CWE-787
Weakness Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
Dimensions
- Behavior-Type: Write
- Resource-Type: Memory Buffer
- Resource-Property: Out-of-bounds
Mapping guidance
This CWE entry is at the Base level of abstraction, which is a preferred level of abstraction for mapping to the root causes of vulnerabilities. However, closer examination is required.
While this CWE is allowed for mapping, it has more specific children that might be a better fit. Carefully read both the name and description to ensure that this mapping is appropriate. Consider the root cause errors that have led to the out-of-bounds write by examining "CanFollow" relationships for this entry.
Relationships and members
Modes of introduction
Detection methods
Automated Static Analysis
This weakness can often be detected using automated static analysis tools. Many modern tools use data flow analysis or constraint-based techniques to minimize the number of false positives.
Automated static analysis generally does not account for environmental considerations when reporting out-of-bounds memory operations. This can make it difficult for users to determine which warnings should be investigated first. For example, an analysis tool might report buffer overflows that originate from command line arguments in a program that is not expected to run with setuid or other special privileges.
Effectiveness: High
Detection techniques for buffer-related errors are more mature than for most other weakness types.
Automated Dynamic Analysis
This weakness can be detected using dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the software using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The software's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
Automated Dynamic Analysis
Use tools that are integrated during compilation to insert runtime error-checking mechanisms related to memory safety errors, such as AddressSanitizer (ASan) for C/C++ [REF-1518].
Effectiveness: Moderate
Crafted inputs are necessary to reach the code containing the error, such as generated by fuzzers. Also, these tools may reduce performance, and they only report the error condition - not the original mistake that led to the error.
Content history
Suggested mappings to ISA/IEC 62443.
Provided diagram to improve CWE usability
updated Demonstrative_Examples
updated Relationships
updated Common_Consequences
updated Demonstrative_Examples
updated Relationships
updated Description
updated Applicable_Platforms, Demonstrative_Examples, Detection_Factors, Likelihood_of_Exploit, Observed_Examples, Potential_Mitigations, References, Relationships, Time_of_Introduction
updated Observed_Examples, Relationships
updated Observed_Examples
updated Alternate_Terms, Demonstrative_Examples, Observed_Examples, Relationships
updated Relationships
updated Demonstrative_Examples
updated Demonstrative_Examples, Potential_Mitigations, Relationships
updated Observed_Examples, Relationships
updated Applicable_Platforms
updated Alternate_Terms, Demonstrative_Examples, Description
updated Potential_Mitigations, References, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings
updated Mapping_Notes, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings
updated Demonstrative_Examples
updated Alternate_Terms, Common_Consequences, Description, Diagram, Weakness_Ordinalities
updated Observed_Examples, Relationships
updated Observed_Examples, Relationships
updated Affected_Resources, Functional_Areas, References
updated Applicable_Platforms, Detection_Factors, References, Relationships
updated Mapping_Notes
updated Dimensions, Observed_Examples, References, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings
17069 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-VR6J-92C6-9P78
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-27 15:31 – Updated: 2025-09-19 18:31In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
clk: clk-loongson2: Fix memory corruption bug in struct loongson2_clk_provider
Some heap space is allocated for the flexible structure struct
clk_hw_onecell_data and its flexible-array member hws through
the composite structure struct loongson2_clk_provider in function
loongson2_clk_probe(), as shown below:
289 struct loongson2_clk_provider *clp; ... 296 for (p = data; p->name; p++) 297 clks_num++; 298 299 clp = devm_kzalloc(dev, struct_size(clp, clk_data.hws, clks_num), 300 GFP_KERNEL);
Then some data is written into the flexible array:
350 clp->clk_data.hws[p->id] = hw;
This corrupts clk_lock, which is the spinlock variable immediately
following the clk_data member in struct loongson2_clk_provider:
struct loongson2_clk_provider { void __iomem *base; struct device dev; struct clk_hw_onecell_data clk_data; spinlock_t clk_lock; / protect access to DIV registers */ };
The problem is that the flexible structure is currently placed in the
middle of struct loongson2_clk_provider instead of at the end.
Fix this by moving struct clk_hw_onecell_data clk_data; to the end of
struct loongson2_clk_provider. Also, add a code comment to help
prevent this from happening again in case new members are added to the
structure in the future.
This change also fixes the following -Wflex-array-member-not-at-end warning:
drivers/clk/clk-loongson2.c:32:36: warning: structure containing a flexible array member is not at the end of another structure [-Wflex-array-member-not-at-end]
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-53193"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-12-27T14:15:26Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nclk: clk-loongson2: Fix memory corruption bug in struct loongson2_clk_provider\n\nSome heap space is allocated for the flexible structure `struct\nclk_hw_onecell_data` and its flexible-array member `hws` through\nthe composite structure `struct loongson2_clk_provider` in function\n`loongson2_clk_probe()`, as shown below:\n\n289 struct loongson2_clk_provider *clp;\n\t...\n296 for (p = data; p-\u003ename; p++)\n297 clks_num++;\n298\n299 clp = devm_kzalloc(dev, struct_size(clp, clk_data.hws, clks_num),\n300 GFP_KERNEL);\n\nThen some data is written into the flexible array:\n\n350 clp-\u003eclk_data.hws[p-\u003eid] = hw;\n\nThis corrupts `clk_lock`, which is the spinlock variable immediately\nfollowing the `clk_data` member in `struct loongson2_clk_provider`:\n\nstruct loongson2_clk_provider {\n\tvoid __iomem *base;\n\tstruct device *dev;\n\tstruct clk_hw_onecell_data clk_data;\n\tspinlock_t clk_lock;\t/* protect access to DIV registers */\n};\n\nThe problem is that the flexible structure is currently placed in the\nmiddle of `struct loongson2_clk_provider` instead of at the end.\n\nFix this by moving `struct clk_hw_onecell_data clk_data;` to the end of\n`struct loongson2_clk_provider`. Also, add a code comment to help\nprevent this from happening again in case new members are added to the\nstructure in the future.\n\nThis change also fixes the following -Wflex-array-member-not-at-end\nwarning:\n\ndrivers/clk/clk-loongson2.c:32:36: warning: structure containing a flexible array member is not at the end of another structure [-Wflex-array-member-not-at-end]",
"id": "GHSA-vr6j-92c6-9p78",
"modified": "2025-09-19T18:31:18Z",
"published": "2024-12-27T15:31:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-53193"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/145de18065b9840687d9b4e63746238c1da25d22"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6e4bf018bb040955da53dae9f8628ef8fcec2dbe"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/76918202615f2ba7deda14901d9fff528a180099"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VR74-Q73P-P5RH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-20 15:31 – Updated: 2024-11-01 15:31A vulnerability was found in Tenda A301 15.13.08.12. It has been classified as critical. Affected is the function fromSetWirelessRepeat of the file /goform/WifiExtraSet. The manipulation of the argument wpapsk_crypto leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-269160. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-6189"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-06-20T14:15:12Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was found in Tenda A301 15.13.08.12. It has been classified as critical. Affected is the function fromSetWirelessRepeat of the file /goform/WifiExtraSet. The manipulation of the argument wpapsk_crypto leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-269160. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-vr74-q73p-p5rh",
"modified": "2024-11-01T15:31:46Z",
"published": "2024-06-20T15:31:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-6189"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://military-hail-377.notion.site/Tenda-A301V2-0-stack-overflow-c95f23f03b2b4eb5b8ffd3912e9982fd"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.269160"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.269160"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.355264"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-VR8W-QG3X-W7FV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-29 00:00 – Updated: 2022-10-01 00:00Tenda TX3 US_TX3V1.0br_V16.03.13.11 is vulnerable to stack overflow via compare_parentcontrol_time.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-40942"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-09-28T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Tenda TX3 US_TX3V1.0br_V16.03.13.11 is vulnerable to stack overflow via compare_parentcontrol_time.",
"id": "GHSA-vr8w-qg3x-w7fv",
"modified": "2022-10-01T00:00:28Z",
"published": "2022-09-29T00:00:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-40942"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Rumble0x0/vulnerability/blob/main/tenda/TX3/stack%20overflow%20via%20compare_parentcontrol_time.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VR8W-W2CJ-H372
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-10 00:00 – Updated: 2023-06-26 21:30A vulnerability has been identified in Simcenter Femap V2020.2 (All versions), Simcenter Femap V2021.1 (All versions). Affected application contains a memory corruption vulnerability while parsing NEU files. This could allow an attacker to execute code in the context of the current process. (ZDI-CAN-14645, ZDI-CAN-15305, ZDI-CAN-15589, ZDI-CAN-15599)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-46153"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-02-09T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been identified in Simcenter Femap V2020.2 (All versions), Simcenter Femap V2021.1 (All versions). Affected application contains a memory corruption vulnerability while parsing NEU files. This could allow an attacker to execute code in the context of the current process. (ZDI-CAN-14645, ZDI-CAN-15305, ZDI-CAN-15589, ZDI-CAN-15599)",
"id": "GHSA-vr8w-w2cj-h372",
"modified": "2023-06-26T21:30:56Z",
"published": "2022-02-10T00:00:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-46153"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-609880.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-22-297"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-22-298"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-22-299"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-22-300"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VR9Q-87XX-HM87
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:03 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:03Heap-based buffer overflow in the KiSS CEL file format plug-in in GIMP 2.8.x and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service and possibly execute arbitrary code via a crafted KiSS palette file, which triggers an "invalid free."
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2012-3403"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2012-08-25T10:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Heap-based buffer overflow in the KiSS CEL file format plug-in in GIMP 2.8.x and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service and possibly execute arbitrary code via a crafted KiSS palette file, which triggers an \"invalid free.\"",
"id": "GHSA-vr9q-87xx-hm87",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:03:53Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:03:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2012-3403"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2012:1180"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2012:1181"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2012-3403"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=839020"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2012-08/msg00020.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2012-09/msg00000.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2012-1180.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2012-1181.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/50296"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.mandriva.com/security/advisories?name=MDVSA-2012:142"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.mandriva.com/security/advisories?name=MDVSA-2013:082"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2012/08/20/7"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/55101"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id?1027411"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-1559-1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-VRC8-63Q3-RGQ3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:27 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:27SAP 3D Visual Enterprise Viewer, version - 9, allows a user to open manipulated DIB file received from untrusted sources which results in crashing of the application and becoming temporarily unavailable until the user restarts the application, this is caused due to Improper Input Validation.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-6360"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-20",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-09-09T13:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "SAP 3D Visual Enterprise Viewer, version - 9, allows a user to open manipulated DIB file received from untrusted sources which results in crashing of the application and becoming temporarily unavailable until the user restarts the application, this is caused due to Improper Input Validation.",
"id": "GHSA-vrc8-63q3-rgq3",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:27:48Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:27:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-6360"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://launchpad.support.sap.com/#/notes/2960815"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wiki.scn.sap.com/wiki/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=557449700"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-20-1171"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-VRCJ-9QV3-HV75
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-24 21:30 – Updated: 2023-03-29 21:30In ConvertToHalMetadata of aidl_utils.cc, there is a possible out of bounds read due to an incorrect bounds check. This could lead to local information disclosure with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android kernelAndroid ID: A-253424924References: N/A
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-21046"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-03-24T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In ConvertToHalMetadata of aidl_utils.cc, there is a possible out of bounds read due to an incorrect bounds check. This could lead to local information disclosure with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android kernelAndroid ID: A-253424924References: N/A",
"id": "GHSA-vrcj-9qv3-hv75",
"modified": "2023-03-29T21:30:22Z",
"published": "2023-03-24T21:30:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-21046"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/pixel/2023-03-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VRCX-GX3G-J3H8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-09-25 18:31 – Updated: 2024-10-02 21:16sqlite-vec v0.1.1 was discovered to contain a heap buffer overflow via the npy_token_next function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted file.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "sqlite-vec"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.1.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "sqlite-vec"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.1.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "RubyGems",
"name": "sqlite-vec"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.1.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "crates.io",
"name": "sqlite-vec"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.1.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-46488"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-09-25T22:13:19Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2024-09-25T18:15:05Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "sqlite-vec v0.1.1 was discovered to contain a heap buffer overflow via the npy_token_next function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted file.",
"id": "GHSA-vrcx-gx3g-j3h8",
"modified": "2024-10-02T21:16:02Z",
"published": "2024-09-25T18:31:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-46488"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/VulnSphere/LLMVulnSphere/blob/main/VectorDB/sqlite-vec/OOBR_2.md"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-vrcx-gx3g-j3h8"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/asg017/sqlite-vec"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/asg017/sqlite-vec/releases/tag/v0.1.3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/sqlite-vec/CVE-2024-46488.yml"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Heap-based Buffer Overflow in sqlite-vec"
}
GHSA-VRF2-2G4Q-984G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-03 03:30 – Updated: 2024-05-03 03:30PDF-XChange Editor PDF File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.
The specific flaw exists within the parsing of PDF files. Crafted data in a PDF file can trigger a write past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-17765.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-32159"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-03T02:15:20Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "PDF-XChange Editor PDF File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of PDF files. Crafted data in a PDF file can trigger a write past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-17765.",
"id": "GHSA-vrf2-2g4q-984g",
"modified": "2024-05-03T03:30:50Z",
"published": "2024-05-03T03:30:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-32159"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.tracker-software.com/product/pdf-xchange-editor/history"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-641"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VRF2-X73G-J53M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-09 18:31 – Updated: 2026-06-09 18:31InCopy versions 21.3, 20.5.3 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-34706"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-09T18:16:43Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "InCopy versions 21.3, 20.5.3 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-vrf2-x73g-j53m",
"modified": "2026-06-09T18:31:03Z",
"published": "2026-06-09T18:31:03Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-34706"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/incopy/apsb26-59.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.