CVE-2026-74641 (GCVE-0-2026-74641)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-22 15:32 – Updated: 2026-08-25 05:41
VLAI
Title
ALSA: usx2y: bound the hwdep mmap fault offset
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ALSA: usx2y: bound the hwdep mmap fault offset snd_us428ctls_vm_fault() turns the faulting page offset into a kernel address with no bound of any kind: offset = vmf->pgoff << PAGE_SHIFT; vaddr = (char *)(...)->us428ctls_sharedmem + offset; page = virt_to_page(vaddr); get_page(page); vmf->page = page; return 0; snd_us428ctls_mmap() checks only the length of the mapping, never the offset, and us428ctls_sharedmem is a single page from alloc_pages_exact(). For a character device file_mmap_size_max() returns ULONG_MAX, so the mm layer imposes no ceiling either. Every page offset above zero resolves to a struct page outside the object, and the handler installs it into the caller's address space read-write; the vma is not marked read-only. The caller picks the page frame with a single mmap() argument and gets read-write access to a page of kernel memory it does not own; an offset that lands in an unpopulated vmemmap region oopses instead. A process that can open the hwdep node of an attached US-X2Y reaches this after loading the FPGA image through the same node; no capability check is involved. On 7.2.0-rc5 (arm64), mmap() with a large offset: Unable to handle kernel paging request at virtual address fffffdffc45d5ac8 pc : snd_us428ctls_vm_fault+0x68/0x140 [snd_usb_usx2y] Call trace: snd_us428ctls_vm_fault+0x68/0x140 [snd_usb_usx2y] __do_fault __handle_mm_fault handle_mm_fault el0_da Reject any offset outside the shared region. The pcm hwdep handler in usx2yhwdeppcm.c computes its address the same way and needs the same bound. Discovered by XBOW, triaged by Baul Lee <baul.lee@xbow.com>
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < ad6fedea65c6e90eda00d716c8bf20cdc437ed10 (git)
Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 10a87401fb3148c388e55df0148295b3b137da07 (git)
Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 34ab56ed854baa73a731cfd99af689f0b1bac444 (git)
Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 4208db2453e1ea71b8048a5b7802360cb29a53f1 (git)
Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < f613b4a2d87247b51a1b2b330f2e083a454125f2 (git)
Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < f75d6f61f0d9c5c1ea725104014e10d26d1e3a00 (git)
Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 5bf5ccddf00b59f1e3ea7e65d76a5f5b5c21cc2e (git)
Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 2ca1eea3cd17930daffe9e429a7c89232036ec24 (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 2.6.12
Unaffected: 0 , < 2.6.12 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.10.266 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.216 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.183 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.152 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.104 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.45 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.1.9 , ≤ 7.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.2 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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{
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        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nALSA: usx2y: bound the hwdep mmap fault offset\n\nsnd_us428ctls_vm_fault() turns the faulting page offset into a kernel\naddress with no bound of any kind:\n\n\toffset = vmf-\u003epgoff \u003c\u003c PAGE_SHIFT;\n\tvaddr = (char *)(...)-\u003eus428ctls_sharedmem + offset;\n\tpage = virt_to_page(vaddr);\n\tget_page(page);\n\tvmf-\u003epage = page;\n\n\treturn 0;\n\nsnd_us428ctls_mmap() checks only the length of the mapping, never the\noffset, and us428ctls_sharedmem is a single page from\nalloc_pages_exact().  For a character device file_mmap_size_max()\nreturns ULONG_MAX, so the mm layer imposes no ceiling either.  Every page\noffset above zero resolves to a struct page outside the object, and the\nhandler installs it into the caller\u0027s address space read-write; the vma\nis not marked read-only.\n\nThe caller picks the page frame with a single mmap() argument and gets\nread-write access to a page of kernel memory it does not own; an offset\nthat lands in an unpopulated vmemmap region oopses instead.\n\nA process that can open the hwdep node of an attached US-X2Y reaches\nthis after loading the FPGA image through the same node; no capability\ncheck is involved.\n\nOn 7.2.0-rc5 (arm64), mmap() with a large offset:\n\n  Unable to handle kernel paging request at virtual address fffffdffc45d5ac8\n  pc : snd_us428ctls_vm_fault+0x68/0x140 [snd_usb_usx2y]\n  Call trace:\n   snd_us428ctls_vm_fault+0x68/0x140 [snd_usb_usx2y]\n   __do_fault\n   __handle_mm_fault\n   handle_mm_fault\n   el0_da\n\nReject any offset outside the shared region.  The pcm hwdep handler in\nusx2yhwdeppcm.c computes its address the same way and needs the same\nbound.\n\nDiscovered by XBOW, triaged by Baul Lee \u003cbaul.lee@xbow.com\u003e"
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
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            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - Exploitation requires local mmap() on the ALSA hwdep character device (/dev/snd/hwC*D*); the path is open\u2192SNDRV_HWDEP_IOCTL_DSP_LOAD\u2192mmap\u2192snd_us428ctls_vm_fault, with no network or remote packet handler involved.\nAC:L - The attacker fully controls the mmap() page offset (vmf-\u003epgoff); any offset beyond the single-page shared buffer deterministically maps an attacker-chosen kernel page read-write or oopses, with no race or uncontrollable memory-layout dependency.\nPR:L - The driver performs no capability checks on hwdep open, ioctl, or mmap; any unprivileged local user who can access the hwdep node (typically via the audio group on desktop distros) can reach the fault handler after loading the FPGA image.\nUI:N - All exploitation steps\u2014opening the hwdep node, loading FPGA firmware via DSP_LOAD ioctl, and mmap with a crafted offset\u2014are performed by the attacker; no discretionary victim action beyond the device being present in the environment is required.\nS:U - Impact is arbitrary read/write of host kernel memory leading to local privilege escalation within the same kernel security authority; it does not cross a VM, container, or IOMMU security boundary.\nC:H - Unbounded pgoff arithmetic maps arbitrary kernel struct pages into the attacker\u0027s address space; the VMA is not read-only, giving attacker-controlled read access to any reachable kernel page selected via the mmap offset.\nI:H - The same unbounded mmap fault path installs attacker-chosen kernel pages into a read-write userspace mapping, enabling arbitrary kernel memory writes and heap corruption primitives suitable for privilege escalation or code execution.\nA:H - Large mmap offsets dereference unpopulated vmemmap regions causing kernel paging faults and oops (demonstrated on arm64); arbitrary kernel page writes can also panic the system or destabilize the kernel."
            }
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      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-25T05:41:03.118Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ad6fedea65c6e90eda00d716c8bf20cdc437ed10"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/10a87401fb3148c388e55df0148295b3b137da07"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/34ab56ed854baa73a731cfd99af689f0b1bac444"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4208db2453e1ea71b8048a5b7802360cb29a53f1"
        },
        {
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        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2ca1eea3cd17930daffe9e429a7c89232036ec24"
        }
      ],
      "title": "ALSA: usx2y: bound the hwdep mmap fault offset",
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    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-74641",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-22T15:32:19.696Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-08-15T05:44:03.922Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-25T05:41:03.118Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-74641",
      "date": "2026-08-29",
      "epss": "0.00129",
      "percentile": "0.02872"
    },
    "microsoft_vex": {
      "current_release_date": "2026-08-24T14:45:19.000Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-74641",
      "id": "msrc_CVE-2026-74641",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-08-24T01:01:50.000Z",
      "product_status:known_affected": "1",
      "source": "Microsoft CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "ALSA: usx2y: bound the hwdep mmap fault offset",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/csaf/vex/2026/msrc_cve-2026-74641.json",
      "version": "2"
    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2026-74641\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"published\":\"2026-08-22T16:16:37.383\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-08-25T06:18:43.980\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Received\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\nALSA: usx2y: bound the hwdep mmap fault offset\\n\\nsnd_us428ctls_vm_fault() turns the faulting page offset into a kernel\\naddress with no bound of any kind:\\n\\n\\toffset = vmf-\u003epgoff \u003c\u003c PAGE_SHIFT;\\n\\tvaddr = (char *)(...)-\u003eus428ctls_sharedmem + offset;\\n\\tpage = virt_to_page(vaddr);\\n\\tget_page(page);\\n\\tvmf-\u003epage = page;\\n\\n\\treturn 0;\\n\\nsnd_us428ctls_mmap() checks only the length of the mapping, never the\\noffset, and us428ctls_sharedmem is a single page from\\nalloc_pages_exact().  For a character device file_mmap_size_max()\\nreturns ULONG_MAX, so the mm layer imposes no ceiling either.  Every page\\noffset above zero resolves to a struct page outside the object, and the\\nhandler installs it into the caller\u0027s address space read-write; the vma\\nis not marked read-only.\\n\\nThe caller picks the page frame with a single mmap() argument and gets\\nread-write access to a page of kernel memory it does not own; an offset\\nthat lands in an unpopulated vmemmap region oopses instead.\\n\\nA process that can open the hwdep node of an attached US-X2Y reaches\\nthis after loading the FPGA image through the same node; no capability\\ncheck is involved.\\n\\nOn 7.2.0-rc5 (arm64), mmap() with a large offset:\\n\\n  Unable to handle kernel paging request at virtual address fffffdffc45d5ac8\\n  pc : snd_us428ctls_vm_fault+0x68/0x140 [snd_usb_usx2y]\\n  Call trace:\\n   snd_us428ctls_vm_fault+0x68/0x140 [snd_usb_usx2y]\\n   __do_fault\\n   __handle_mm_fault\\n   handle_mm_fault\\n   el0_da\\n\\nReject any offset outside the shared region.  The pcm hwdep handler in\\nusx2yhwdeppcm.c computes its address the same way and needs the same\\nbound.\\n\\nDiscovered by XBOW, triaged by Baul Lee \u003cbaul.lee@xbow.com\u003e\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"programFiles\":[\"sound/usb/usx2y/usX2Yhwdep.c\",\"sound/usb/usx2y/usx2yhwdeppcm.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2\",\"lessThan\":\"ad6fedea65c6e90eda00d716c8bf20cdc437ed10\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2\",\"lessThan\":\"10a87401fb3148c388e55df0148295b3b137da07\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2\",\"lessThan\":\"34ab56ed854baa73a731cfd99af689f0b1bac444\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2\",\"lessThan\":\"4208db2453e1ea71b8048a5b7802360cb29a53f1\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2\",\"lessThan\":\"f613b4a2d87247b51a1b2b330f2e083a454125f2\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2\",\"lessThan\":\"f75d6f61f0d9c5c1ea725104014e10d26d1e3a00\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2\",\"lessThan\":\"5bf5ccddf00b59f1e3ea7e65d76a5f5b5c21cc2e\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2\",\"lessThan\":\"2ca1eea3cd17930daffe9e429a7c89232036ec24\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"affected\",\"programFiles\":[\"sound/usb/usx2y/usX2Yhwdep.c\",\"sound/usb/usx2y/usx2yhwdeppcm.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"2.6.12\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThan\":\"2.6.12\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.10.266\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.10.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.15.216\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.15.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.1.183\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.1.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.6.152\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.6.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.12.104\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.12.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.18.45\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.18.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"7.1.9\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"7.1.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"7.2\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"original_commit_for_fix\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":7.8,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"LOCAL\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":1.8,\"impactScore\":5.9}]},\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/10a87401fb3148c388e55df0148295b3b137da07\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2ca1eea3cd17930daffe9e429a7c89232036ec24\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/34ab56ed854baa73a731cfd99af689f0b1bac444\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4208db2453e1ea71b8048a5b7802360cb29a53f1\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5bf5ccddf00b59f1e3ea7e65d76a5f5b5c21cc2e\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ad6fedea65c6e90eda00d716c8bf20cdc437ed10\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f613b4a2d87247b51a1b2b330f2e083a454125f2\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f75d6f61f0d9c5c1ea725104014e10d26d1e3a00\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"}]}}",
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Important",
      "current_release_date": "2026-08-25T06:06:46+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-74641",
      "id": "CVE-2026-74641",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-08-22T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_affected": "260",
      "product_status:under_investigation": "14",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: ALSA: usx2y: bound the hwdep mmap fault offset",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-74641.json",
      "version": "3"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.