Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-178

Allowed

Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity

Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete

The product does not properly account for differences in case sensitivity when accessing or determining the properties of a resource, leading to inconsistent results.

209 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-108721 (GCVE-0-2026-108721)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-11 12:19 – Updated: 2026-10-13 17:01
VLAI
Title
Open Computer Use through 1.0.0 Denylist Bypass via Case-Variant Bundle ID
Summary
Open Computer Use through 1.0.0 on macOS contains an improper case sensitivity handling vulnerability that allows local MCP callers to bypass the password-manager denylist using case-variant bundle identifiers. Attackers, including prompt-injected model turns, can pass identifiers like com.1Password.1Password to get_app_state and action tools to read accessibility trees, capture screenshots, and drive unlocked password manager interfaces.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-13 15:49 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 84/100 over 6106 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
iFurySt open-computer-use Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.0.0 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-10-10 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-107832 (GCVE-0-2026-107832)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-13 13:23 – Updated: 2026-10-13 13:23
VLAI
Title
fastify vulnerable to header validation bypass via case-sensitive propertyNames
Summary
fastify is a fast and low overhead web framework for Node.js. In versions 5.12.2 through 5.12.5, the routine that lowercases header names declared in a route schema does not lowercase the enum or const header names nested inside a propertyNames subschema. As a result, a header allow-list or deny-list written with canonical (non-lowercase) casing never matches the incoming lowercased header, so a restricted header passes validation and reaches the route handler. An attacker can therefore bypass a case-sensitive header validation rule and smuggle a forbidden header past the schema, affecting the integrity of request handling. The issue is fixed in fastify 5.12.6, and users should upgrade to 5.12.6 or later. There is no workaround other than upgrading, though applications can declare header names in lowercase to avoid the mismatch.
CWE
  • CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Assigner
openjs CNA under the redhat root
CNA scorecard C 65/100 over 99 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
fastify fastify Affected: 5.12.2 , < 5.12.6 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.12.6 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-107381 (GCVE-0-2026-107381)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-14 14:53 – Updated: 2026-10-14 14:53
VLAI
Title
svg-sanitizer: Mixed-case xlink:HrEf skips the `<use>` nesting-DoS check in Resolver::processReferences
Summary
svg-sanitizer is a PHP SVG/XML sanitizer. Prior to 1.0.0, Resolver::processReferences() in src/ElementReference/Resolver.php builds the SVG <use> reference graph with a case-sensitive href attribute predicate before cleanHrefAttributes() normalizes mixed-case names. An attacker can provide xlink:HrEf on nested <use> elements so the graph omits those references, after which the sanitizer converts the attribute to canonical xlink:href and returns the live nesting structure without applying the useNestingLimit protection. A consuming application that renders the sanitized SVG can therefore be exposed to the resource exhaustion that control is designed to prevent. This issue is fixed in version 1.0.0.
CWE
  • CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
  • CWE-400 - Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7637 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-106503 (GCVE-0-2026-106503)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-06 21:37 – Updated: 2026-10-09 01:55
VLAI
Title
Backstage: Scaffolder action input authorization bypass
Summary
Backstage is an open framework for building developer portals. Prior to 3.3.1, 3.4.1, 4.0.3 and 4.1.0, the @backstage/plugin-scaffolder-backend package is affected by scaffolder action input authorization bypass. An authenticated user with access to affected Scaffolder templates could bypass configured action restrictions. Depending on integration credentials, this could grant unauthorized access to repositories and related source-control resources. This issue is fixed in versions 3.3.1, 3.4.1, 4.0.3 and 4.1.0.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-09 01:55 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
  • CWE-284 - Improper Access Control
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7637 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
backstage backstage Affected: < 1.49.6
Affected: >= 1.50.0-next.0, < 1.50.5
Affected: >= 1.51.0-next.0, < 1.54.6
Create a notification for this product.
@backstage plugin-scaffolder-backend Affected: < 3.3.1
Affected: >= 3.4.0, < 3.4.1
Affected: >= 4.0.0, < 4.0.3
Affected: >= 4.0.4, < 4.1.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-106497 (GCVE-0-2026-106497)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-06 21:18 – Updated: 2026-10-07 16:19
VLAI
Title
Backstage: Inconsistent catalog property permission evaluation
Summary
Backstage is an open framework for building developer portals. Prior to 3.9.1, the @backstage/plugin-catalog-backend package is affected by inconsistent catalog property permission evaluation. In deployments that use affected value-based catalog permission conditions as a confidentiality boundary, an authenticated user could receive catalog entity data that policy authors intended to restrict. This issue is fixed in version 3.9.1.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-07 16:19 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
  • CWE-863 - Incorrect Authorization
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7637 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-105570 (GCVE-0-2026-105570)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-08 18:46 – Updated: 2026-10-08 19:28
VLAI
Title
Docker Sandboxes OAuth response masking could be bypassed with a case-variant token host
Summary
Docker Sandboxes compared OAuth token-endpoint hostnames case-sensitively when deciding whether to mask managed credential responses, while request routing treated DNS hostnames case-insensitively. Untrusted code inside a sandbox could use a case-variant hostname to reach the genuine provider endpoint while bypassing response masking. If a user completed the OAuth flow, the provider's access and refresh tokens could be returned unmasked to the sandbox, exposing host-managed credentials.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-08 19:28 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Assigner
Docker CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 88/100 over 33 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Docker Docker Sandboxes Affected: 0.21.0 , < 0.47.0 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:docker:docker_sandboxes:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-102131 (GCVE-0-2026-102131)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-30 20:13 – Updated: 2026-10-01 13:37
VLAI
Title
Kiteworks Email Protection Gateway Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Summary
Kiteworks Email Protection Gateway rejected certain configuration settings, but its validation did not recognize every form in which they could be supplied. An authenticated administrator could potentially use an unrecognized form to have a file of their choosing written to the gateway and executed, resulting in code execution as the gateway service account.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-01 13:28 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  • CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Assigner
cisa-cg CNA under the CISA root
CNA scorecard B 76/100 over 127 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Kiteworks Email Protection Gateway Affected: 0 , < 9.5.0 (custom)
Unaffected: 9.5.0
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-09-30 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-100693 (GCVE-0-2026-100693)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-26 13:23 – Updated: 2026-09-30 17:05
VLAI
Title
Hugo v0.162.0 before v0.166.0 IP-literal Deny Rule Bypass
Summary
Hugo versions from v0.162.0 before v0.166.0 contain a case-sensitive validation flaw in the security.http.urls IP-literal deny rule that allows attackers to bypass restrictions. Attackers can use mixed-case URL schemes in resources.GetRemote calls to fetch from restricted IP addresses like localhost.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-30 17:05 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 84/100 over 6106 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
gohugoio hugo Affected: 0.162.0 , < 0.166.0 (semver)
Unaffected: 0.166.0 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:gohugo:hugo:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-09-09 00:00
Credits
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-100669 (GCVE-0-2026-100669)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-26 13:23 – Updated: 2026-09-30 20:11
VLAI
Title
Grav before 2.0.25 Sensitive File Disclosure via Case-Variation Bypass
Summary
Grav before 2.0.25 ships web server configuration samples whose access-control deny rules are matched case-sensitively. In webserver-configs/web.config (IIS), every deny rule (user_sensitive_folders, user_accounts, user_data, user_error_redirect, user_pages, system, vendor, ignore_folders) sets ignoreCase="false" on its URL Rewrite <match> element, overriding the IIS default of ignoreCase="true"; because these are rewrite matches rather than <requestFiltering> elements, there is no case-insensitive fallback. On IIS running over case-insensitive NTFS, an unauthenticated remote attacker can vary the case of a folder name or file extension (for example GET /user/CONFIG/system.YAML) so that no deny rule matches and the IIS static file handler resolves and returns the underlying file, disclosing sensitive data such as configuration secrets or account password hashes. Whether a bypassed file is actually returned depends on MIME registration: .json is served by default, while .yaml/.yml return HTTP 404.3 on a stock IIS unless a YAML MIME mapping has been added. The same class of gap exists in the bundled webserver-configs/lighttpd.conf, whose user/(config|env), directory, script-extension, root-file and dotfile rules lack the (?i) modifier, though it is lower risk because lighttpd typically runs on case-sensitive filesystems. Deployments served by Apache (.htaccess), nginx, Caddy, or the PHP built-in server are not affected. The issue is fixed in 2.0.25; because the .htaccess installer heal does not touch web.config or lighttpd.conf, operators must re-copy the corrected sample files after upgrading.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-30 18:44 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 84/100 over 6106 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
getgrav grav Affected: 0 , < 2.0.25 (semver)
Unaffected: 2.0.25 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:getgrav:grav:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-09-09 00:00
Credits
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-100580 (GCVE-0-2026-100580)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-26 02:19 – Updated: 2026-10-05 14:55
VLAI
Title
OpenClaw before 2026.7.1 Remote Code Execution via cron tool
Summary
OpenClaw (npm package 'openclaw') before 2026.7.1 improperly handles case sensitivity in the model-facing cron tool: a mixed-case payload kind can pass the agent-facing shell-execution guard and later normalize into a command job. An actor able to steer a tool-enabled agent can therefore create a persistent cron job that executes attacker-selected commands with the privileges of the OpenClaw process user, resulting in access to host files and credentials and impact to scheduled service availability. The issue is limited to cron jobs created or edited through the model-facing cron tool; direct CLI and authorized Gateway scheduling surfaces are trusted operator controls. Fixed in 2026.7.1.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-05 14:07 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 84/100 over 6106 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
OpenClaw OpenClaw Affected: 0 , < 2026.7.1 (semver)
Unaffected: 2026.7.1 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:openclaw:openclaw:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-09-11 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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Mitigation MIT-44
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Input Validation

Avoid making decisions based on names of resources (e.g. files) if those resources can have alternate names.

Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation MIT-20
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.