Finally, the messages sent should be tagged and checksummed with time sensitive values so as to prevent replay-style attacks.
CAPEC-191: Read Sensitive Constants Within an Executable
An adversary engages in activities to discover any sensitive constants present within the compiled code of an executable. These constants may include literal ASCII strings within the file itself, or possibly strings hard-coded into particular routines that can be revealed by code refactoring methods including static and dynamic analysis.
CAPEC-70: Try Common or Default Usernames and Passwords
An adversary may try certain common or default usernames and passwords to gain access into the system and perform unauthorized actions. An adversary may try an intelligent brute force using empty passwords, known vendor default credentials, as well as a dictionary of common usernames and passwords. Many vendor products come preconfigured with default (and thus well-known) usernames and passwords that should be deleted prior to usage in a production environment. It is a common mistake to forget to remove these default login credentials. Another problem is that users would pick very simple (common) passwords (e.g. "secret" or "password") that make it easier for the attacker to gain access to the system compared to using a brute force attack or even a dictionary attack using a full dictionary.