{
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          "product": "Linux",
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          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6.8"
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              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
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              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.53",
              "versionType": "semver"
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            {
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              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.17.3",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
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              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
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                  "vulnerable": true
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      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nfbdev: simplefb: Fix use after free in simplefb_detach_genpds()\n\nThe pm_domain cleanup can not be devres managed as it uses struct\nsimplefb_par which is allocated within struct fb_info by\nframebuffer_alloc(). This allocation is explicitly freed by\nunregister_framebuffer() in simplefb_remove().\nDevres managed cleanup runs after the device remove call and thus can no\nlonger access struct simplefb_par.\nCall simplefb_detach_genpds() explicitly from simplefb_destroy() like\nthe cleanup functions for clocks and regulators.\n\nFixes an use after free on M2 Mac mini during\naperture_remove_conflicting_devices() using the downstream asahi kernel\nwith Debian\u0027s kernel config. For unknown reasons this started to\nconsistently dereference an invalid pointer in v6.16.3 based kernels.\n\n[    6.736134] BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in simplefb_detach_genpds+0x58/0x220\n[    6.743545] Read of size 4 at addr ffff8000304743f0 by task (udev-worker)/227\n[    6.750697]\n[    6.752182] CPU: 6 UID: 0 PID: 227 Comm: (udev-worker) Tainted: G S                  6.16.3-asahi+ #16 PREEMPTLAZY\n[    6.752186] Tainted: [S]=CPU_OUT_OF_SPEC\n[    6.752187] Hardware name: Apple Mac mini (M2, 2023) (DT)\n[    6.752189] Call trace:\n[    6.752190]  show_stack+0x34/0x98 (C)\n[    6.752194]  dump_stack_lvl+0x60/0x80\n[    6.752197]  print_report+0x17c/0x4d8\n[    6.752201]  kasan_report+0xb4/0x100\n[    6.752206]  __asan_report_load4_noabort+0x20/0x30\n[    6.752209]  simplefb_detach_genpds+0x58/0x220\n[    6.752213]  devm_action_release+0x50/0x98\n[    6.752216]  release_nodes+0xd0/0x2c8\n[    6.752219]  devres_release_all+0xfc/0x178\n[    6.752221]  device_unbind_cleanup+0x28/0x168\n[    6.752224]  device_release_driver_internal+0x34c/0x470\n[    6.752228]  device_release_driver+0x20/0x38\n[    6.752231]  bus_remove_device+0x1b0/0x380\n[    6.752234]  device_del+0x314/0x820\n[    6.752238]  platform_device_del+0x3c/0x1e8\n[    6.752242]  platform_device_unregister+0x20/0x50\n[    6.752246]  aperture_detach_platform_device+0x1c/0x30\n[    6.752250]  aperture_detach_devices+0x16c/0x290\n[    6.752253]  aperture_remove_conflicting_devices+0x34/0x50\n...\n[    6.752343]\n[    6.967409] Allocated by task 62:\n[    6.970724]  kasan_save_stack+0x3c/0x70\n[    6.974560]  kasan_save_track+0x20/0x40\n[    6.978397]  kasan_save_alloc_info+0x40/0x58\n[    6.982670]  __kasan_kmalloc+0xd4/0xd8\n[    6.986420]  __kmalloc_noprof+0x194/0x540\n[    6.990432]  framebuffer_alloc+0xc8/0x130\n[    6.994444]  simplefb_probe+0x258/0x2378\n...\n[    7.054356]\n[    7.055838] Freed by task 227:\n[    7.058891]  kasan_save_stack+0x3c/0x70\n[    7.062727]  kasan_save_track+0x20/0x40\n[    7.066565]  kasan_save_free_info+0x4c/0x80\n[    7.070751]  __kasan_slab_free+0x6c/0xa0\n[    7.074675]  kfree+0x10c/0x380\n[    7.077727]  framebuffer_release+0x5c/0x90\n[    7.081826]  simplefb_destroy+0x1b4/0x2c0\n[    7.085837]  put_fb_info+0x98/0x100\n[    7.089326]  unregister_framebuffer+0x178/0x320\n[    7.093861]  simplefb_remove+0x3c/0x60\n[    7.097611]  platform_remove+0x60/0x98\n[    7.101361]  device_remove+0xb8/0x160\n[    7.105024]  device_release_driver_internal+0x2fc/0x470\n[    7.110256]  device_release_driver+0x20/0x38\n[    7.114529]  bus_remove_device+0x1b0/0x380\n[    7.118628]  device_del+0x314/0x820\n[    7.122116]  platform_device_del+0x3c/0x1e8\n[    7.126302]  platform_device_unregister+0x20/0x50\n[    7.131012]  aperture_detach_platform_device+0x1c/0x30\n[    7.136157]  aperture_detach_devices+0x16c/0x290\n[    7.140779]  aperture_remove_conflicting_devices+0x34/0x50\n..."
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T21:41:15.693Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b1deb39cfd614fb2f278b71011692a8dbf0f05ba"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b6ff0d8de8452ec0e18e5bd7394c2a23e7ff7353"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/da1bb9135213744e7ec398826c8f2e843de4fb94"
        }
      ],
      "title": "fbdev: simplefb: Fix use after free in simplefb_detach_genpds()",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-40037",
    "datePublished": "2025-10-28T11:48:18.274Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T07:20:57.153Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T21:41:15.693Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

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          "product": "Linux",
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            "rust/bindings/bindings_helper.h"
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          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
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              "versionType": "git"
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              "status": "affected",
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              "versionType": "git"
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              "status": "affected",
              "version": "63c17fb8e5a46a16e10e82005748837fd11a2024",
              "versionType": "git"
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        {
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          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "include/linux/mm.h",
            "rust/bindings/bindings_helper.h"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.6"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "4.6",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
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            {
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              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.4.302",
              "versionType": "semver"
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              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.10.247",
              "versionType": "semver"
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            {
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              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.15.197",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.1.158",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.6.114",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.55",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.17.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.17.3",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
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          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
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                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.4.302",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.6",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.10.247",
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                {
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                },
                {
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                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.55",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.6",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
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                  "vulnerable": true
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                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
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              "operator": "OR"
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      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nmm/ksm: fix flag-dropping behavior in ksm_madvise\n\nsyzkaller discovered the following crash: (kernel BUG)\n\n[   44.607039] ------------[ cut here ]------------\n[   44.607422] kernel BUG at mm/userfaultfd.c:2067!\n[   44.608148] Oops: invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP DEBUG_PAGEALLOC KASAN NOPTI\n[   44.608814] CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 2475 Comm: reproducer Not tainted 6.16.0-rc6 #1 PREEMPT(none)\n[   44.609635] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.16.3-0-ga6ed6b701f0a-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014\n[   44.610695] RIP: 0010:userfaultfd_release_all+0x3a8/0x460\n\n\u003csnip other registers, drop unreliable trace\u003e\n\n[   44.617726] Call Trace:\n[   44.617926]  \u003cTASK\u003e\n[   44.619284]  userfaultfd_release+0xef/0x1b0\n[   44.620976]  __fput+0x3f9/0xb60\n[   44.621240]  fput_close_sync+0x110/0x210\n[   44.622222]  __x64_sys_close+0x8f/0x120\n[   44.622530]  do_syscall_64+0x5b/0x2f0\n[   44.622840]  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e\n[   44.623244] RIP: 0033:0x7f365bb3f227\n\nKernel panics because it detects UFFD inconsistency during\nuserfaultfd_release_all().  Specifically, a VMA which has a valid pointer\nto vma-\u003evm_userfaultfd_ctx, but no UFFD flags in vma-\u003evm_flags.\n\nThe inconsistency is caused in ksm_madvise(): when user calls madvise()\nwith MADV_UNMEARGEABLE on a VMA that is registered for UFFD in MINOR mode,\nit accidentally clears all flags stored in the upper 32 bits of\nvma-\u003evm_flags.\n\nAssuming x86_64 kernel build, unsigned long is 64-bit and unsigned int and\nint are 32-bit wide.  This setup causes the following mishap during the \u0026=\n~VM_MERGEABLE assignment.\n\nVM_MERGEABLE is a 32-bit constant of type unsigned int, 0x8000\u00270000. \nAfter ~ is applied, it becomes 0x7fff\u0027ffff unsigned int, which is then\npromoted to unsigned long before the \u0026 operation.  This promotion fills\nupper 32 bits with leading 0s, as we\u0027re doing unsigned conversion (and\neven for a signed conversion, this wouldn\u0027t help as the leading bit is 0).\n\u0026 operation thus ends up AND-ing vm_flags with 0x0000\u00270000\u00277fff\u0027ffff\ninstead of intended 0xffff\u0027ffff\u00277fff\u0027ffff and hence accidentally clears\nthe upper 32-bits of its value.\n\nFix it by changing `VM_MERGEABLE` constant to unsigned long, using the\nBIT() macro.\n\nNote: other VM_* flags are not affected: This only happens to the\nVM_MERGEABLE flag, as the other VM_* flags are all constants of type int\nand after ~ operation, they end up with leading 1 and are thus converted\nto unsigned long with leading 1s.\n\nNote 2:\nAfter commit 31defc3b01d9 (\"userfaultfd: remove (VM_)BUG_ON()s\"), this is\nno longer a kernel BUG, but a WARNING at the same place:\n\n[   45.595973] WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 2474 at mm/userfaultfd.c:2067\n\nbut the root-cause (flag-drop) remains the same.\n\n[akpm@linux-foundation.org: rust bindgen wasn\u0027t able to handle BIT(), from Miguel]"
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The bug is reached purely through the madvise(2) syscall (MADV_MERGEABLE/MADV_UNMERGEABLE) on the caller\u0027s own address space, with no network or remote component. Local access to the system is required.\nAC:L - The flag drop is a deterministic C integer-promotion defect that triggers on every MADV_UNMERGEABLE call \u2014 no race, no memory-layout grooming, and no conditions outside the attacker\u0027s control. A short single-threaded reproducer (memfd + MAP_PRIVATE + MADV_MERGEABLE + UFFDIO_REGISTER(MINOR) + MADV_UNMERGEABLE + close) works 100% of the time.\nPR:L - Any unprivileged local user can do this: memfd_create() and MAP_PRIVATE need no capability, and userfaultfd(UFFD_USER_MODE_ONLY) is explicitly allowed to unprivileged callers regardless of vm.unprivileged_userfaultfd or CAP_SYS_PTRACE. The mseal/pkey/shadow-stack flag-drop variants need no special facility at all.\nUI:N - The attacking process performs the entire sequence itself via its own syscalls; no other user or administrator has to open a file, mount anything, or take any action.\nS:U - The corrupted state is the attacker\u0027s own VMA flags and the resulting crash or protection loss stays within the kernel and the process\u0027s own address space, without crossing into a hypervisor, IOMMU, or other security authority.\nC:H - Clearing VM_PKEY_BIT0..4 makes vma_pkey() return 0 and drops _PAGE_PKEY_* from the recomputed page protection, silently revoking MPK-based isolation so an untrusted in-process component can read memory it was walled off from; combined with the VM_SEALED drop (allowing mremap of regions the policy pinned) this yields disclosure of memory the kernel was supposed to keep protected.\nI:H - The wipe silently revokes kernel-enforced write protections: VM_SEALED loss is a full mseal(2) bypass (sealed code/GOT regions become mprotect-able and munmap-able), and VM_SHADOW_STACK loss lets userspace write its own CET shadow stack, defeating control-flow integrity and enabling ROP \u2014 memory the kernel guaranteed immutable becomes attacker-writable.\nA:H - Dropping VM_UFFD_MINOR while leaving vma-\u003evm_userfaultfd_ctx set creates the inconsistency that userfaultfd_release_all() asserts on, producing a kernel BUG()/invalid-opcode panic on close() (a WARNING at mm/userfaultfd.c:2067 after 31defc3b01d9, still fatal under panic_on_warn). Any local user can trigger this at will."
            }
          ]
        }
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      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:07:14.111Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/850f1ea245bdc0ce6a3fd36bfb80d8cf9647cb71"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/788e5385d0ff69cdba1cabccb9dab8d9647b9239"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b69f19244c2b6475c8a6eb72f0fb0d53509e48cd"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/41cb9fd904fe0c39d52e82dd84dc3c96b7aa9693"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/92b82e232b8d8b116ac6e57aeae7a6033db92c60"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ac50c6e0a8f91a02b681af81abb2362fbb67cc18"
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        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/76385629f45740b7888f8fcd83bde955b10f61fe"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f04aad36a07cc17b7a5d5b9a2d386ce6fae63e93"
        }
      ],
      "title": "mm/ksm: fix flag-dropping behavior in ksm_madvise",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
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  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-40040",
    "datePublished": "2025-10-28T11:48:20.395Z",
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        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet: nfc: nci: Add parameter validation for packet data\n\nSyzbot reported an uninitialized value bug in nci_init_req, which was\nintroduced by commit 5aca7966d2a7 (\"Merge tag\n\u0027perf-tools-fixes-for-v6.17-2025-09-16\u0027 of\ngit://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/perf/perf-tools\").\n\nThis bug arises due to very limited and poor input validation\nthat was done at nic_valid_size(). This validation only\nvalidates the skb-\u003elen (directly reflects size provided at the\nuserspace interface) with the length provided in the buffer\nitself (interpreted as NCI_HEADER). This leads to the processing\nof memory content at the address assuming the correct layout\nper what opcode requires there. This leads to the accesses to\nbuffer of `skb_buff-\u003edata` which is not assigned anything yet.\n\nFollowing the same silent drop of packets of invalid sizes at\n`nic_valid_size()`, add validation of the data in the respective\nhandlers and return error values in case of failure. Release\nthe skb if error values are returned from handlers in\n`nci_nft_packet` and effectively do a silent drop\n\nPossible TODO: because we silently drop the packets, the\ncall to `nci_request` will be waiting for completion of request\nand will face timeouts. These timeouts can get excessively logged\nin the dmesg. A proper handling of them may require to export\n`nci_request_cancel` (or propagate error handling from the\nnft packets handlers)."
        }
      ],
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            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
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              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:A - The parsed data is NCI notification payload whose RF-specific and activation parameters (ATS/RATS length byte, ATR_RES length, tech-specific params) originate from the contactless peer, so an attacker with a spoofed card or NFC emulator in proximity of a phone/POS/embedded reader supplies the malformed lengths. NFC proximity is Adjacent per kernel scoring guidance (a local unprivileged N_NCI-ldisc path also exists, but is strictly lower severity).\nAC:L - The attacker directly controls the length byte versus actual payload length and can present the malformed card/frame repeatedly until the target polls it; no race, no unpredictable memory-layout precondition is required.\nPR:N - No credentials or account on the target are needed \u2014 NFC polling activates and parses the notification automatically, and on the local variant `NCIUARTSETDRIVER` in nci_uart_tty_ioctl() has no capability check at all.\nUI:N - The NFC stack polls and processes discovery/activation notifications autonomously; the attacker brings the hostile device into range and the victim performs no action.\nS:U - The over-read, the write-back in the credits handler, and the leaked data all stay within the kernel\u0027s own security authority; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - Tens of bytes past the payload \u2014 uninitialized slab tailroom and skb_shared_info, which holds kernel pointers \u2014 are copied into nfcid1/sens_res/ATS and exported to userspace via NFC netlink attributes, yielding stale-heap and kernel-pointer disclosure usable for KASLR defeat.\nI:H - `nci_core_conn_credits_ntf_packet()` writes masked bytes back into memory beyond the validated payload for up to 10 entries and adds an out-of-bounds byte into conn_info-\u003ecredits_cnt, and unvalidated data populates ndev state (nci_ver, manufact_id, remote_gb, credits), giving attacker-shapeable kernel memory/state corruption.\nA:H - Out-of-bounds slab reads can hit a redzone/adjacent object and oops (KASAN/panic_on_oops), and the commit itself notes the resulting dropped packets leave nci_request() blocking until timeout with repeated dmesg flooding, degrading the NFC stack."
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9c328f54741bd5465ca1dc717c84c04242fac2e1"
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      "title": "net: nfc: nci: Add parameter validation for packet data",
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    "cveId": "CVE-2025-40043",
    "datePublished": "2025-10-28T11:48:22.230Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T07:20:57.154Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:07:16.234Z",
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        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nfs: udf: fix OOB read in lengthAllocDescs handling\n\nWhen parsing Allocation Extent Descriptor, lengthAllocDescs comes from\non-disk data and must be validated against the block size. Crafted or\ncorrupted images may set lengthAllocDescs so that the total descriptor\nlength (sizeof(allocExtDesc) + lengthAllocDescs) exceeds the buffer,\nleading udf_update_tag() to call crc_itu_t() on out-of-bounds memory and\ntrigger a KASAN use-after-free read.\n\nBUG: KASAN: use-after-free in crc_itu_t+0x1d5/0x2b0 lib/crc-itu-t.c:60\nRead of size 1 at addr ffff888041e7d000 by task syz-executor317/5309\n\nCPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 5309 Comm: syz-executor317 Not tainted 6.12.0-rc4-syzkaller-00261-g850925a8133c #0\nHardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2~bpo12+1 04/01/2014\nCall Trace:\n \u003cTASK\u003e\n __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline]\n dump_stack_lvl+0x241/0x360 lib/dump_stack.c:120\n print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:377 [inline]\n print_report+0x169/0x550 mm/kasan/report.c:488\n kasan_report+0x143/0x180 mm/kasan/report.c:601\n crc_itu_t+0x1d5/0x2b0 lib/crc-itu-t.c:60\n udf_update_tag+0x70/0x6a0 fs/udf/misc.c:261\n udf_write_aext+0x4d8/0x7b0 fs/udf/inode.c:2179\n extent_trunc+0x2f7/0x4a0 fs/udf/truncate.c:46\n udf_truncate_tail_extent+0x527/0x7e0 fs/udf/truncate.c:106\n udf_release_file+0xc1/0x120 fs/udf/file.c:185\n __fput+0x23f/0x880 fs/file_table.c:431\n task_work_run+0x24f/0x310 kernel/task_work.c:239\n exit_task_work include/linux/task_work.h:43 [inline]\n do_exit+0xa2f/0x28e0 kernel/exit.c:939\n do_group_exit+0x207/0x2c0 kernel/exit.c:1088\n __do_sys_exit_group kernel/exit.c:1099 [inline]\n __se_sys_exit_group kernel/exit.c:1097 [inline]\n __x64_sys_exit_group+0x3f/0x40 kernel/exit.c:1097\n x64_sys_call+0x2634/0x2640 arch/x86/include/generated/asm/syscalls_64.h:232\n do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:52 [inline]\n do_syscall_64+0xf3/0x230 arch/x86/entry/common.c:83\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f\n \u003c/TASK\u003e\n\nValidate the computed total length against epos-\u003ebh-\u003eb_size.\n\nFound by Linux Verification Center (linuxtesting.org) with Syzkaller."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerability is triggered by parsing a crafted UDF filesystem image presented as local storage (removable media or a loop-mounted file); all trigger paths are local syscalls (mount/statfs, readdir, read, close, unlink) on the mounted volume. No network protocol handling is involved.\nAC:L - The attacker fully controls the on-disk `lengthAllocDescs` field and simply sets it larger than the block size, which deterministically drives `alen` past the buffer with no race, timing, or memory-layout condition outside their control.\nPR:N - The attacker needs no account or privileges on the target system \u2014 they only author the malicious UDF image/media (the DVD/Blu-ray/USB-stick format), and the mount is performed by an automounter or the victim; after mount, every trigger path is available to any unprivileged reader of the volume.\nUI:R - Exploitation requires the crafted image to be mounted, i.e. a victim inserting the media or mounting the image (udisks2/desktop automount counts as the required action), followed by ordinary access such as `ls` or opening and closing a file.\nS:U - The out-of-bounds read and write stay within the kernel\u0027s own heap and the kernel\u0027s security authority; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - `udf_get_fileshortad()`/`udf_get_filelongad()` are bounded only by the bogus `alen`, allowing reads of kernel heap up to ~4 GiB past the buffer (confirmed KASAN use-after-free read), and the values harvested from freed/adjacent memory are used as block locations and extent lengths that steer subsequent I/O and directory results.\nI:H - `udf_write_aext()` writes an 8- or 16-byte extent descriptor at `bh-\u003eb_data + epos-\u003eoffset` with the offset unbounded and the contents attacker-influenced, giving a heap out-of-bounds write suitable for control-structure corruption; `extent_trunc()` additionally frees blocks named by out-of-bounds-read data, corrupting on-disk allocation bitmaps.\nA:H - The reported syzbot reproducer produces a KASAN use-after-free read in `crc_itu_t()`, and the unbounded ~4 GiB CRC scan past the buffer reliably faults into unmapped memory, causing a kernel oops/panic."
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              "value": "AV:N - The driver\u0027s canonical deployment (documented in its own file header, and special-cased via `channel-\u003edevice_id == HV_NIC`) binds the netvsc NIC VMBus channel to uio_hv_generic for DPDK, so the inbound ring whose interrupt_mask is clobbered carries packets arriving from remote network peers on an internet-facing VM. A remote party sending traffic controls the message-arrival timing that decides whether the interrupt is permanently lost.\nAC:L - The vulnerable window recurs on every single inbound interrupt (`hv_uio_channel_cb()` sets mask=1 unconditionally) plus at each open and subchannel creation, so sustained traffic hits it essentially immediately rather than requiring a rare coincidence. Because the host only interrupts on an empty\u2192non-empty transition, a single successful hit wedges the channel permanently \u2014 no repeated win of a narrow race is needed.\nPR:N - In the netvsc/DPDK configuration the trigger is ordinary inbound packet traffic, requiring no account, credentials, or capability on the target guest. The pre-existing uio binding is administrator configuration, not a privilege the attacker must hold.\nUI:N - No victim action is required \u2014 the userspace VMBus driver (DPDK PMD or hv_fcopy_uio_daemon) is already running its normal mmap/clear-imask/pread loop, and the kernel writes the mask on its own during routine operation.\nS:U - The clobbered interrupt_mask and the resulting hang both stay inside the guest\u0027s own security authority; no hypervisor, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:N - The bug is a single control-bit write to a ring header field already fully visible to the mmap\u0027ing userspace driver; nothing is read out of bounds, no uninitialised memory is exposed, and no kernel address or heap state is disclosed.\nI:N - The attacker causes no data modification \u2014 the kernel writes the mask bit unconditionally as part of its own buggy logic, and no ring contents, packet data, or kernel structures are altered. The mask write is the defect\u0027s mechanism, whose sole observable consequence is the lost interrupt.\nA:H - The userspace VMBus driver blocks forever in `pread()` on `/dev/uioX` and never receives another interrupt, permanently killing the channel \u2014 total loss of the VM\u0027s userspace network data path for DPDK, or of the host-guest fcopy service \u2014 recoverable only by restarting the application. Per the hang/deadlock guidance this is High."
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nsmb: client: fix crypto buffers in non-linear memory\n\nThe crypto API, through the scatterlist API, expects input buffers to be\nin linear memory.  We handle this with the cifs_sg_set_buf() helper\nthat converts vmalloc\u0027d memory to their corresponding pages.\n\nHowever, when we allocate our aead_request buffer (@creq in\nsmb2ops.c::crypt_message()), we do so with kvzalloc(), which possibly\nputs aead_request-\u003e__ctx in vmalloc area.\n\nAEAD algorithm then uses -\u003e__ctx for its private/internal data and\noperations, and uses sg_set_buf() for such data on a few places.\n\nThis works fine as long as @creq falls into kmalloc zone (small\nrequests) or vmalloc\u0027d memory is still within linear range.\n\nTasks\u0027 stacks are vmalloc\u0027d by default (CONFIG_VMAP_STACK=y), so too\nmany tasks will increment the base stacks\u0027 addresses to a point where\nvirt_addr_valid(buf) will fail (BUG() in sg_set_buf()) when that\nhappens.\n\nIn practice: too many parallel reads and writes on an encrypted mount\nwill trigger this bug.\n\nTo fix this, always alloc @creq with kmalloc() instead.\nAlso drop the @sensitive_size variable/arguments since\nkfree_sensitive() doesn\u0027t need it.\n\nBacktrace:\n\n[  945.272081] ------------[ cut here ]------------\n[  945.272774] kernel BUG at include/linux/scatterlist.h:209!\n[  945.273520] Oops: invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP DEBUG_PAGEALLOC NOPTI\n[  945.274412] CPU: 7 UID: 0 PID: 56 Comm: kworker/u33:0 Kdump: loaded Not tainted 6.15.0-lku-11779-g8e9d6efccdd7-dirty #1 PREEMPT(voluntary)\n[  945.275736] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS rel-1.16.3-2-gc13ff2cd-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014\n[  945.276877] Workqueue: writeback wb_workfn (flush-cifs-2)\n[  945.277457] RIP: 0010:crypto_gcm_init_common+0x1f9/0x220\n[  945.278018] Code: b0 00 00 00 48 83 c4 08 5b 5d 41 5c 41 5d 41 5e 41 5f c3 cc cc cc cc 48 c7 c0 00 00 00 80 48 2b 05 5c 58 e5 00 e9 58 ff ff ff \u003c0f\u003e 0b 0f 0b 0f 0b 0f 0b 0f 0b 0f 0b 48 c7 04 24 01 00 00 00 48 8b\n[  945.279992] RSP: 0018:ffffc90000a27360 EFLAGS: 00010246\n[  945.280578] RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: ffffc90001d85060 RCX: 0000000000000030\n[  945.281376] RDX: 0000000000080000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: ffffc90081d85070\n[  945.282145] RBP: ffffc90001d85010 R08: ffffc90001d85000 R09: 0000000000000000\n[  945.282898] R10: ffffc90001d85090 R11: 0000000000001000 R12: ffffc90001d85070\n[  945.283656] R13: ffff888113522948 R14: ffffc90001d85060 R15: ffffc90001d85010\n[  945.284407] FS:  0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff8882e66cf000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000\n[  945.285262] CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033\n[  945.285884] CR2: 00007fa7ffdd31f4 CR3: 000000010540d000 CR4: 0000000000350ef0\n[  945.286683] Call Trace:\n[  945.286952]  \u003cTASK\u003e\n[  945.287184]  ? crypt_message+0x33f/0xad0 [cifs]\n[  945.287719]  crypto_gcm_encrypt+0x36/0xe0\n[  945.288152]  crypt_message+0x54a/0xad0 [cifs]\n[  945.288724]  smb3_init_transform_rq+0x277/0x300 [cifs]\n[  945.289300]  smb_send_rqst+0xa3/0x160 [cifs]\n[  945.289944]  cifs_call_async+0x178/0x340 [cifs]\n[  945.290514]  ? __pfx_smb2_writev_callback+0x10/0x10 [cifs]\n[  945.291177]  smb2_async_writev+0x3e3/0x670 [cifs]\n[  945.291759]  ? find_held_lock+0x32/0x90\n[  945.292212]  ? netfs_advance_write+0xf2/0x310\n[  945.292723]  netfs_advance_write+0xf2/0x310\n[  945.293210]  netfs_write_folio+0x346/0xcc0\n[  945.293689]  ? __pfx__raw_spin_unlock_irq+0x10/0x10\n[  945.294250]  netfs_writepages+0x117/0x460\n[  945.294724]  do_writepages+0xbe/0x170\n[  945.295152]  ? find_held_lock+0x32/0x90\n[  945.295600]  ? kvm_sched_clock_read+0x11/0x20\n[  945.296103]  __writeback_single_inode+0x56/0x4b0\n[  945.296643]  writeback_sb_inodes+0x229/0x550\n[  945.297140]  __writeback_inodes_wb+0x4c/0xe0\n[  945.297642]  wb_writeback+0x2f1/0x3f0\n[  945.298069]  wb_workfn+0x300/0x490\n[  945.298472]  process_one_work+0x1fe/0x590\n[  945.298949]  worker_thread+0x1ce/0x3c0\n[  945.299397]  ? __pfx_worker_thread+0x10/0x10\n[  945.299900]  kthr\n---truncated---"
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          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nvhost: vringh: Fix copy_to_iter return value check\n\nThe return value of copy_to_iter can\u0027t be negative, check whether the\ncopied length is equal to the requested length instead of checking for\nnegative values."
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          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
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          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
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            {
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              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
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                  "vulnerable": true
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\niommu/vt-d: Disallow dirty tracking if incoherent page walk\n\nDirty page tracking relies on the IOMMU atomically updating the dirty bit\nin the paging-structure entry. For this operation to succeed, the paging-\nstructure memory must be coherent between the IOMMU and the CPU. In\nanother word, if the iommu page walk is incoherent, dirty page tracking\ndoesn\u0027t work.\n\nThe Intel VT-d specification, Section 3.10 \"Snoop Behavior\" states:\n\n\"Remapping hardware encountering the need to atomically update A/EA/D bits\n in a paging-structure entry that is not snooped will result in a non-\n recoverable fault.\"\n\nTo prevent an IOMMU from being incorrectly configured for dirty page\ntracking when it is operating in an incoherent mode, mark SSADS as\nsupported only when both ecap_slads and ecap_smpwc are supported."
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          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 8.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
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              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerable configuration is reached only through local ioctls on /dev/iommu (IOMMU_HWPT_ALLOC with IOMMU_HWPT_ALLOC_DIRTY_TRACKING, then IOMMU_HWPT_SET_DIRTY_TRACKING) against a bound VFIO device fd. There is no network-facing path into the VT-d dirty-tracking code.\nAC:L - On an affected IOMMU the attacker deterministically allocates the dirty-tracking hwpt and enables SSADE with two ioctls \u2014 no race to win and no memory layout to groom. Where the IOMMU is emulated for a guest, the ecap_slads=1/ecap_smpwc=0 combination is itself under attacker or hypervisor control.\nPR:L - Access to /dev/iommu plus a VFIO device fd is required, which in standard device-assignment deployments is delegated to the unprivileged VMM user (qemu/libvirt) rather than requiring real root. A compromised VMM process or a user in a device-assignment group can drive the entire sequence.\nUI:N - The full sequence \u2014 hwpt allocation, dirty-tracking enable, and the subsequent device DMA \u2014 is driven entirely by the attacker\u0027s own process and the device it already controls. No victim action is needed.\nS:C - The defect is in the IOMMU\u0027s own DMA-isolation enforcement: SSADE is programmed on hardware that cannot coherently update paging-structure entries, and the unflushed cached RMW in intel_iommu_read_and_clear_dirty() can resurrect stale second-stage PTEs. An assigned device\u0027s DMA then reaches memory outside its authorized translation, crossing the IOMMU security boundary.\nC:H - Stale or incorrectly-updated second-stage paging entries leave a device-visible mapping to host pages that have been unmapped and potentially reassigned, giving the controlled device DMA reads of arbitrary host memory. Dirty-bitmap results are also unreliable, leaking incorrect state across a migration boundary.\nI:H - The same stale-translation window gives the assigned device DMA writes into host memory outside its mapping \u2014 an arbitrary write primitive from the device side that defeats IOMMU containment. Silently missed dirty pages additionally corrupt guest memory state on live migration.\nA:H - The VT-d specification mandates a non-recoverable fault whenever the hardware must atomically update A/EA/D bits in a non-snooped paging-structure entry, so the assigned device\u0027s DMA is blocked outright and the DMAR fault handler is driven repeatedly. The device and any VM depending on it are rendered inoperable."
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