Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-639
AllowedAuthorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The system's authorization functionality does not prevent one user from gaining access to another user's data or record by modifying the key value identifying the data.
5294 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-56724 (GCVE-0-2026-56724)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-25 16:46 – Updated: 2026-09-25 17:45
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Zammad: Incorrect implementation of permission checks in the knowledge base module
Summary
Zammad is a web based open source helpdesk/customer support system. Prior to 7.0.2, summary An issue with permission checks in the knowledge base management area has been identified. Under certain conditions, data validation for linked items was not fully enforced. This could have allowed users with limited read permissions to interact with items outside their assigned access scope. Data access has been strengthened in the current version through additional validation routines. This issue is fixed in version 7.0.2.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-25 17:44 UTC
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/zammad/zammad/security/advisor… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/zammad/zammad/commit/13ccc136e… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/zammad/zammad/releases/tag/7.0.2 | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-56721 (GCVE-0-2026-56721)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-11 15:48 – Updated: 2026-08-14 16:50
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
CamaleonCMS 2.9.2 Privilege Escalation via Parameter Confusion in UsersController
Summary
CamaleonCMS version 2.9.2 and earlier contains a privilege escalation vulnerability via insecure direct object reference (IDOR) that allows authenticated low-privileged attackers to overwrite any user's credentials by exploiting a parameter confusion flaw between the authorization filter and action body in the UsersController. Attackers can send a PATCH request to the updated_ajax endpoint setting params[:id] to their own user ID to pass the self-authorization check while simultaneously setting params[:user_id] to a victim's ID, causing the controller to load and mutate the victim's account, including overwriting administrator passwords to achieve full site takeover.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-11 17:44 UTC
CWE
- CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/owen2345/camaleon-cms | product |
| https://github.com/owen2345/camaleon-cms/pull/1185 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/owen2345/camaleon-cms/commit/2… | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/camaleoncms-… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| owen2345 | CamaleonCMS |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2.9.2
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:tuzitio:camaleon_cms:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Date Public
2026-08-10 00:00
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CVE-2026-56424 (GCVE-0-2026-56424)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-22 12:17 – Updated: 2026-06-23 14:19
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Broken access control in MISP core allows cross-organization unauthorized modification or deletion of analyst data, event reports, collections, templates, and decaying models
Summary
MISP core contained multiple broken access-control flaws where authorization checks were performed against the wrong entity, or where ownership/editability checks were missing on write paths. In affected subsystems, a lower-privileged authenticated user with the relevant feature permission could cause the application to authorize one object but mutate another, or could modify objects that were merely visible rather than editable by the user’s organization.
The affected paths included:
* Event Reports tag removal: the route-authorized report could differ from the report ID used for tag detachment, enabling cross-organization tag removal from another event report
* Collection Elements bulk deletion: bulk deletion authorized against a collection whose ID matched the collection-element row ID, rather than the element’s actual parent collection, enabling deletion of elements from collections the user did not own.
* Analyst Data capture/update: nested analyst data updates could overwrite an existing record without applying the normal canEditAnalystData ownership check, enabling cross-organization overwrite of analyst data records.
* Template Elements editing: editing authorized against a template whose ID matched the template-element ID, rather than the element’s actual parent template, enabling unauthorized edits to another organization’s template elements.
* Decaying Model editing and mappings: write paths loaded models using view-scope access but did not verify edit ownership, enabling users to edit or remap visible models owned by another organization.
Successful exploitation could allow an authenticated user with subsystem-specific permissions to perform unauthorized cross-organization modifications or deletions of MISP data, resulting in integrity loss, unauthorized tampering with shared intelligence, and disruption of analyst workflows.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-23 14:03 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
5 references
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CVE-2026-56422 (GCVE-0-2026-56422)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-22 11:43 – Updated: 2026-06-23 05:58
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
MISP Core: Mass Assignment and Object Re-ownership via Unvalidated Request Fields
Summary
Multiple MISP core controllers and model capture paths accepted client-controlled request fields such as primary keys (id) and ownership/scope foreign keys (event_id, org_id, user_id, sharing_group_id, galaxy_cluster_uuid, organisation_uuid, and related nested object identifiers) without consistently stripping, pinning, or revalidating them against the server-authorized object.
In affected paths, an authenticated user with access to one authorized object could submit crafted REST or form payloads that caused MISP to save data against a different object than the one checked by the authorization logic. Depending on the endpoint, this could allow object overwrite, object re-parenting, ownership transfer, unauthorized sharing-group scoping, event/object injection, proposal retargeting, or stored attacker-controlled content appearing in another user’s context.
The fixes harden affected create/edit/import flows by stripping client-supplied primary keys on create-only saves, re-pinning route- or database-authorized identifiers before save operations, validating effective sharing-group scope, and adding field whitelists where ownership fields must never be editable. The initial broad fix also added a central CRUDComponent::edit() primary-key re-pin so payload-supplied IDs cannot redirect saves away from the already-authorized row. GitHub’s patch for 7acf8220c describes this central issue as CRUDComponent::edit() copying supplied fields, including a payload primary key, onto the loaded record, allowing CakePHP save() to update an arbitrary row unless the loaded ID is re-pinned.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-22 16:09 UTC
CWE
- CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
References
16 references
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CVE-2026-56385 (GCVE-0-2026-56385)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-21 13:27 – Updated: 2026-06-22 12:18
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Craft CMS - Authorization Bypass in assets/preview-file Endpoint
Summary
Craft CMS versions >= 5.0.0-RC1, <= 5.9.13 and >= 4.0.0-RC1, <= 4.17.7 contain an authorization bypass in the assets/preview-file endpoint. The action does not enforce per-asset view authorization before returning preview content, allowing an authenticated low-privileged user to supply a controlled assetId for an asset they are not permitted to view and still receive preview response data (previewHtml), including a private preview image route containing the target private assetId. Fixed in 5.9.14 and 4.17.8.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-22 12:18 UTC
CWE
- CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/craftcms/cms/security/advisori… | vendor-advisory |
| https://github.com/craftcms/cms/commit/d30df31122… | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/craft-cms-au… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-03-24 00:00
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CVE-2026-56230 (GCVE-0-2026-56230)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-30 22:08 – Updated: 2026-07-01 14:28
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Capgo - Broken Object Level Authorization via x-limited-key-id Header
Summary
Capgo before 12.128.2 contains a broken object level authorization vulnerability in middlewareKey() that accepts the client-controlled x-limited-key-id header without validating ownership, allowing authenticated users to adopt cross-tenant limited keys. Attackers can supply another tenant's limited key ID to bypass authorization checks and access unauthorized cross-tenant resources across multiple API endpoints.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-01 13:47 UTC
CWE
- CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/Cap-go/capgo/security/advisori… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/capgo-broken… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-02-10 00:00
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CVE-2026-56229 (GCVE-0-2026-56229)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-21 13:26 – Updated: 2026-06-22 10:54
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Capgo - Cross-App Build Job Access via app_id/job_id Mismatch in /build/status and /build/logs
Summary
Capgo before 12.128.2 contains an authorization bypass vulnerability in the /build/status and /build/logs endpoints that allows attackers to access build jobs belonging to different applications by supplying a mismatched app_id and job_id combination. Limited API keys restricted to a single app can retrieve build status and logs from other apps by providing an authorized app_id while using a job_id from an unauthorized app, exposing sensitive build information including logs, metadata, and potentially credentials.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-22 10:47 UTC
CWE
- CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/Cap-go/capgo/security/advisori… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/capgo-cross-… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-02-10 00:00
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CVE-2026-56222 (GCVE-0-2026-56222)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-23 12:12 – Updated: 2026-06-24 14:59
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Capgo - Cross-Organization App Takeover via Mismatched org_id and app_id in /private/role_bindings
Summary
Capgo before 12.128.2 contains an authorization bypass vulnerability in POST /private/role_bindings that fails to verify app_id ownership during app-scoped role binding creation. An attacker with administrative privileges in one organization can create role bindings targeting applications owned by other organizations, enabling unauthorized read and modification of victim applications.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-24 14:59 UTC
CWE
- CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/Cap-go/capgo/security/advisori… | vendor-advisory |
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Impacted products
Date Public
2026-05-07 00:00
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CVE-2026-56215 (GCVE-0-2026-56215)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-20 00:14 – Updated: 2026-06-24 18:08
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Capgo - Account Merge via Poisoned public.users.email in SSO Provisioning
Summary
Capgo before 12.128.12 allows authenticated users to modify their mutable public.users.email to arbitrary addresses, which the SSO provisioning endpoint trusts as an account-merge key. Attackers can pre-position their account with a victim's corporate SSO email, causing the provision-user endpoint to merge the victim's SSO identity into the attacker-controlled account.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-24 18:08 UTC
CWE
- CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/Cap-go/capgo/security/advisori… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/capgo-accoun… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-05-08 00:00
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CVE-2026-56147 (GCVE-0-2026-56147)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-21 20:14 – Updated: 2026-07-22 19:41
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key in Kibana Leading to Unauthorized Information Disclosure and Case Attachment Integrity Compromise
Summary
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key (CWE-639) in Kibana can lead to unauthorized information disclosure and case attachment integrity compromise via Privilege Abuse (CAPEC-122). An inconsistency in Kibana's file access authorization logic allows a low-privileged authenticated user to retrieve, modify, and delete case attachments that belong to feature areas they are not authorized to access. Because the access control check and the resource retrieval use different resolution mechanisms, an authenticated attacker with limited file management permissions can obtain the contents of, modify, or delete protected case attachments — such as those associated with Security Solution cases — without holding the privileges required to access those features.
Severity
7.1 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-22 19:31 UTC
CWE
- CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
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"timestamp": "2026-07-22T19:31:47.326241Z",
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"title": "Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key in Kibana Leading to Unauthorized Information Disclosure and Case Attachment Integrity Compromise",
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"datePublished": "2026-07-21T20:14:59.750Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-06-19T11:01:02.535Z",
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Mitigation
Architecture and Design
For each and every data access, ensure that the user has sufficient privilege to access the record that is being requested.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Implementation
Make sure that the key that is used in the lookup of a specific user's record is not controllable externally by the user or that any tampering can be detected.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Use encryption in order to make it more difficult to guess other legitimate values of the key or associate a digital signature with the key so that the server can verify that there has been no tampering.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.