CWE-601
URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
The web application accepts a user-controlled input that specifies a link to an external site, and uses that link in a redirect.
CVE-2025-4513 (GCVE-0-2025-4513)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-10 19:31 – Updated: 2025-05-12 14:22- CWE-601 - Open Redirect
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.308233 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.308233 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.564090 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/Cyber-Wo0dy/report/blob/main/m… | exploit |
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Catalyst | User Key Authentication Plugin |
Affected:
20220819
|
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CVE-2025-46553 (GCVE-0-2025-46553)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-05 18:28 – Updated: 2025-05-05 18:50| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/misskey-dev/summaly/security/a… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/misskey-dev/summaly/commit/451… | x_refsource_MISC |
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| misskey-dev | summaly |
Affected:
>= 3.0.1, < 5.2.1
|
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CVE-2025-46826 (GCVE-0-2025-46826)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-07 21:32 – Updated: 2025-05-08 13:42- CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/INSAgenda/insa-auth/security/a… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/INSAgenda/insa-auth/commit/8c1… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/INSAgenda/insa-auth/commit/b0e… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/INSAgenda/insa-auth/commit/c77… | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2025-47454 (GCVE-0-2025-47454)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-07 14:19 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:12- CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/… | vdb-entry |
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| CRM Perks | WP Gravity Forms Dynamics CRM |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.1.4
(custom)
|
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CVE-2025-47455 (GCVE-0-2025-47455)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-07 14:19 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:12- CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/… | vdb-entry |
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| CRM Perks | Integration for WooCommerce and Salesforce |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.7.5
(custom)
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CVE-2025-47456 (GCVE-0-2025-47456)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-07 14:19 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:12- CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/… | vdb-entry |
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| CRM Perks | WP Gravity Forms Zendesk |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.1.2
(custom)
|
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CVE-2025-47644 (GCVE-0-2025-47644)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-07 14:20 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:12- CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/… | vdb-entry |
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| formsintegrations | Integrations of Zoho CRM with Elementor form |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.0.8
(custom)
|
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CVE-2025-47789 (GCVE-0-2025-47789)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-15 19:50 – Updated: 2025-05-16 14:51- CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/horilla-opensource/horilla/sec… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/horilla-opensource/horilla/com… | x_refsource_MISC |
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| horilla-opensource | horilla |
Affected:
<= 1.3
|
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CVE-2025-47890 (GCVE-0-2025-47890)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-14 15:22 – Updated: 2026-01-15 14:37- CWE-601 - Improper access control
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fortinet | FortiSASE |
Affected:
25.2.a
cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortisase:25.2.a:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| Fortinet | FortiProxy |
Affected:
7.6.0 , ≤ 7.6.3
(semver)
Affected: 7.4.0 , ≤ 7.4.12 (semver) Affected: 7.2.0 , ≤ 7.2.15 (semver) Affected: 7.0.0 , ≤ 7.0.22 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.6.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.6.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.6.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.6.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.4.12:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.4.11:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.4.10:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.4.9:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.4.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.4.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.4.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.4.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.4.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.4.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.4.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.4.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.4.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.2.15:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.2.14:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.2.13:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.2.12:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.2.11:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.2.10:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.2.9:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.2.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.2.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.2.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.2.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.2.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.2.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.2.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.2.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.2.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.22:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.21:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.20:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.19:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.18:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.17:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.16:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.15:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.14:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.13:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.12:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.11:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.10:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.9:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortiproxy:7.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| Fortinet | FortiOS |
Affected:
7.6.0 , ≤ 7.6.2
(semver)
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CVE-2025-4838 (GCVE-0-2025-4838)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-17 21:31 – Updated: 2025-05-19 14:35- CWE-601 - Open Redirect
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.309306 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.309306 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.574825 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/ShenxiuSec/cve-proofs/blob/mai… | exploit |
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| kanwangzjm | Funiture |
Affected:
71ca0fb0658b3d839d9e049ac36429207f05329b
|
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}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "reporter",
"value": "ShenxiuSecurity (VulDB User)"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, was found in kanwangzjm Funiture up to 71ca0fb0658b3d839d9e049ac36429207f05329b. Affected is the function doPost of the file /funiture-master/src/main/java/com/app/mvc/acl/servlet/LoginServlet.java of the component Login. The manipulation of the argument ret leads to open redirect. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Continious delivery with rolling releases is used by this product. Therefore, no version details of affected nor updated releases are available."
},
{
"lang": "de",
"value": "Es wurde eine Schwachstelle in kanwangzjm Funiture bis 71ca0fb0658b3d839d9e049ac36429207f05329b gefunden. Sie wurde als problematisch eingestuft. Hiervon betroffen ist die Funktion doPost der Datei /funiture-master/src/main/java/com/app/mvc/acl/servlet/LoginServlet.java der Komponente Login. Durch Manipulieren des Arguments ret mit unbekannten Daten kann eine open redirect-Schwachstelle ausgenutzt werden. Der Angriff kann \u00fcber das Netzwerk angegangen werden. Der Exploit steht zur \u00f6ffentlichen Verf\u00fcgung. Dieses Produkt verzichtet auf eine Versionierung und verwendet stattdessen Rolling Releases. Deshalb sind keine Details zu betroffenen oder zu aktualisierende Versionen vorhanden."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"baseScore": 5.3,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0"
}
},
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 4.3,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
}
},
{
"cvssV3_0": {
"baseScore": 4.3,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"version": "3.0"
}
},
{
"cvssV2_0": {
"baseScore": 5,
"vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N",
"version": "2.0"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-601",
"description": "Open Redirect",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-05-17T21:31:04.058Z",
"orgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
"shortName": "VulDB"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "VDB-309306 | kanwangzjm Funiture Login LoginServlet.java doPost redirect",
"tags": [
"vdb-entry",
"technical-description"
],
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.309306"
},
{
"name": "VDB-309306 | CTI Indicators (IOB, IOC, TTP, IOA)",
"tags": [
"signature",
"permissions-required"
],
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.309306"
},
{
"name": "Submit #574825 | kanwangzjm funiture master branch Open Redirect",
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.574825"
},
{
"tags": [
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://github.com/ShenxiuSec/cve-proofs/blob/main/POC-20250510-01.md"
}
],
"timeline": [
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2025-05-16T00:00:00.000Z",
"value": "Advisory disclosed"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2025-05-16T02:00:00.000Z",
"value": "VulDB entry created"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2025-05-16T16:42:56.000Z",
"value": "VulDB entry last update"
}
],
"title": "kanwangzjm Funiture Login LoginServlet.java doPost redirect"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
"assignerShortName": "VulDB",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-4838",
"datePublished": "2025-05-17T21:31:04.058Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-05-16T14:37:53.248Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-05-19T14:35:13.558Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
Mitigation ID: MIT-5
Phase: Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Description:
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- Use a list of approved URLs or domains to be used for redirection.
Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- Use an intermediate disclaimer page that provides the user with a clear warning that they are leaving the current site. Implement a long timeout before the redirect occurs, or force the user to click on the link. Be careful to avoid XSS problems (CWE-79) when generating the disclaimer page.
Mitigation ID: MIT-21.2
Phase: Architecture and Design
Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion
Description:
- When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
- For example, ID 1 could map to "/login.asp" and ID 2 could map to "http://www.example.com/". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-45] provide this capability.
Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- Ensure that no externally-supplied requests are honored by requiring that all redirect requests include a unique nonce generated by the application [REF-483]. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330).
Mitigation ID: MIT-6
Phases: Architecture and Design, Implementation
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
Description:
- Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
- Many open redirect problems occur because the programmer assumed that certain inputs could not be modified, such as cookies and hidden form fields.
Mitigation ID: MIT-29
Phase: Operation
Strategy: Firewall
Description:
- Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
CAPEC-178: Cross-Site Flashing
An attacker is able to trick the victim into executing a Flash document that passes commands or calls to a Flash player browser plugin, allowing the attacker to exploit native Flash functionality in the client browser. This attack pattern occurs where an attacker can provide a crafted link to a Flash document (SWF file) which, when followed, will cause additional malicious instructions to be executed. The attacker does not need to serve or control the Flash document. The attack takes advantage of the fact that Flash files can reference external URLs. If variables that serve as URLs that the Flash application references can be controlled through parameters, then by creating a link that includes values for those parameters, an attacker can cause arbitrary content to be referenced and possibly executed by the targeted Flash application.