RHSA-2026:43575
Vulnerability from csaf_redhat - Published: 2026-07-22 14:42 - Updated: 2026-11-11 19:05Summary
Red Hat Security Advisory: gnutls security update
Severity
Moderate
Notes
Topic: An update for gnutls is now available for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Extended Lifecycle Support.
Red Hat Product Security has rated this update as having a security impact of Moderate. A Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) base score, which gives a detailed severity rating, is available for each vulnerability from the CVE link(s) in the References section.
Details: The gnutls packages provide the GNU Transport Layer Security (GnuTLS) library, which implements cryptographic algorithms and protocols such as SSL, TLS, and DTLS.
Security Fix(es):
* gnutls: GnuTLS: Policy bypass due to case-sensitive nameConstraints comparison (CVE-2026-3833)
* gnutls: gnutls: Security bypass due to incorrect name constraint handling (CVE-2026-42011)
* gnutls: gnutls: Certificate validation bypass due to improper handling of URI and SRV SANs (CVE-2026-42012)
* gnutls: gnutls: Certificate validation bypass due to oversized Subject Alternative Name (CVE-2026-42013)
* gnutls: Fix use-after-free in gnutls_pkcs11_token_set_pin (CVE-2026-42014)
* gnutls: gnutls: Memory corruption due to off-by-one error in PKCS#12 bag handling (CVE-2026-42015)
For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.
Terms of Use: This content is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). If you distribute this content, or a modified version of it, you must provide attribution to Red Hat Inc. and provide a link to the original.
A flaw was found in gnutls. This vulnerability occurs because gnutls performs case-sensitive comparisons of `nameConstraints` labels, specifically for `dNSName` (DNS) or `rfc822Name` (email) constraints within `excludedSubtrees` or `permittedSubtrees`. A remote attacker can exploit this by crafting a leaf certificate with casing differences in the Subject Alternative Name (SAN), leading to a policy bypass where a certificate that should be rejected is instead accepted. This could result in unauthorized access or information disclosure.
6.5 (Medium)
Affected products
Fixed
33 products
| Product | Identifier | Version | Remediation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unresolved product id: 7Server-ELS:gnutls-0:3.3.29-9.el7_9.2.i686 | — |
Vendor Fix
fix
Workaround
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| Unresolved product id: 7Server-ELS:gnutls-0:3.3.29-9.el7_9.2.ppc | — |
Vendor Fix
fix
Workaround
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|
| Unresolved product id: 7Server-ELS:gnutls-0:3.3.29-9.el7_9.2.ppc64 | — |
Vendor Fix
fix
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|
| Unresolved product id: 7Server-ELS:gnutls-0:3.3.29-9.el7_9.2.ppc64le | — |
Vendor Fix
fix
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|
|
| Unresolved product id: 7Server-ELS:gnutls-0:3.3.29-9.el7_9.2.s390 | — |
Vendor Fix
fix
Workaround
|
|
| Unresolved product id: 7Server-ELS:gnutls-0:3.3.29-9.el7_9.2.s390x | — |
Vendor Fix
fix
Workaround
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|
| Unresolved product id: 7Server-ELS:gnutls-0:3.3.29-9.el7_9.2.src | — |
Vendor Fix
fix
Workaround
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|
| Unresolved product id: 7Server-ELS:gnutls-0:3.3.29-9.el7_9.2.x86_64 | — |
Vendor Fix
fix
Workaround
|
|
| Unresolved product id: 7Server-ELS:gnutls-c++-0:3.3.29-9.el7_9.2.i686 | — |
Vendor Fix
fix
Workaround
|
|
| Unresolved product id: 7Server-ELS:gnutls-c++-0:3.3.29-9.el7_9.2.ppc | — |
Vendor Fix
fix
Workaround
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|
| Unresolved product id: 7Server-ELS:gnutls-c++-0:3.3.29-9.el7_9.2.ppc64 | — |
Vendor Fix
fix
Workaround
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|
| Unresolved product id: 7Server-ELS:gnutls-c++-0:3.3.29-9.el7_9.2.ppc64le | — |
Vendor Fix
fix
Workaround
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|
| Unresolved product id: 7Server-ELS:gnutls-c++-0:3.3.29-9.el7_9.2.s390 | — |
Vendor Fix
fix
Workaround
|
|
| Unresolved product id: 7Server-ELS:gnutls-c++-0:3.3.29-9.el7_9.2.s390x | — |
Vendor Fix
fix
Workaround
|
|
| Unresolved product id: 7Server-ELS:gnutls-c++-0:3.3.29-9.el7_9.2.x86_64 | — |
Vendor Fix
fix
Workaround
|
|
| Unresolved product id: 7Server-ELS:gnutls-dane-0:3.3.29-9.el7_9.2.i686 | — |
Vendor Fix
fix
Workaround
|
|
| Unresolved product id: 7Server-ELS:gnutls-dane-0:3.3.29-9.el7_9.2.ppc | — |
Vendor Fix
fix
Workaround
|
|
| Unresolved product id: 7Server-ELS:gnutls-dane-0:3.3.29-9.el7_9.2.ppc64 | — |
Vendor Fix
fix
Workaround
|
|
| Unresolved product id: 7Server-ELS:gnutls-dane-0:3.3.29-9.el7_9.2.ppc64le | — |
Vendor Fix
fix
Workaround
|
|
| Unresolved product id: 7Server-ELS:gnutls-dane-0:3.3.29-9.el7_9.2.s390 | — |
Vendor Fix
fix
Workaround
|
|
| Unresolved product id: 7Server-ELS:gnutls-dane-0:3.3.29-9.el7_9.2.s390x | — |
Vendor Fix
fix
Workaround
|
|
| Unresolved product id: 7Server-ELS:gnutls-dane-0:3.3.29-9.el7_9.2.x86_64 | — |
Vendor Fix
fix
Workaround
|
|
| Unresolved product id: 7Server-ELS:gnutls-devel-0:3.3.29-9.el7_9.2.i686 | — |
Vendor Fix
fix
Workaround
|
|
| Unresolved product id: 7Server-ELS:gnutls-devel-0:3.3.29-9.el7_9.2.ppc | — |
Vendor Fix
fix
Workaround
|
|
| Unresolved product id: 7Server-ELS:gnutls-devel-0:3.3.29-9.el7_9.2.ppc64 | — |
Vendor Fix
fix
Workaround
|
|
| Unresolved product id: 7Server-ELS:gnutls-devel-0:3.3.29-9.el7_9.2.ppc64le | — |
Vendor Fix
fix
Workaround
|
|
| Unresolved product id: 7Server-ELS:gnutls-devel-0:3.3.29-9.el7_9.2.s390 | — |
Vendor Fix
fix
Workaround
|
|
| Unresolved product id: 7Server-ELS:gnutls-devel-0:3.3.29-9.el7_9.2.s390x | — |
Vendor Fix
fix
Workaround
|
|
| Unresolved product id: 7Server-ELS:gnutls-devel-0:3.3.29-9.el7_9.2.x86_64 | — |
Vendor Fix
fix
Workaround
|
|
| Unresolved product id: 7Server-ELS:gnutls-utils-0:3.3.29-9.el7_9.2.ppc64 | — |
Vendor Fix
fix
Workaround
|
|
| Unresolved product id: 7Server-ELS:gnutls-utils-0:3.3.29-9.el7_9.2.ppc64le | — |
Vendor Fix
fix
Workaround
|
|
| Unresolved product id: 7Server-ELS:gnutls-utils-0:3.3.29-9.el7_9.2.s390x | — |
Vendor Fix
fix
Workaround
|
|
| Unresolved product id: 7Server-ELS:gnutls-utils-0:3.3.29-9.el7_9.2.x86_64 | — |
Vendor Fix
fix
Workaround
|
Known not affected
7 products
| Product | Identifier | Version | Remediation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unresolved product id: 7Server-ELS:gnutls-debuginfo-0:3.3.29-9.el7_9.2.i686 | — |
Workaround
|
|
| Unresolved product id: 7Server-ELS:gnutls-debuginfo-0:3.3.29-9.el7_9.2.ppc | — |
Workaround
|
|
| Unresolved product id: 7Server-ELS:gnutls-debuginfo-0:3.3.29-9.el7_9.2.ppc64 | — |
Workaround
|
|
| Unresolved product id: 7Server-ELS:gnutls-debuginfo-0:3.3.29-9.el7_9.2.ppc64le | — |
Workaround
|
|
| Unresolved product id: 7Server-ELS:gnutls-debuginfo-0:3.3.29-9.el7_9.2.s390 | — |
Workaround
|
|
| Unresolved product id: 7Server-ELS:gnutls-debuginfo-0:3.3.29-9.el7_9.2.s390x | — |
Workaround
|
|
| Unresolved product id: 7Server-ELS:gnutls-debuginfo-0:3.3.29-9.el7_9.2.x86_64 | — |
Workaround
|
Threats
Impact
Moderate
A flaw was found in gnutls. This vulnerability occurs because permitted name constraints were incorrectly ignored when previous Certificate Authorities (CAs) only had excluded name constraints. A remote attacker could exploit this to bypass critical name constraint checks during certificate validation. This bypass could lead to the acceptance of invalid certificates, potentially enabling spoofing or man-in-the-middle attacks against affected systems.
7.4 (High)
Affected products
Fixed
33 products, the same list as for
CVE-2026-3833
Known not affected
7 products, the same list as for
CVE-2026-3833
Threats
Impact
Moderate
A flaw was found in gnutls. A remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability by presenting a specially crafted certificate that contains Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) or Service (SRV) Subject Alternative Names (SANs). This could cause the certificate validation process to incorrectly fall back to checking DNS hostnames against the Common Name (CN), potentially allowing the attacker to spoof legitimate services or intercept sensitive information.
7.1 (High)
Affected products
Fixed
33 products, the same list as for
CVE-2026-3833
Known not affected
7 products, the same list as for
CVE-2026-3833
Threats
Impact
Moderate
A flaw was found in gnutls. When validating certificates, an oversized Subject Alternative Name (SAN) could cause the validation process to incorrectly fall back to checking the Common Name (CN) field. This could allow a remote attacker to bypass proper certificate validation, potentially leading to spoofing or man-in-the-middle attacks.
8.2 (High)
Affected products
Fixed
33 products, the same list as for
CVE-2026-3833
Known not affected
7 products, the same list as for
CVE-2026-3833
Threats
Impact
Moderate
A flaw was found in GnuTLS. The `gnutls_pkcs11_token_set_pin` function, used for changing the Security Officer PIN, can lead to a use-after-free vulnerability. This occurs when an attacker attempts to change the PIN with a NULL old PIN for a token that lacks a protected authentication path.
6.6 (Medium)
Affected products
Fixed
33 products, the same list as for
CVE-2026-3833
Known not affected
7 products, the same list as for
CVE-2026-3833
Threats
Impact
Moderate
A flaw was found in gnutls. An off-by-one error exists in the PKCS#12 bag element bounds check. This vulnerability allows an remote attacker to write past the internal array of a PKCS#12 bag when appending to a bag that already contains 32 elements. This memory corruption could lead to a denial of service (DoS) or potentially other unspecified impacts.
5.3 (Medium)
Affected products
Fixed
33 products, the same list as for
CVE-2026-3833
Known not affected
7 products, the same list as for
CVE-2026-3833
Threats
Impact
Moderate
References
40 references
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"text": "gnutls: GnuTLS: Policy bypass due to case-sensitive nameConstraints comparison",
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{
"category": "description",
"text": "A flaw was found in gnutls. This vulnerability occurs because permitted name constraints were incorrectly ignored when previous Certificate Authorities (CAs) only had excluded name constraints. A remote attacker could exploit this to bypass critical name constraint checks during certificate validation. This bypass could lead to the acceptance of invalid certificates, potentially enabling spoofing or man-in-the-middle attacks against affected systems.",
"title": "Vulnerability description"
},
{
"category": "summary",
"text": "gnutls: gnutls: Security bypass due to incorrect name constraint handling",
"title": "Vulnerability summary"
},
{
"category": "general",
"text": "The CVSS score(s) listed for this vulnerability do not reflect the associated product\u0027s status, and are included for informational purposes to better understand the severity of this vulnerability.",
"title": "CVSS score applicability"
}
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"title": "gnutls: gnutls: Security bypass due to incorrect name constraint handling"
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{
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"names": [
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"organization": "1Seal"
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"name": "Improper Certificate Validation"
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"text": "2467441"
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{
"category": "description",
"text": "A flaw was found in gnutls. A remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability by presenting a specially crafted certificate that contains Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) or Service (SRV) Subject Alternative Names (SANs). This could cause the certificate validation process to incorrectly fall back to checking DNS hostnames against the Common Name (CN), potentially allowing the attacker to spoof legitimate services or intercept sensitive information.",
"title": "Vulnerability description"
},
{
"category": "summary",
"text": "gnutls: gnutls: Certificate validation bypass due to improper handling of URI and SRV SANs",
"title": "Vulnerability summary"
},
{
"category": "other",
"text": "This vulnerability is rated as Moderate severity because exploitation requires an active man-in-the-middle position or tricking a client into connecting to a rogue endpoint, along with obtaining a validly signed certificate containing specialized SAN fields. While GnuTLS is widely deployed across Red Hat products as a core cryptographic library, the impact is limited to hostname verification spoofing under specific certificate configurations. The issue does not permit remote code execution or direct compromise of the underlying system.",
"title": "Statement"
},
{
"category": "general",
"text": "The CVSS score(s) listed for this vulnerability do not reflect the associated product\u0027s status, and are included for informational purposes to better understand the severity of this vulnerability.",
"title": "CVSS score applicability"
}
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{
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"confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
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"title": "gnutls: gnutls: Certificate validation bypass due to improper handling of URI and SRV SANs"
},
{
"acknowledgments": [
{
"names": [
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],
"organization": "Stella"
},
{
"names": [
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],
"organization": "AISLE Research Team"
}
],
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"cwe": {
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"name": "Improper Certificate Validation"
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"ids": [
{
"system_name": "Red Hat Bugzilla ID",
"text": "2467448"
}
],
"notes": [
{
"category": "description",
"text": "A flaw was found in gnutls. When validating certificates, an oversized Subject Alternative Name (SAN) could cause the validation process to incorrectly fall back to checking the Common Name (CN) field. This could allow a remote attacker to bypass proper certificate validation, potentially leading to spoofing or man-in-the-middle attacks.",
"title": "Vulnerability description"
},
{
"category": "summary",
"text": "gnutls: gnutls: Certificate validation bypass due to oversized Subject Alternative Name",
"title": "Vulnerability summary"
},
{
"category": "other",
"text": "This vulnerability is rated as having a Moderate impact across affected Red Hat products because successful exploitation requires an active man-in-the-middle network position as well as a certificate issued by a trusted authority matching the target hostname\u0027s Common Name. Although TLS clients using GnuTLS on Red Hat Enterprise Linux and OpenShift are susceptible to improper certificate acceptance under these conditions, modern certificate authorities rarely issue certificates that omit valid Subject Alternative Names, substantially restricting practical threat vectors. Applications functioning exclusively as TLS servers or utilizing alternative cryptographic libraries like OpenSSL are not exposed to this flaw.",
"title": "Statement"
},
{
"category": "general",
"text": "The CVSS score(s) listed for this vulnerability do not reflect the associated product\u0027s status, and are included for informational purposes to better understand the severity of this vulnerability.",
"title": "CVSS score applicability"
}
],
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{
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},
{
"category": "external",
"summary": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-42013",
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},
{
"category": "external",
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"details": "For details on how to apply this update, which includes the changes described in this advisory, refer to:\n\nhttps://access.redhat.com/articles/11258",
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"confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
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{
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"details": "Moderate"
}
],
"title": "gnutls: gnutls: Certificate validation bypass due to oversized Subject Alternative Name"
},
{
"acknowledgments": [
{
"names": [
"Luigino Camastra"
]
},
{
"names": [
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],
"organization": "AISLE Research Team"
}
],
"cve": "CVE-2026-42014",
"cwe": {
"id": "CWE-825",
"name": "Expired Pointer Dereference"
},
"discovery_date": "2026-05-06T19:51:54.069000+00:00",
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"ids": [
{
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"text": "2467451"
}
],
"notes": [
{
"category": "description",
"text": "A flaw was found in GnuTLS. The `gnutls_pkcs11_token_set_pin` function, used for changing the Security Officer PIN, can lead to a use-after-free vulnerability. This occurs when an attacker attempts to change the PIN with a NULL old PIN for a token that lacks a protected authentication path.",
"title": "Vulnerability description"
},
{
"category": "summary",
"text": "gnutls: gnutls: Use-after-free in gnutls_pkcs11_token_set_pin",
"title": "Vulnerability summary"
},
{
"category": "other",
"text": "This vulnerability is rated as having a Moderate impact because exploitation requires local access and is confined to administrative token maintenance routines, primarily resulting in application crashes. While GnuTLS is broadly deployed across Red Hat Enterprise Linux, the vulnerable code path is only triggered when managing PKCS#11 hardware tokens or smart cards lacking a protected authentication mechanism. Standard TLS client and server network communications across Red Hat products are not affected by this flaw.",
"title": "Statement"
},
{
"category": "general",
"text": "The CVSS score(s) listed for this vulnerability do not reflect the associated product\u0027s status, and are included for informational purposes to better understand the severity of this vulnerability.",
"title": "CVSS score applicability"
}
],
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{
"category": "external",
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{
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"title": "gnutls: gnutls: Use-after-free in gnutls_pkcs11_token_set_pin"
},
{
"acknowledgments": [
{
"names": [
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]
}
],
"cve": "CVE-2026-42015",
"cwe": {
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"name": "Off-by-one Error"
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"discovery_date": "2026-05-07T10:50:28.379000+00:00",
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"ids": [
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"notes": [
{
"category": "description",
"text": "A flaw was found in gnutls. An off-by-one error exists in the PKCS#12 bag element bounds check. This vulnerability allows an remote attacker to write past the internal array of a PKCS#12 bag when appending to a bag that already contains 32 elements. This memory corruption could lead to a denial of service (DoS) or potentially other unspecified impacts.",
"title": "Vulnerability description"
},
{
"category": "summary",
"text": "gnutls: gnutls: Memory corruption due to off-by-one error in PKCS#12 bag handling",
"title": "Vulnerability summary"
},
{
"category": "other",
"text": "This vulnerability is rated as Moderate impact because triggering the out-of-bounds write requires an application to parse or manipulate specially crafted PKCS#12 containers containing multiple bag elements, primarily resulting in a denial of service. Standard TLS network handshakes on Red Hat Enterprise Linux do not process PKCS#12 files by default. Consequently, only workloads or administrative tools configured to import or inspect untrusted certificate packages are exposed to potential memory corruption or crashes.",
"title": "Statement"
},
{
"category": "general",
"text": "The CVSS score(s) listed for this vulnerability do not reflect the associated product\u0027s status, and are included for informational purposes to better understand the severity of this vulnerability.",
"title": "CVSS score applicability"
}
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},
"references": [
{
"category": "self",
"summary": "Canonical URL",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-42015"
},
{
"category": "external",
"summary": "RHBZ#2467678",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2467678"
},
{
"category": "external",
"summary": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-42015",
"url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-42015"
},
{
"category": "external",
"summary": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-42015",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-42015"
},
{
"category": "external",
"summary": "https://www.gnutls.org/security-new.html#GNUTLS-SA-2026-04-29-11",
"url": "https://www.gnutls.org/security-new.html#GNUTLS-SA-2026-04-29-11"
}
],
"release_date": "2026-04-29T00:00:00+00:00",
"remediations": [
{
"category": "vendor_fix",
"date": "2026-07-22T14:42:59+00:00",
"details": "For details on how to apply this update, which includes the changes described in this advisory, refer to:\n\nhttps://access.redhat.com/articles/11258",
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"restart_required": {
"category": "none"
},
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:43575"
},
{
"category": "workaround",
"details": "Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base, or stability.",
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"scores": [
{
"cvss_v3": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "LOW",
"baseScore": 5.3,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"integrityImpact": "NONE",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"version": "3.1"
},
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],
"threats": [
{
"category": "impact",
"details": "Moderate"
}
],
"title": "gnutls: gnutls: Memory corruption due to off-by-one error in PKCS#12 bag handling"
}
]
}
Loading…
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Drag nodes to arrange them. Double-click a related vulnerability to open it, or a source to visit its link. The Physics button on the left tunes the layout and the simulation; the legend at the bottom left hides or shows nodes by kind and by sighting type.
Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline
Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC
How durations are calculated
Following the VTEM framework (Black Hat USA 2015), time to patch starts when the vendor or a coordinator was informed, total time to patch at discovery, and disclosure to patch at public disclosure; vendor response time runs from the report to its acknowledgement. Time to exploit and time unpatched start at the earliest discovery or report, falling back to public disclosure. Unpatched time ends at the first recorded patch, or the calculation time when no patch is recorded. Exploitation to patch shows the interval between those two events; a published proof of concept is a public exploit, not exploitation.
Each result shows its source dates. A negative interval means the end event came first; when date-only inputs leave the order open, the result says so. Date-only inputs are approximate. The earliest evidence wins: KEV report dates and sightings are labelled as such. Records describing another vulnerability are listed but never calculated from, and a PoC alone does not establish exploitation. Missing patch evidence does not prove that no patch exists. Filters below change the event list only.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.