CWE-798
Allowed-with-ReviewUse of Hard-coded Credentials
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product contains hard-coded credentials, such as a password or cryptographic key.
2185 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-9J75-PP4F-64P7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:05 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:05ZOLL Defibrillator Dashboard, v prior to 2.2, The affected products utilize an encryption key in the data exchange process, which is hardcoded. This could allow an attacker to gain access to sensitive information.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-27481"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-06-16T12:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "ZOLL Defibrillator Dashboard, v prior to 2.2, The affected products utilize an encryption key in the data exchange process, which is hardcoded. This could allow an attacker to gain access to sensitive information.",
"id": "GHSA-9j75-pp4f-64p7",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:05:31Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:05:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27481"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsma-21-161-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-9J87-WR37-CWG6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:20 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:20The Zyxel Multy X (AC3000 Tri-Band WiFi System) device doesn't use a suitable mechanism to protect the UART. After an attacker dismantles the device and uses a USB-to-UART cable to connect the device, he can use the 1234 password for the root account to login to the system. Furthermore, an attacker can start the device's TELNET service as a backdoor.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-9149"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-04-01T18:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The Zyxel Multy X (AC3000 Tri-Band WiFi System) device doesn\u0027t use a suitable mechanism to protect the UART. After an attacker dismantles the device and uses a USB-to-UART cable to connect the device, he can use the 1234 password for the root account to login to the system. Furthermore, an attacker can start the device\u0027s TELNET service as a backdoor.",
"id": "GHSA-9j87-wr37-cwg6",
"modified": "2022-05-14T01:20:50Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T01:20:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-9149"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.slideshare.net/secret/qrHwDOJ71eLg7f"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9J9J-J88X-9VC6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-14 18:31 – Updated: 2024-05-14 18:31A vulnerability has been identified in SIMATIC CN 4100 (All versions < V3.0). The affected device contains undocumented users and credentials. An attacker could misuse the credentials to compromise the device locally or over the network.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-32740"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-14T16:17:11Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been identified in SIMATIC CN 4100 (All versions \u003c V3.0). The affected device contains undocumented users and credentials. An attacker could misuse the credentials to compromise the device\nlocally or over the network.",
"id": "GHSA-9j9j-j88x-9vc6",
"modified": "2024-05-14T18:31:00Z",
"published": "2024-05-14T18:31:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-32740"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-273900.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9JPP-FHRH-58C5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:37 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:37The Cisco AMP For Endpoints application allows an authenticated, local attacker to access a static key value stored in the local application software. The vulnerability is due to the use of a static key value stored in the application used to encrypt the connector protection password. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by gaining local, administrative access to a Windows host and stopping the Cisco AMP for Endpoints service. Cisco Bug IDs: CSCvg42904.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-12317"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-10-22T18:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Cisco AMP For Endpoints application allows an authenticated, local attacker to access a static key value stored in the local application software. The vulnerability is due to the use of a static key value stored in the application used to encrypt the connector protection password. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by gaining local, administrative access to a Windows host and stopping the Cisco AMP for Endpoints service. Cisco Bug IDs: CSCvg42904.",
"id": "GHSA-9jpp-fhrh-58c5",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:37:53Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:37:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-12317"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20171020-ampfe"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/101520"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9JW6-H58Q-M3JF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:46 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:46Lenovo Chassis Management Module (CMM) prior to version 2.0.0 utilizes a hardcoded encryption key to protect certain secrets. Possession of the key can allow an attacker that has already compromised the server to decrypt these secrets.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-9073"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-11-16T14:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Lenovo Chassis Management Module (CMM) prior to version 2.0.0 utilizes a hardcoded encryption key to protect certain secrets. Possession of the key can allow an attacker that has already compromised the server to decrypt these secrets.",
"id": "GHSA-9jw6-h58q-m3jf",
"modified": "2022-05-14T01:46:28Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T01:46:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-9073"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.lenovo.com/us/en/solutions/LEN-23806"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9JXH-G268-J7WH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-30 09:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 06:25Synel SYnergy Fingerprint Terminals - CWE-798: Use of Hard-coded Credentials
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-32227"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-07-30T09:15:09Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": " Synel SYnergy Fingerprint Terminals - CWE-798: Use of Hard-coded Credentials",
"id": "GHSA-9jxh-g268-j7wh",
"modified": "2024-04-04T06:25:52Z",
"published": "2023-07-30T09:30:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-32227"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.gov.il/en/Departments/faq/cve_advisories"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9M78-G4JR-6549
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-27 09:30 – Updated: 2025-12-27 09:30A security flaw has been discovered in getmaxun maxun up to 0.0.28. Impacted is an unknown function of the file /getmaxun/maxun/blob/develop/server/src/routes/auth.ts. Performing manipulation of the argument api_key results in use of hard-coded cryptographic key . Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The attack is considered to have high complexity. The exploitability is considered difficult. The exploit has been released to the public and may be exploited. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-15105"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-27T09:15:40Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A security flaw has been discovered in getmaxun maxun up to 0.0.28. Impacted is an unknown function of the file /getmaxun/maxun/blob/develop/server/src/routes/auth.ts. Performing manipulation of the argument api_key results in use of hard-coded cryptographic key\n . Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The attack is considered to have high complexity. The exploitability is considered difficult. The exploit has been released to the public and may be exploited. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-9m78-g4jr-6549",
"modified": "2025-12-27T09:30:27Z",
"published": "2025-12-27T09:30:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-15105"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/H2u8s/40be31987e52fc81076b6bfcfbdf3cd6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.338476"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.338476"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.710256"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-9MM5-7PFM-H9RC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:41 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:41An issue was discovered on FiberHome HG6245D devices through RP2613. The web management is done over HTTPS, using a hardcoded private key that has 0777 permissions.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-27142"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-02-10T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered on FiberHome HG6245D devices through RP2613. The web management is done over HTTPS, using a hardcoded private key that has 0777 permissions.",
"id": "GHSA-9mm5-7pfm-h9rc",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:41:48Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:41:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27142"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://pierrekim.github.io/blog/2021-01-12-fiberhome-ont-0day-vulnerabilities.html#httpd-ssl-certificates"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-9MWR-2FGP-XXQ7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-06 21:31 – Updated: 2025-08-06 21:31Tigo Energy's Cloud Connect Advanced (CCA) device contains hard-coded credentials that allow unauthorized users to gain administrative access. This vulnerability enables attackers to escalate privileges and take full control of the device, potentially modifying system settings, disrupting solar energy production, and interfering with safety mechanisms.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-7768"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-06T21:15:32Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Tigo Energy\u0027s Cloud Connect Advanced (CCA) device contains hard-coded credentials that allow unauthorized users to gain administrative access. This vulnerability enables attackers to escalate privileges and take full control of the device, potentially modifying system settings, disrupting solar energy production, and interfering with safety mechanisms.",
"id": "GHSA-9mwr-2fgp-xxq7",
"modified": "2025-08-06T21:31:40Z",
"published": "2025-08-06T21:31:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-7768"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-25-217-02"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-9PG3-R76H-43MH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:07 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:44The AT&T U-verse 9.2.2h0d83 firmware for the Arris NVG589 and NVG599 devices, when IP Passthrough mode is not used, configures ssh-permanent-enable WAN SSH logins to the remotessh account with the 5SaP9I26 password, which allows remote attackers to access a "Terminal shell v1.0" service, and subsequently obtain unrestricted root privileges, by establishing an SSH session and then entering certain shell metacharacters and BusyBox commands.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-14115"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-09-03T19:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The AT\u0026T U-verse 9.2.2h0d83 firmware for the Arris NVG589 and NVG599 devices, when IP Passthrough mode is not used, configures ssh-permanent-enable WAN SSH logins to the remotessh account with the 5SaP9I26 password, which allows remote attackers to access a \"Terminal shell v1.0\" service, and subsequently obtain unrestricted root privileges, by establishing an SSH session and then entering certain shell metacharacters and BusyBox commands.",
"id": "GHSA-9pg3-r76h-43mh",
"modified": "2025-04-20T03:44:16Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:07:03Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-14115"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://threatpost.com/bugs-in-arris-modems-distributed-by-att-vulnerable-to-trivial-attacks/127753"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.nomotion.net/blog/sharknatto"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/100585"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
- For outbound authentication: store passwords, keys, and other credentials outside of the code in a strongly-protected, encrypted configuration file or database that is protected from access by all outsiders, including other local users on the same system. Properly protect the key (CWE-320). If you cannot use encryption to protect the file, then make sure that the permissions are as restrictive as possible [REF-7].
- In Windows environments, the Encrypted File System (EFS) may provide some protection.
Mitigation
For inbound authentication: Rather than hard-code a default username and password, key, or other authentication credentials for first time logins, utilize a "first login" mode that requires the user to enter a unique strong password or key.
Mitigation
If the product must contain hard-coded credentials or they cannot be removed, perform access control checks and limit which entities can access the feature that requires the hard-coded credentials. For example, a feature might only be enabled through the system console instead of through a network connection.
Mitigation
- For inbound authentication using passwords: apply strong one-way hashes to passwords and store those hashes in a configuration file or database with appropriate access control. That way, theft of the file/database still requires the attacker to try to crack the password. When handling an incoming password during authentication, take the hash of the password and compare it to the saved hash.
- Use randomly assigned salts for each separate hash that is generated. This increases the amount of computation that an attacker needs to conduct a brute-force attack, possibly limiting the effectiveness of the rainbow table method.
Mitigation
- For front-end to back-end connections: Three solutions are possible, although none are complete.
- The first suggestion involves the use of generated passwords or keys that are changed automatically and must be entered at given time intervals by a system administrator. These passwords will be held in memory and only be valid for the time intervals.
- Next, the passwords or keys should be limited at the back end to only performing actions valid for the front end, as opposed to having full access.
- Finally, the messages sent should be tagged and checksummed with time sensitive values so as to prevent replay-style attacks.
CAPEC-191: Read Sensitive Constants Within an Executable
An adversary engages in activities to discover any sensitive constants present within the compiled code of an executable. These constants may include literal ASCII strings within the file itself, or possibly strings hard-coded into particular routines that can be revealed by code refactoring methods including static and dynamic analysis.
CAPEC-70: Try Common or Default Usernames and Passwords
An adversary may try certain common or default usernames and passwords to gain access into the system and perform unauthorized actions. An adversary may try an intelligent brute force using empty passwords, known vendor default credentials, as well as a dictionary of common usernames and passwords. Many vendor products come preconfigured with default (and thus well-known) usernames and passwords that should be deleted prior to usage in a production environment. It is a common mistake to forget to remove these default login credentials. Another problem is that users would pick very simple (common) passwords (e.g. "secret" or "password") that make it easier for the attacker to gain access to the system compared to using a brute force attack or even a dictionary attack using a full dictionary.