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              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerable code is reached via write() on the local RDMA uverbs character device (/dev/infiniband/uverbs*) dispatched through UAPI_DEF_WRITE_IO; it is not reachable over any network.\nAC:L - The attacker fully controls cmd.wqe_size and can reliably trigger the OOB read by simply setting wqe_size=1 (or the WARN with a huge value); no uncontrolled conditions are involved.\nPR:L - An unprivileged local user with access to the RDMA uverbs device (the normal case on RDMA-enabled systems, and obtainable via Soft-RoCE) can open a context, create a QP, and issue POST_SEND; no real-root privilege is required.\nUI:N - The command is issued directly by the attacker via a syscall; no action by any other user is needed.\nS:U - The OOB read and resulting impact remain within the kernel\u0027s own security authority; no crossing of a security boundary (VM/IOMMU/sandbox) occurs.\nC:H - The bug reads ~48 bytes of kernel heap memory beyond the undersized allocation, and the leaked values (e.g. wr_id) are returned to userspace via completion polling, giving a repeatable kernel-heap information disclosure.\nI:N - The defect is purely an out-of-bounds read; num_sge is bounded by the sge_count check, so no kernel memory is modified and there is no write primitive.\nA:H - An excessively large wqe_size triggers a WARNING in the allocator (syzkaller-reported), which becomes a kernel panic under the common panic_on_warn hardening, causing denial of service."
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1956f0a74ccf5dc9c3ef717f2985c3ed3400aab0"
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: nf_conncount: increase the connection clean up limit to 64\n\nAfter the optimization to only perform one GC per jiffy, a new problem\nwas introduced. If more than 8 new connections are tracked per jiffy the\nlist won\u0027t be cleaned up fast enough possibly reaching the limit\nwrongly.\n\nIn order to prevent this issue, only skip the GC if it was already\ntriggered during the same jiffy and the increment is lower than the\nclean up limit. In addition, increase the clean up limit to 64\nconnections to avoid triggering GC too often and do more effective GCs.\n\nThis has been tested using a HTTP server and several\nperformance tools while having nft_connlimit/xt_connlimit or OVS limit\nconfigured.\n\nOutput of slowhttptest + OVS limit at 52000 connections:\n\n slow HTTP test status on 340th second:\n initializing:        0\n pending:             432\n connected:           51998\n error:               0\n closed:              0\n service available:   YES"
        }
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              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:N - The code runs in a netfilter packet-processing hook (nft_connlimit/xt_connlimit/OVS limit); it is driven by connection packets from a remote peer, so the vulnerability is reachable over the network.\nAC:L - The attacker fully controls the trigger condition (generating more than 8 new connections per jiffy), which is trivially achievable with ordinary connection flooding and requires no conditions outside the attacker\u0027s control.\nPR:N - A remote attacker merely opening connections to a connlimit-protected service needs no authentication or privileges on the target system.\nUI:N - Exploitation requires only sending connection traffic; no victim interaction is needed.\nS:U - The faulty accounting and its effect stay within the kernel\u0027s network stack and the protected service; no security boundary is crossed.\nC:N - The bug is a connection-count accounting error with no memory disclosure or information leak of any kind.\nI:N - No attacker-controlled data is modified and there is no memory corruption; only the internal connection counter is transiently inaccurate.\nA:H - The inflated count causes the connlimit to reach its threshold prematurely, so legitimate new connections to the protected service are rejected; an attacker can sustain this to deny service (total loss of new-connection availability under a global/zone limit)."
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              "value": "AV:L - Exploitation requires local TTY control (TIOCSETD to N_HCI, HCIUARTSETPROTO ioctl, hangup/close) gated by CAP_NET_ADMIN at hci_uart_tty_open(); the bugs are in driver lifecycle teardown, not in processing of remote Bluetooth over-the-air packets.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of every race by concurrently opening/closing the TTY line discipline, issuing HCIUART ioctls, and timing hangup against in-flight workqueues and protocol timers; UAF conditions are reliably winnable without luck-dependent memory layout.\nPR:L - hci_uart_tty_open() explicitly requires CAP_NET_ADMIN, and adapter teardown paths are similarly admin-gated; CAP_NET_ADMIN is obtainable by an unprivileged user inside a user namespace, satisfying the Low privileges threshold rather than High.\nUI:N - Once the attacker has the required local TTY/HCI access, triggering the UAF or double-free races requires no action from a separate victim user.\nS:U - The vulnerability corrupts kernel heap memory within the kernel\u0027s own security boundary; successful exploitation yields kernel privilege escalation, not a cross-boundary escape such as VM or sandbox breakout.\nC:H - Multiple use-after-free conditions on the hci_uart and hci_dev structures allow dereferencing attacker-influenced freed memory, providing a standard kernel info-leak primitive consistent with UAF severity guidance.\nI:H - The UAF and hu-\u003etx_skb double-free races enable control of freed slab objects and heap grooming, providing a path to arbitrary kernel memory corruption and potential code execution in kernel context.\nA:H - Use-after-free and double-free in kernel workqueue and teardown paths reliably cause kernel oops or panic, and can be triggered repeatedly to deny availability of the affected system."
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                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-10-16T15:28:47.902686Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
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              {
                "cweId": "CWE-416",
                "description": "CWE-416 Use After Free",
                "lang": "en",
                "type": "CWE"
              }
            ]
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          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
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            "net/bluetooth/rfcomm/sock.c",
            "net/bluetooth/sco.c"
          ],
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      "descriptions": [
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          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nBluetooth: fix UAF in l2cap_sock_cleanup_listen() vs l2cap_conn_del()\n\nbt_accept_dequeue() unlinks a not-yet-accepted child from the parent\naccept queue and release_sock()s it before returning, so the returned\nsk has no caller reference and is unlocked.\n\nl2cap_sock_cleanup_listen() walks these children on listening-socket\nclose.  A concurrent HCI disconnect drives hci_rx_work -\u003e\nl2cap_conn_del() which runs l2cap_chan_del() + l2cap_sock_kill() and\nfrees the child sk and its l2cap_chan; cleanup_listen() then uses both:\n\n  BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in l2cap_sock_kill\n    l2cap_sock_kill / l2cap_sock_cleanup_listen / __x64_sys_close\n  Freed by: l2cap_conn_del -\u003e l2cap_sock_close_cb -\u003e l2cap_sock_kill\n\nThis is distinct from the two fixes already in this area: commit\ne83f5e24da741 (\"Bluetooth: serialize accept_q access\") serialises the\naccept_q list/poll and takes temporary refs inside bt_accept_dequeue(),\nand CVE-2025-39860 serialises the userspace close()/accept() race by\ncalling cleanup_listen() under lock_sock() in l2cap_sock_release().\nNeither covers l2cap_conn_del() running from hci_rx_work, so this UAF\nstill reproduces on current bluetooth/master.\n\nTake the reference at the source: bt_accept_dequeue() does sock_hold()\nwhile sk is still locked, before release_sock(); callers sock_put().\ncleanup_listen() pins the chan with l2cap_chan_hold_unless_zero() under\na brief child sk lock (serialising vs l2cap_sock_teardown_cb()), drops\nit before l2cap_chan_lock(), and skips a duplicate l2cap_sock_kill() on\nSOCK_DEAD.  conn-\u003elock is not taken here: cleanup_listen() runs under\nthe parent sk lock and that would invert\nconn-\u003elock -\u003e chan-\u003elock -\u003e sk_lock (lockdep).\n\nKASAN/SMP: an unprivileged listen/close vs HCI-disconnect race produced\n12 use-after-free reports per run before this change; 0, and no lockdep\nreport, over 1600+ raced iterations after it on bluetooth/master."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:A - The race is driven through Bluetooth L2CAP/HCI connection and disconnect handling from a nearby peer, so it is limited to Bluetooth-adjacent reachability rather than routable network access. The local listener/close side is accounted for in PR.\nAC:L - This is a race, but the attacker can reasonably control the listener close timing and the Bluetooth peer disconnect timing. The commit reports reliable unprivileged raced iterations, so no uncontrollable condition is required.\nPR:L - Creating, binding to a dynamic PSM, listening on, and closing non-raw L2CAP sockets does not require capabilities; only raw sockets or reserved PSMs need privileges. A basic unprivileged local user on the target can set up the vulnerable listener.\nUI:N - No victim user action is required once the attacker can run the unprivileged local setup and control the Bluetooth peer. The trigger is socket close racing HCI disconnect processing.\nS:U - The corruption is within the Linux kernel Bluetooth/socket subsystem and impacts the same kernel security authority. It is not a VM escape or cross-scope boundary bypass.\nC:H - The bug is a use-after-free of both the child sock and its l2cap_chan, and freed kernel heap objects can be reclaimed and used for disclosure primitives. Per kernel CVSS guidance, UAF memory corruption supports high confidentiality impact.\nI:H - The stale sock/channel pointers are used after l2cap_conn_del frees them, including through cleanup and kill paths, making heap grooming and control-flow or write-primitive exploitation plausible. Per guidance, UAF memory corruption supports high integrity impact.\nA:H - The observed failure is a KASAN slab-use-after-free in kernel Bluetooth cleanup, which can crash or oops the kernel. Repeated triggering can deny availability."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:35:06.665Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/751de6ec671fe75ad9cf65a0638d2a06b6a5984d"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/407217734835d21d4e0105ebf347860dc1806f88"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7eebd4c2c86f573af87ff165d08a83432eb0b919"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5d86d2f1b4d9a508c441d3e45277ae1a73cfed57"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/87c543e2f78d0871f271df92dab98901bbd5b6f5"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/added1213395071470a900cc845a042fb51882a6"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a5ca86a6097a8b030ca3226cd300b17ed330f966"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ab1513597c6cf17cd1ad2a21e3b045421b48e022"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Bluetooth: fix UAF in l2cap_sock_cleanup_listen() vs l2cap_conn_del()",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
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    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-53357",
    "datePublished": "2026-07-02T13:43:17.077Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-06-09T07:44:35.400Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-10-19T20:07:44.061Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

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        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nKVM: SVM: Fix page overflow in sev_dbg_crypt() for ENCRYPT path\n\nIn sev_dbg_crypt(), the per-iteration transfer length is bounded by\nthe source page offset (PAGE_SIZE - s_off) but not by the destination\npage offset (PAGE_SIZE - d_off).  When d_off \u003e s_off, the encrypt\npath (__sev_dbg_encrypt_user) performs a read-modify-write using a\nsingle-page intermediate buffer (dst_tpage):\n\n  1. __sev_dbg_decrypt() expands the size to round_up(len + (d_off \u0026 15), 16)\n     before issuing the PSP command.  If len + (d_off \u0026 15) \u003e PAGE_SIZE,\n     the PSP writes beyond the end of the 4096-byte dst_tpage allocation.\n\n  2. The subsequent memcpy()/copy_from_user() into\n     page_address(dst_tpage) + (d_off \u0026 15) of \u0027len\u0027 bytes overflows\n     by up to 15 bytes under the same condition.\n\nTrigger example: s_off = 0, d_off = 1, debug.len = PAGE_SIZE -\nthe PSP is instructed to write round_up(4097, 16) = 4112 bytes to\na 4096-byte buffer.\n\nFix by also bounding len by (PAGE_SIZE - d_off), the same check that\nsev_send_update_data() already performs for its single-page guest\nregion.\n\n ==================================================================\n BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in sev_dbg_crypt+0x993/0xd10 [kvm_amd]\n Write of size 4095 at addr ff110062293bb009 by task sev_dbg_test/228214\n\n CPU: 96 UID: 0 PID: 228214 Comm: sev_dbg_test Tainted: G     U  W           7.0.0-smp--5ce9b0c48211-dbg #156 PREEMPTLAZY\n Tainted: [U]=USER, [W]=WARN\n Hardware name: Google Astoria/astoria, BIOS 0.20250817.1-0 08/25/2025\n Call Trace:\n  \u003cTASK\u003e\n  dump_stack_lvl+0x54/0x70\n  print_report+0xbc/0x260\n  kasan_report+0xa2/0xd0\n  kasan_check_range+0x25f/0x2c0\n  __asan_memcpy+0x40/0x70\n  sev_dbg_crypt+0x993/0xd10 [kvm_amd]\n  sev_mem_enc_ioctl+0x33c/0x450 [kvm_amd]\n  kvm_vm_ioctl+0x65d/0x6d0 [kvm]\n  __se_sys_ioctl+0xb2/0x100\n  do_syscall_64+0xe8/0x870\n  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53\n  \u003c/TASK\u003e\n\n The buggy address belongs to the physical page:\n page: refcount:1 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x7fe72b6a0 pfn:0x62293bb\n memcg:ff11000112827d82\n flags: 0x1400000000000000(node=1|zone=1)\n raw: 1400000000000000 0000000000000000 dead000000000122 0000000000000000\n raw: 00000007fe72b6a0 0000000000000000 00000001ffffffff ff11000112827d82\n page dumped because: kasan: bad access detected\n\n Memory state around the buggy address:\n  ff110062293bbf00: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00\n  ff110062293bbf80: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00\n \u003eff110062293bc000: fa fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc\n                    ^\n  ff110062293bc080: fa fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc\n  ff110062293bc100: fa fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc\n ==================================================================\n Disabling lock debugging due to kernel taint\n\n[sean: add sample KASAN splat, Fixes, and stable@]"
        }
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        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-17T04:50:58.924Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
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