{
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              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.0.10",
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              "status": "unaffected",
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        }
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        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet/sched: act_ct: Only release RCU read lock after ct_ft\n\nWhen looking up a flow table in act_ct in tcf_ct_flow_table_get(),\nrhashtable_lookup_fast() internally opens and closes an RCU read critical\nsection before returning ct_ft.\nThe tcf_ct_flow_table_cleanup_work() can complete before refcount_inc_not_zero()\nis invoked on the returned ct_ft resulting in a UAF on the already freed ct_ft\nobject. This vulnerability can lead to privilege escalation.\n\nAnalysis from zdi-disclosures@trendmicro.com:\nWhen initializing act_ct, tcf_ct_init() is called, which internally triggers\ntcf_ct_flow_table_get().\n\nstatic int tcf_ct_flow_table_get(struct net *net, struct tcf_ct_params *params)\n\n{\n                struct zones_ht_key key = { .net = net, .zone = params-\u003ezone };\n                struct tcf_ct_flow_table *ct_ft;\n                int err = -ENOMEM;\n\n                mutex_lock(\u0026zones_mutex);\n                ct_ft = rhashtable_lookup_fast(\u0026zones_ht, \u0026key, zones_params); // [1]\n                if (ct_ft \u0026\u0026 refcount_inc_not_zero(\u0026ct_ft-\u003eref)) // [2]\n                                goto out_unlock;\n                ...\n}\n\nstatic __always_inline void *rhashtable_lookup_fast(\n                struct rhashtable *ht, const void *key,\n                const struct rhashtable_params params)\n{\n                void *obj;\n\n                rcu_read_lock();\n                obj = rhashtable_lookup(ht, key, params);\n                rcu_read_unlock();\n\n                return obj;\n}\n\nAt [1], rhashtable_lookup_fast() looks up and returns the corresponding ct_ft\nfrom zones_ht . The lookup is performed within an RCU read critical section\nthrough rcu_read_lock() / rcu_read_unlock(), which prevents the object from\nbeing freed. However, at the point of function return, rcu_read_unlock() has\nalready been called, and there is nothing preventing ct_ft from being freed\nbefore reaching refcount_inc_not_zero(\u0026ct_ft-\u003eref) at [2]. This interval becomes\nthe race window, during which ct_ft can be freed.\n\nFree Process:\n\ntcf_ct_flow_table_put() is executed through the path tcf_ct_cleanup() call_rcu()\ntcf_ct_params_free_rcu() tcf_ct_params_free() tcf_ct_flow_table_put().\n\nstatic void tcf_ct_flow_table_put(struct tcf_ct_flow_table *ct_ft)\n{\n                if (refcount_dec_and_test(\u0026ct_ft-\u003eref)) {\n                                rhashtable_remove_fast(\u0026zones_ht, \u0026ct_ft-\u003enode, zones_params);\n                                INIT_RCU_WORK(\u0026ct_ft-\u003erwork, tcf_ct_flow_table_cleanup_work); // [3]\n                                queue_rcu_work(act_ct_wq, \u0026ct_ft-\u003erwork);\n                }\n}\n\nAt [3], tcf_ct_flow_table_cleanup_work() is scheduled as RCU work\n\nstatic void tcf_ct_flow_table_cleanup_work(struct work_struct *work)\n\n{\n                struct tcf_ct_flow_table *ct_ft;\n                struct flow_block *block;\n\n                ct_ft = container_of(to_rcu_work(work), struct tcf_ct_flow_table,\n                                                                rwork);\n                nf_flow_table_free(\u0026ct_ft-\u003enf_ft);\n                block = \u0026ct_ft-\u003enf_ft.flow_block;\n                down_write(\u0026ct_ft-\u003enf_ft.flow_block_lock);\n                WARN_ON(!list_empty(\u0026block-\u003ecb_list));\n                up_write(\u0026ct_ft-\u003enf_ft.flow_block_lock);\n                kfree(ct_ft); // [4]\n\n                module_put(THIS_MODULE);\n}\n\ntcf_ct_flow_table_cleanup_work() frees ct_ft at [4]. When this function executes\nbetween [1] and [2], UAF occurs.\n\nThis race condition has a very short race window, making it generally\ndifficult to trigger. Therefore, to trigger the vulnerability an msleep(100) was\ninserted after[1]"
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The UAF is triggered only during act_ct TC action configuration via RTM_NEWACTION/RTM_DELACTION or RTM_NEWTFILTER netlink messages, not by processing remote network packets. Per kernel guidance, tc/netlink qdisc paths are Local attack vector.\nAC:L - The race is between flow-table lookup and refcount increment during concurrent create/delete/replace of ct actions, and an attacker with CAP_NET_ADMIN controls both sides by issuing parallel netlink operations on actions sharing the same zone. UAF races where the attacker controls timing are scored AC:L.\nPR:L - All non-GET rtnetlink TC operations require CAP_NET_ADMIN, checked in rtnetlink_rcv_msg() and tc_ctl_action(). CAP_NET_ADMIN is obtainable by an unprivileged user inside a user+network namespace (unshare -Urn), which per kernel guidance is PR:L not PR:H.\nUI:N - Exploitation requires only the attacker\u0027s own netlink configuration traffic; no victim user action such as opening a file or mounting a filesystem is needed.\nS:U - A successful exploit yields kernel-level privilege escalation within the same kernel security domain. This is standard local kernel compromise, not a cross-boundary escape such as VM guest-to-host or IOMMU bypass.\nC:H - The bug is a heap use-after-free on struct tcf_ct_flow_table during refcount_inc_not_zero() on memory that tcf_ct_flow_table_cleanup_work() may have already kfree()\u0027d. UAF on kernel heap objects enables arbitrary memory read primitives and is scored C:H.\nI:H - Freed tcf_ct_flow_table slabs can be reallocated and corrupted via the dangling refcount operation, providing heap manipulation primitives that ZDI and the fix commit describe as leading to privilege escalation. Memory corruption UAF is scored I:H.\nA:H - Hitting the UAF during refcount manipulation on freed memory can cause kernel oops/panic or deliberate denial of service, and UAF bugs inherently threaten availability even when exploitation is attempted. Any kernel crash or UAF is scored A:H."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:31:14.097Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ece578ca61e572df96cfc80456357ebfae0b4b9e"
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        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a2e0c045c87aa252eb61412e67dd91f2c2b19f81"
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/67c9ecc9f2575273ed1323e312881fc98ac83d6d"
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        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4c727c6967a41b37efe0f26332ca9ec5b74785a3"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3e20e1b3058e0b94638e7b931c138e840e266724"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f462dca0c8415bf0058d0ffa476354c4476d0f09"
        }
      ],
      "title": "net/sched: act_ct: Only release RCU read lock after ct_ft",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
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  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-46319",
    "datePublished": "2026-06-09T12:11:12.128Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-05-13T15:03:33.112Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:31:14.097Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

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      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet/sched: taprio: fix use-after-free in advance_sched() on schedule switch\n\nIn advance_sched(), when should_change_schedules() returns true,\nswitch_schedules() is called to promote the admin schedule to oper.\nswitch_schedules() queues the old oper schedule for RCU freeing via\ncall_rcu(), but \u0027next\u0027 still points into an entry of the old oper\nschedule. The subsequent \u0027next-\u003eend_time = end_time\u0027 and\nrcu_assign_pointer(q-\u003ecurrent_entry, next) are use-after-free.\n\nFix this by selecting \u0027next\u0027 from the new oper schedule immediately\nafter switch_schedules(), and using its pre-calculated end_time.\nsetup_first_end_time() sets the first entry\u0027s end_time to\nbase_time + interval when the schedule is installed, so the value\nis already correct.\n\nThe deleted \u0027end_time = sched_base_time(admin)\u0027 assignment was also\nharmful independently: it would overwrite the new first entry\u0027s\npre-calculated end_time with just base_time."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
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            "version": "3.1"
          },
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            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerable taprio schedule switch is reached through local `NETLINK_ROUTE`/tc qdisc configuration, not by unauthenticated network packets. An attacker sends `RTM_NEWQDISC` messages to install and later switch taprio schedules.\nAC:L - The trigger is deterministic once the attacker installs an oper schedule and a later admin schedule with chosen base times/intervals. The attacker controls the schedule timing, so no condition beyond attacker control is required.\nPR:L - The rtnetlink qdisc path requires `CAP_NET_ADMIN` in the target network namespace. Because tc/qdisc configuration is reachable with namespaced `CAP_NET_ADMIN` via user namespaces in reasonable deployments, this is low privilege rather than high privilege.\nUI:N - No victim action is required after the attacker can issue the local netlink configuration. The hrtimer-driven schedule transition occurs automatically.\nS:U - The vulnerability corrupts kernel memory within the same kernel security authority. It is a standard local kernel privilege-escalation/DoS class issue, not a VM or hardware boundary escape.\nC:H - This is a use-after-free of taprio schedule entry memory that leaves `current_entry` pointing into freed objects. As a kernel UAF, it can plausibly be shaped into memory disclosure primitives.\nI:H - The stale schedule entry is later written and used by scheduler/dequeue paths, giving attacker-influenced heap corruption potential. Under the required kernel guidance, a UAF is high integrity impact because it can be leveraged for arbitrary write or control-flow compromise.\nA:H - The dangling schedule entry can be dereferenced after RCU freeing by the timer or dequeue path. Even without full exploitation, this can cause kernel oops, panic, or repeated crashes."
            }
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      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:32:38.643Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nwifi: cfg80211: use wiphy work for socket owner autodisconnect\n\nnl80211_netlink_notify() walks the cfg80211 wireless device list when a\nNETLINK_GENERIC socket is released. If the socket owns a connection, the\nnotifier queues the embedded wdev-\u003edisconnect_wk work item.\n\nThat work is a plain work_struct today. NETDEV_GOING_DOWN cancels it, but a\nNETLINK_URELEASE notifier that already observed conn_owner_nlportid can\nqueue it after that cancel returns. _cfg80211_unregister_wdev() then\nremoves the wdev from the list and waits for RCU readers, but\nsynchronize_net() does not drain work queued by such a reader.\n\nMake the autodisconnect work a wiphy_work instead. The callback already\nneeds the wiphy mutex, and wiphy_work runs under that mutex. This lets\nteardown cancel pending autodisconnect work while holding the mutex,\nwithout a cancel_work_sync() vs. worker locking concern.\n\nAlso cancel the wiphy work after list_del_rcu() and synchronize_net(). Any\nNETLINK_URELEASE notifier that had already reached the wdev list has then\neither queued the work and it is removed, or can no longer find the wdev."
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              "value": "AV:L - Exploitation requires a local ioctl on /dev/snd/controlC* (SNDRV_CTL_IOCTL_TLV_WRITE/READ) through the ALSA control device; there is no network, adjacent-radio, or physical-bus attack surface for this SOF IPC3 kcontrol path.\nAC:L - On affected SOF IPC3 systems with topology bytes_ext controls, an attacker can deterministically trigger the bug by issuing TLV writes with header.length equal to max_size, causing copy_from_user/memcpy to overrun the kzalloc(max_size) buffer by sizeof(struct sof_ipc_ctrl_data).\nPR:L - The fix commit states the overflow is reachable from unprivileged userspace via ALSA TLV kcontrols; any local user who can open the sound control device (typically membership in the audio group on Linux, or an app with audio access on Android/ChromeOS) can reach the vulnerable code without real root.\nUI:N - Exploitation is performed entirely by the attacker issuing ALSA TLV ioctls against an existing bytes_ext kcontrol; no victim click, mount, or other interactive action beyond the attacker\u0027s own access to the sound control interface is required.\nS:U - The vulnerability corrupts kernel heap memory from a local userspace context and enables standard kernel privilege escalation or denial of service; it does not cross a VM, container, or IOMMU security boundary into a separate authority.\nC:H - The get path can copy_to_user up to sizeof(struct sof_ipc_ctrl_data) bytes beyond the allocated ipc_control_data buffer, leaking adjacent kernel heap contents; combined with the controllable overflow, this is an out-of-bounds read/memory corruption primitive consistent with arbitrary disclosure potential.\nI:H - The put path performs an out-of-bounds heap write of up to sizeof(struct sof_ipc_ctrl_data) bytes past the kzalloc(max_size) allocation (including via the err_restore memcpy), enabling heap metadata/object corruption that can be developed into arbitrary kernel write or code execution.\nA:H - Heap out-of-bounds writes of roughly 96 bytes into adjacent slab objects can corrupt kernel structures and trigger oops/panic or wedged audio/subsystem state; repeated TLV operations make denial of service reliably achievable even without full exploitation."
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              "version": "5.13"
            },
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              "lessThan": "5.13",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.97",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18.40",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "7.1.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.1.5",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.2",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
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          "nodes": [
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                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.97",
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                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.18.40",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.13",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "7.1.5",
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                  "vulnerable": true
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                {
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              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
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      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: nft_lookup: fix catchall element handling with inverted lookups\n\nnft_lookup_eval() decides whether a lookup matched (`found`) from the\ndirect set lookup and priv-\u003einvert before falling back to the\ncatchall element used by interval sets (e.g. nft_set_rbtree) for the\nopen-ended default range. Since `found` is never recomputed after\n`ext` is replaced by the catchall lookup, inverted lookups\n(NFT_LOOKUP_F_INV, \"!= @set\") can wrongly match or wrongly skip the\ncatchall element, producing the wrong verdict. Fold the catchall\nlookup into `ext` before computing `found`, matching the order\nalready used by nft_objref_map_eval()."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 9.1,
            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:N - nft_lookup_eval() runs on the netfilter packet datapath via nft_do_chain() for ingress/forward/prerouting hooks, so a remote sender can reach the bug by sending packets evaluated against an affected inverted lookup rule on a catchall interval set.\nAC:L - Once such a ruleset exists, the attacker reliably controls whether the lookup key hits a set element or the catchall by crafting packet fields; no race, memory layout dependency, or other uncontrollable victim state is required.\nPR:N - Exploitation at runtime only requires sending network traffic through the victim\u0027s nftables hooks; although rule installation needs CAP_NET_ADMIN, the remote attacker needs no credentials or local privileges on the target system.\nUI:N - No victim user interaction is needed beyond normal network traffic processing; the kernel automatically evaluates the inverted lookup expression for each matching packet.\nS:U - The impact is incorrect nftables verdicts within the host/kernel network security authority and does not cross VM, container-host, or IOMMU security boundaries.\nC:H - Wrongly matching or skipping the catchall element can bypass intended filtering and expose protected internal services or data that the firewall policy was meant to block from the attacker\u0027s network position.\nI:H - The bug can apply or omit catchall set-element actions and verdicts (accept/drop/jump), allowing unauthorized traffic handling contrary to the administrator\u0027s intended nftables policy.\nA:N - This is a pure logic error that returns incorrect verdicts without memory corruption, kernel oops/panic, hang, or other direct loss of kernel availability."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-17T05:42:46.791Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0ab8880865f9678eb6174e72c1fc4712e44c745c"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/238c612357b5a25f03eacf356f95034f8551f218"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ef0c7d4b04a0e6ad175323c24bc84e11470dd79d"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e6107a4c74b54cb33e3bce162a63048ae5a6b198"
        }
      ],
      "title": "netfilter: nft_lookup: fix catchall element handling with inverted lookups",
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  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-72320",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-15T05:55:32.939Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-08-09T03:40:39.919Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-17T05:42:46.791Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}