CWE-665
DiscouragedImproper Initialization
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product does not initialize or incorrectly initializes a resource, which might leave the resource in an unexpected state when it is accessed or used.
441 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-26958 (GCVE-0-2026-26958)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-19 23:01 – Updated: 2026-02-20 15:39- CWE-665 - Improper Initialization
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/FiloSottile/edwards25519/secur… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/FiloSottile/edwards25519/commi… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/FiloSottile/edwards25519/relea… | x_refsource_MISC |
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| FiloSottile | filippo.io/edwards25519 |
Affected:
< 1.1.1
|
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CVE-2026-20734 (GCVE-0-2026-20734)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-11 16:25 – Updated: 2026-08-12 19:13- Information Disclosure
- CWE-665 - Improper Initialization
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GCVE-1-2026-20264 (CVE-2026-107175)
Vulnerability from gna-1 – Published: 2026-10-07 12:38 – Updated: 2026-10-07 12:38| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/19a389d19 | patch |
qwen3.8:27b
1 event
advisory
bcp-05-x-01bcp-05-x-02bcp-05-x-03
Draft vulnerability metadata was generated from a git-format patch using an Ollama-hosted language model. Human validation is required before publication.
| Model | Source | Identifier |
|---|---|---|
| qwen3.8:27b | ollama | qwen3.8:27b |
- Generator
-
patch2vuln.pyon 2026-10-07 12:35 - Model
qwen3.8:27b- Input
-
https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/19a389d19.patch
a23e99457b84… - Confidence
- medium
| Commit | Subject | Patch SHA-256 |
|---|---|---|
19a389d19f65
|
fix: [correlation] fix correlation distribution refresh on | a23e99457b84… |
Fix summary
The fix ensures that the before-save hook retrieves the previously persisted distribution and sharing_group_id values from the database for existing events, rather than capturing the incoming (new) data. This allows the after-save logic to correctly detect when these fields have changed and trigger a correlation refresh, ensuring access boundaries on correlated data are enforced promptly.
Patch summary
In app/Model/Event.php, the beforeSave method was modified. Previously, $this->__beforeSaveData was set to the full incoming $this->data['Event'] array. The patch replaces this with: (1) initializing __beforeSaveData to null, (2) checking whether the event has an existing id (i.e., it is an update, not a create), (3) issuing a targeted database query (recursive -1, selecting only Event.distribution and Event.sharing_group_id) to fetch the currently stored values, and (4) storing those fetched values in __beforeSaveData. This ensures the after-save comparison correctly identifies distribution/sharing_group_id changes.
CVSS rationale
AV:N: MISP is a network-accessible web application. AC:L: An authenticated user simply edits an event's sharing group; no race condition or complex setup is needed. AT:N: No manipulation of a separate attack target is required. PR:L: Requires an authenticated user with write access to events. UI:N: The stale correlation persists without further user interaction. VC/VI/VA:N: The vulnerable component (the event save logic) is not directly compromised in confidentiality, integrity, or availability. SC:L: The security impact is on the broader MISP instance: users in a broader sharing group may see correlation data referencing an event that was moved to a more restrictive group, resulting in limited information disclosure. SI/SA:N: No integrity or safety impact on other systems.
Weakness rationale
- CWE-284 The core security impact is that correlation data access boundaries are not enforced when an event's sharing group or distribution changes. Stale correlations can expose event data to users who should no longer have access, constituting an improper access control failure.
- CWE-665 The root cause is that the __beforeSaveData variable was initialized with the incoming (new) data rather than the previously stored data, causing the change-detection logic in afterSave to fail. This is a classic improper initialization of a state variable used for change detection.
Attack pattern rationale
- CAPEC-114 The closest plausible CAPEC is Parameter Tampering: a user modifies the distribution or sharing_group_id parameters of an event, and the application fails to properly enforce the resulting access-control changes on correlated data. The mapping is uncertain because this is not a malicious tamper per se but a legitimate parameter modification that exposes a system defect; however, CAPEC-114 best captures the scenario where parameter changes are not properly reflected in downstream access enforcement. No more specific CAPEC for 'stale derived data after parameter change' exists in the CAPEC catalog.
Assumptions to verify
- The exact fixed version number is not specified in the patch metadata; the tag boundary indicates the fix is 47 commits after v2.5.48, but the release tag containing this commit is unknown.
- The security impact is assessed as limited information disclosure through stale correlations; the patch does not indicate a direct privilege escalation or data corruption vector.
- CAPEC-114 (Parameter Tampering) is the closest available mapping; no CAPEC specifically covers 'stale derived data after a legitimate parameter change' and the mapping is approximate.
- The assumption that the afterSave hook uses __beforeSaveData to compare old vs new distribution/sharing_group_id values is inferred from the commit message and the code change pattern; the afterSave code itself is not included in the patch.
- CVSS UI:N assumes the stale correlation data is accessible via the normal MISP UI/API without additional user interaction beyond the initial event edit.
- The Co-Authored-By line for Claude Opus 4.8 is treated as a tool credit, not a human remediation developer.
Model comparison
Selected qwen3.8:27b
by deterministic-consensus-v1
The selected result is closest to model consensus; this heuristic does not establish factual correctness and human review remains required.
| Model | Score | Agreement | Confidence | Assumptions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
qwen3.8:27b |
6 | 11 | medium | 6 |
- 2026-09-23 07:41 UTC Fix developed Corrective change authored (19a389d19f65e25ba3328e72e6ad23919a39ccd0): fix: [correlation] fix correlation distribution refresh on https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/19a389d19.patch
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"title": "MISP Correlation Engine Fails to Refresh When Event Distribution or Sharing Group Changes",
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CVE-2026-12539 (GCVE-0-2026-12539)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-18 13:51 – Updated: 2026-08-13 13:33| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://docs.docker.com/ai/sandboxes/ | product |
| https://github.com/docker/sbx-releases/releases/t… | release-notes |
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Docker | Docker Sandboxes |
Affected:
0.14.0 , < 0.33.0
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:docker:docker_sandboxes:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-12233 (GCVE-0-2026-12233)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-12 03:54 – Updated: 2026-08-13 15:09- CWE-665 - dos
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| zephyrproject | zephyr |
Affected:
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(semver)
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CVE-2026-0940 (GCVE-0-2026-0940)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-11 20:21 – Updated: 2026-03-13 03:55- CWE-665 - Improper Initialization
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lenovo | ThinkPad T14 Gen 5 BIOS |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.17
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:lenovo:thinkpad_t14_gen_5_bios:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| Lenovo | ThinkPad P14s Gen 5 BIOS |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.17
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:lenovo:thinkpad_p14s_gen_5_bios:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| Lenovo | ThinkPad Z13 Gen 2 BIOS |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.37
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:lenovo:thinkpad_z13_gen_2_bios:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| Lenovo | ThinkPad Z16 Gen 2 BIOS |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.37
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:lenovo:thinkpad_z16_gen_2_bios:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| Lenovo | ThinkPad P16v Gen 1 BIOS |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.62
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:lenovo:thinkpad_p16v_gen_1_bios:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| Lenovo | ThinkPad P15v Gen 3 BIOS |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.28
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:lenovo:thinkpad_p15v_gen_3_bios:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| Lenovo | ThinkPad Z13 Gen 1 BIOS |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.76
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:lenovo:thinkpad_z13_gen_1_bios:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| Lenovo | ThinkPad Z16 Gen 1 BIOS |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.76
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:lenovo:thinkpad_z16_gen_1_bios:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2025-55118 (GCVE-0-2025-55118)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-16 12:23 – Updated: 2025-11-18 12:32| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://bmcapps.my.site.com/casemgmt/sc_Knowledge… | vendor-advisory |
| https://bmcapps.my.site.com/casemgmt/sc_Knowledge… | mitigation |
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| BMC | Control-M/Agent |
Affected:
9.0.22.000
(semver)
Affected: 9.0.21 (semver) Affected: 9.0.20 (semver) Affected: 9.0.19 (semver) Affected: 9.0.18 (semver) |
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CVE-2025-48509 (GCVE-0-2025-48509)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-10 19:13 – Updated: 2026-02-11 15:06- CWE-665 - Improper Initialization
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| AMD | AMD EPYC™ 9004 Series Processors |
Unaffected:
GenoaPI 1.0.0.F
|
|
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Unaffected:
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|
|
| AMD | AMD EPYC™ 9005 Series Processors |
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|
|
| AMD | AMD EPYC™ 8004 Series Processors |
Unaffected:
GenoaPI 1.0.0.F
|
|
| AMD | AMD EPYC™ Embedded 7003 Series Processors |
Unaffected:
EmbMilanPI-SP3 v9 1.0.0.C
|
|
| AMD | AMD EPYC™ Embedded 9004 Series Processors (formerly codenamed "Genoa") |
Unaffected:
EmbGenoaPI-SP5 1.0.0.B
|
|
| AMD | AMD EPYC™ Embedded 9005 Series Processors |
Unaffected:
EmbTurinPI-SP5_1.0.0.1
|
|
| AMD | AMD EPYC™ Embedded 9004 Series Processors (formerly codenamed "Bergamo") |
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EmbGenoaPI-SP5 1.0.0.B
|
|
| AMD | AMD EPYC™ Embedded 8004 Series Processors |
Unaffected:
EmbGenoaPI-SP5 1.0.0.B
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CVE-2025-46553 (GCVE-0-2025-46553)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-05 18:28 – Updated: 2025-05-05 18:50| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/misskey-dev/summaly/security/a… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/misskey-dev/summaly/commit/451… | x_refsource_MISC |
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| misskey-dev | summaly |
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>= 3.0.1, < 5.2.1
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CVE-2025-35991 (GCVE-0-2025-35991)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-12 16:35 – Updated: 2026-05-12 17:06- Information Disclosure
- CWE-665 - Improper Initialization
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n/a | Intel platforms |
Affected:
See references
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"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-05-12T16:59:02.995364Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-05-12T17:06:21.928Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Intel platforms",
"vendor": "n/a",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "See references"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Improper initialization in the UEFI firmware for some Intel platforms within Ring 0: Bare Metal OS may allow an information disclosure. System software adversary with a privileged user combined with a high complexity attack may enable data exposure. This result may potentially occur via local access when attack requirements are present without special internal knowledge and requires no user interaction. The potential vulnerability may impact the confidentiality (high), integrity (none) and availability (none) of the vulnerable system, resulting in subsequent system confidentiality (none), integrity (none) and availability (none) impacts."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"attackComplexity": "HIGH",
"attackRequirements": "PRESENT",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"baseScore": 5.6,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"description": "Information Disclosure",
"lang": "en"
},
{
"cweId": "CWE-665",
"description": "Improper Initialization",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-05-12T16:35:14.593Z",
"orgId": "6dda929c-bb53-4a77-a76d-48e79601a1ce",
"shortName": "intel"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "https://intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-01413.html",
"url": "https://intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-01413.html"
}
]
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "6dda929c-bb53-4a77-a76d-48e79601a1ce",
"assignerShortName": "intel",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-35991",
"datePublished": "2026-05-12T16:35:14.593Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-04-15T21:18:44.499Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-05-12T17:06:21.928Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, in Java, if the programmer does not explicitly initialize a variable, then the code could produce a compile-time error (if the variable is local) or automatically initialize the variable to the default value for the variable's type. In Perl, if explicit initialization is not performed, then a default value of undef is assigned, which is interpreted as 0, false, or an equivalent value depending on the context in which the variable is accessed.
Mitigation
Identify all variables and data stores that receive information from external sources, and apply input validation to make sure that they are only initialized to expected values.
Mitigation
Explicitly initialize all your variables and other data stores, either during declaration or just before the first usage.
Mitigation
Pay close attention to complex conditionals that affect initialization, since some conditions might not perform the initialization.
Mitigation
Avoid race conditions (CWE-362) during initialization routines.
Mitigation
Run or compile your product with settings that generate warnings about uninitialized variables or data.
CAPEC-26: Leveraging Race Conditions
The adversary targets a race condition occurring when multiple processes access and manipulate the same resource concurrently, and the outcome of the execution depends on the particular order in which the access takes place. The adversary can leverage a race condition by "running the race", modifying the resource and modifying the normal execution flow. For instance, a race condition can occur while accessing a file: the adversary can trick the system by replacing the original file with their version and cause the system to read the malicious file.
CAPEC-29: Leveraging Time-of-Check and Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) Race Conditions
This attack targets a race condition occurring between the time of check (state) for a resource and the time of use of a resource. A typical example is file access. The adversary can leverage a file access race condition by "running the race", meaning that they would modify the resource between the first time the target program accesses the file and the time the target program uses the file. During that period of time, the adversary could replace or modify the file, causing the application to behave unexpectedly.