Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
11273 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-57157 (GCVE-0-2026-57157)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-10 19:51 – Updated: 2026-07-10 20:57
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Out-of-bounds read in the camera device enumerator server (rdpecam) via unterminated DeviceName / VirtualChannelName
Summary
FreeRDP is a free implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol. Prior to 3.28.0, FreeRDP server implementations with the MS-RDPECAM camera device enumerator channel enabled scan attacker-supplied DeviceName and VirtualChannelName fields for a NUL terminator in channels/rdpecam/server/camera_device_enumerator_main.c and then dereference once past the scan bound, allowing a malicious RDP client to trigger a 1- to 2-byte out-of-bounds heap read. This issue is fixed in version 3.28.0.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/pull/12930 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/pull/12945 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/commit/02991e7… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/commit/bd789a3… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/releases/tag/3.28.0 | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-57094 (GCVE-0-2026-57094)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-14 17:09 – Updated: 2026-07-15 22:27
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Microsoft Windows Media Foundation Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Windows Media Foundation allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
14 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1607 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9339
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1809 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.9020
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 21H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19044.0 , < 10.0.19044.7548
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 22H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19045.0 , < 10.0.19045.7548
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 24H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.8875
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 25H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26200.0 , < 10.0.26100.8875
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 26H1 |
Affected:
10.0.28000.0 , < 10.0.28000.2525
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9339
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9339
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.9020
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.9020
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022 |
Affected:
10.0.20348.0 , < 10.0.20348.5386
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.33158
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.33158
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-07-14 14:00
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"product": "Windows Server 2022",
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CVE-2026-57085 (GCVE-0-2026-57085)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-14 17:09 – Updated: 2026-07-15 22:27
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Windows Print Spooler Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Summary
Out-of-bounds read in Windows Print Spooler Components allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
18 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1607 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9339
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1809 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.9020
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 21H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19044.0 , < 10.0.19044.7548
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 22H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19045.0 , < 10.0.19045.7548
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 24H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.8875
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 25H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26200.0 , < 10.0.26100.8875
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 26H1 |
Affected:
10.0.28000.0 , < 10.0.28000.2525
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.26226
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.26226
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.23291
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.23291
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9339
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9339
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.9020
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.9020
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022 |
Affected:
10.0.20348.0 , < 10.0.20348.5386
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.33158
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.33158
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-07-14 14:00
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CVE-2026-56788 (GCVE-0-2026-56788)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-25 18:13 – Updated: 2026-07-14 21:34 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
RTKLIB 2.4.3 - Out-of-bounds Read via Negative Array Index in getcodepri
Summary
RTKLIB through 2.4.3 contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in getcodepri function when processing unrecognized RINEX observation codes, allowing attackers to trigger denial of service. Crafted RINEX files with unknown observation types cause negative array indexing into the codepris table, resulting in reliable crashes and potential memory disclosure of adjacent global data.
Severity
4.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/tomojitakasu/RTKLIB/issues/797 | technical-descriptionexploit |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/rtklib-out-o… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| tomojitakasu | RTKLIB |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2.4.3
(semver)
|
Date Public
2026-06-09 00:00
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CVE-2026-56378 (GCVE-0-2026-56378)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-21 13:26 – Updated: 2026-06-22 13:20
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
ImageMagick - Heap Out-of-Bounds Read in PCD Decoder
Summary
ImageMagick before 7.1.2-15 (and 6.x before 6.9.13-40) contains a heap out-of-bounds read in the PCD coder's DecodeImage loop. A crafted PCD file can trigger a one-byte heap out-of-bounds read during image decoding, resulting in denial of service and potential disclosure of an adjacent heap byte.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/securi… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/imagemagick-… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ImageMagick | ImageMagick |
Affected:
0 , < 7.1.2-15
(semver)
Unaffected: 7.1.2-15 (semver) |
|
| ImageMagick | ImageMagick |
Affected:
0 , < 6.9.13-40
(semver)
Unaffected: 6.9.13-40 (semver) |
Date Public
2026-02-23 00:00
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CVE-2026-56374 (GCVE-0-2026-56374)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-08 13:49 – Updated: 2026-07-08 15:46
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
ImageMagick - Heap Buffer Overflow in FTXT Encoder via format Parameter
Summary
ImageMagick before 7.1.2-19 contains a heap buffer overflow vulnerability in the FTXT encoder due to missing boundary checks when parsing ftxt:format. Remote attackers can trigger an out of bounds read by crafting malicious FTXT image files to cause denial of service or information disclosure.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/securi… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/imagemagick-… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ImageMagick | ImageMagick |
Affected:
0 , < 7.1.2-19
(semver)
Unaffected: 7.1.2-19 (semver) |
Date Public
2026-04-13 00:00
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CVE-2026-56370 (GCVE-0-2026-56370)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-24 11:53 – Updated: 2026-06-25 13:20
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
ImageMagick - Out-of-bounds Access in ConnectedComponentsImage via connected-components Artifact
Summary
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Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/securi… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/imagemagick-… | third-party-advisory |
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|---|---|---|---|
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Affected:
0 , < 7.1.2-19
(semver)
Unaffected: 7.1.2-19 (semver) |
|
| ImageMagick | ImageMagick |
Affected:
0 , < 6.9.13-44
(semver)
Unaffected: 6.9.13-44 (semver) |
Date Public
2026-04-13 00:00
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CVE-2026-56367 (GCVE-0-2026-56367)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-21 13:26 – Updated: 2026-06-22 12:18
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
ImageMagick - Heap Out-of-Bounds Read in PSB RLE Decoding
Summary
ImageMagick before 7.1.2-15 and 6.9.x before 6.9.13-40 contains an integer overflow in the PSB (PSD v2) RLE decoding path (ReadPSDChannelRLE in coders/psd.c) that causes a heap out-of-bounds read on 32-bit builds. Processing a crafted PSB file can lead to information disclosure or a crash.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/securi… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/imagemagick-… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ImageMagick | ImageMagick |
Affected:
7.0.0 , < 7.1.2-15
(semver)
Unaffected: 7.1.2-15 (semver) |
|
| ImageMagick | ImageMagick |
Affected:
6.9.0 , < 6.9.13-40
(semver)
Unaffected: 6.9.13-40 (semver) |
Date Public
2026-02-23 00:00
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CVE-2026-56362 (GCVE-0-2026-56362)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-08 13:49 – Updated: 2026-07-08 17:08
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
ImageMagick - Heap-buffer-overflow Read in GetPixelIndex via OpenPixelCache Metadata Desynchronization
Summary
ImageMagick before 7.1.2-15 contains a heap-buffer-overflow read vulnerability in GetPixelIndex caused by OpenPixelCache updating image channel metadata before pixel cache memory allocation. Attackers can trigger memory and disk allocation failures to cause a heap-buffer-overflow read affecting any writer calling GetPixelIndex.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/securi… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/imagemagick-… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ImageMagick | ImageMagick |
Affected:
0 , < 7.1.2-15
(semver)
Unaffected: 7.1.2-15 (semver) |
|
| ImageMagick | ImageMagick |
Affected:
0 , < 6.9.13-40
(semver)
Unaffected: 6.9.13-40 (semver) |
Date Public
2026-02-23 00:00
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CVE-2026-56361 (GCVE-0-2026-56361)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-30 22:08 – Updated: 2026-07-01 14:28
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
ImageMagick - Heap Buffer Overflow via Off-by-One in Morphology Processing
Summary
ImageMagick before 7.1.2-19 contains an off-by-one error in morphology validation allowing out-of-bounds heap buffer reads. Attackers can trigger heap buffer overflow by providing incorrect morphology parameters causing single pixel memory access violations.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/securi… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/imagemagick-… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ImageMagick | ImageMagick |
Affected:
0 , < 7.1.2-19
(semver)
Unaffected: 7.1.2-19 (semver) |
|
| ImageMagick | ImageMagick |
Affected:
0 , < 6.9.13-44
(semver)
Unaffected: 6.9.13-44 (semver) |
Date Public
2026-04-13 00:00
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Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.