Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-639

Weakness Allowed

Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key

Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete

API response cwe.mitre.org

The system's authorization functionality does not prevent one user from gaining access to another user's data or record by modifying the key value identifying the data.

It is likely that an attacker would have to be an authenticated user in the system. However, the authorization process would not properly check the data access operation to ensure that the authenticated user performing the operation has sufficient entitlements to perform the requested data access, hence bypassing any other authorization checks present in the system.

For example, attackers can look at places where user specific data is retrieved (e.g. search screens) and determine whether the key for the item being looked up is controllable externally. The key may be a hidden field in the HTML form field, might be passed as a URL parameter or as an unencrypted cookie variable, then in each of these cases it will be possible to tamper with the key value.

Mapping guidance

This CWE entry is at the Base level of abstraction, which is a preferred level of abstraction for mapping to the root causes of vulnerabilities.

Carefully read both the name and description to ensure that this mapping is an appropriate fit. Do not try to 'force' a mapping to a lower-level Base/Variant simply to comply with this preferred level of abstraction.

Relationships and members
ChildOf: CWE-863 · View CWE-1000
ChildOf: CWE-863 · View CWE-1003
ChildOf: CWE-284 · View CWE-1340
Modes of introduction
Architecture and Design

REALIZATION: This weakness is caused during implementation of an architectural security tactic.

Architecture and Design

Retrieval of a user record occurs in the system based on some key value that is under user control. The key would typically identify a user-related record stored in the system and would be used to lookup that record for presentation to the user.

Implementation

One manifestation of this weakness is when a system uses sequential or otherwise easily-guessable session IDs that would allow one user to easily switch to another user's session and read/modify their data.

Detection methods

Automated Static Analysis

Automated static analysis, commonly referred to as Static Application Security Testing (SAST), can find some instances of this weakness by analyzing source code (or binary/compiled code) without having to execute it. Typically, this is done by building a model of data flow and control flow, then searching for potentially-vulnerable patterns that connect "sources" (origins of input) with "sinks" (destinations where the data interacts with external components, a lower layer such as the OS, etc.)

Effectiveness: High

Notes

Maintenance

As of CWE 4.20, the relationship between IDOR and BOLA needs to be investigated more closely, including research into how these terms are used in the industry. The CWE team suspects that IDOR can be a part of BOLA, but BOLA expands on the weakness inherent to IDOR in that it is not only about objects that are being directly referenced.

Content history
Submission: Evgeny Lebanidze · Cigital · 2008-01-30 · CWE Draft 8
Contribution: Mateus Godinho Pantoja · 2024-08-09 · CWE 4.20

Suggested corrections to use of IDOR versus BOLA

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2008-09-08 · CWE 1.0

updated Common_Consequences, Relationships, Type

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2008-10-14 · CWE 1.0.1

updated Description

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2009-03-10 · CWE 1.3

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2009-05-27 · CWE 1.4

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2009-10-29 · CWE 1.6

updated Common_Consequences

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2010-06-21 · CWE 1.9

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2011-03-29 · CWE 1.12

updated Alternate_Terms, Applicable_Platforms, Description, Name, Potential_Mitigations, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2011-06-01 · CWE 1.13

updated Common_Consequences, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2012-05-11 · CWE 2.2

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2013-02-21 · CWE 2.4

updated Alternate_Terms, Common_Consequences

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2013-07-17 · CWE 2.5

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2014-07-30 · CWE 2.8

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2017-11-08 · CWE 3.0

updated Description, Enabling_Factors_for_Exploitation, Modes_of_Introduction, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2018-03-27 · CWE 3.1

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2019-06-20 · CWE 3.3

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2020-02-24 · CWE 4.0

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2020-06-25 · CWE 4.1

updated Alternate_Terms

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2020-12-10 · CWE 4.3

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2021-03-15 · CWE 4.4

updated Alternate_Terms

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2021-10-28 · CWE 4.6

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2023-04-27 · CWE 4.11

updated Detection_Factors, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2023-06-29 · CWE 4.12

updated Mapping_Notes

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2023-10-26 · CWE 4.13

updated Observed_Examples

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2024-02-29 · CWE 4.14

updated Demonstrative_Examples

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2025-12-11 · CWE 4.19

updated References, Relationships, Weakness_Ordinalities

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2026-04-30 · CWE 4.20

updated Alternate_Terms, Maintenance_Notes, References

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2026-10-28 · CWE 5.0

updated Description, Modes_of_Introduction, Time_of_Introduction

5738 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2024-34457 (GCVE-0-2024-34457)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-07-22 09:48 – Updated: 2024-11-04 21:27
VLAI
Title
Apache StreamPark IDOR Vulnerability
Summary
On versions before 2.1.4, after a regular user successfully logs in, they can manually make a request using the authorization token to view everyone's user flink information, including executeSQL and config. Mitigation: all users should upgrade to 2.1.4
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-07-22 17:57 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
apache CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 76/100 over 1199 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Apache Software Foundation Apache StreamPark Affected: 1.0.0 , < 2.1.4 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
L0ne1y
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2024-34383 (GCVE-0-2024-34383)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-05-06 17:54 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:09
VLAI
Title
WordPress SEOPress plugin <= 7.7.1 - Sensitive Data Exposure vulnerability
Summary
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in The SEO Guys at SEOPress SEOPress.This issue affects SEOPress: from n/a through 7.7.1.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-05-13 20:13 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
Patchstack CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 75/100 over 3451 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
The SEO Guys at SEOPress SEOPress Affected: n/a , ≤ 7.7.1 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Peng Zhou (Patchstack Alliance)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2024-33542 (GCVE-0-2024-33542)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-04-29 06:03 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:09
VLAI
Title
WordPress Crelly Slider plugin <= 1.4.5 - Insecure Direct Object References (IDOR) vulnerability
Summary
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in Fabio Rinaldi Crelly Slider.This issue affects Crelly Slider: from n/a through 1.4.5.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-04-29 14:39 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
Patchstack CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 75/100 over 3451 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Fabio Rinaldi Crelly Slider Affected: n/a , ≤ 1.4.5 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Steven Julian (Patchstack Alliance)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2024-32823 (GCVE-0-2024-32823)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-04-24 10:16 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:09
VLAI
Title
WordPress Rate My Post plugin <= 3.4.4 - Insecure Direct Object References (IDOR) vulnerability
Summary
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in FeedbackWP Rate my Post – WP Rating System.This issue affects Rate my Post – WP Rating System: from n/a through 3.4.4.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-07-16 14:37 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
Patchstack CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 75/100 over 3451 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
FeedbackWP Rate my Post – WP Rating System Affected: n/a , ≤ 3.4.4 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Kyle Sanchez (Patchstack Alliance)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2024-32808 (GCVE-0-2024-32808)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-04-24 10:18 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:09
VLAI
Title
WordPress ProfileGrid plugin <= 5.7.9 - Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability
Summary
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in Metagauss ProfileGrid.This issue affects ProfileGrid : from n/a through 5.7.9.
Severity
5.4 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-04-24 14:28 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
Patchstack CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 75/100 over 3451 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Metagauss ProfileGrid Affected: n/a , ≤ 5.7.9 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Kyle Sanchez (Patchstack Alliance)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2024-32772 (GCVE-0-2024-32772)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-04-24 10:19 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:09
VLAI
Title
WordPress ProfileGrid plugin <= 5.7.9 - Insecure Direct Object References (IDOR) vulnerability
Summary
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in Metagauss ProfileGrid.This issue affects ProfileGrid : from n/a through 5.7.9.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-04-24 14:14 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
Patchstack CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 75/100 over 3451 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Metagauss ProfileGrid Affected: n/a , ≤ 5.7.9 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
wordpress profile_grid Affected: *
    cpe:2.3:a:wordpress:profile_grid:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Kyle Sanchez (Patchstack Alliance)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2024-32683 (GCVE-0-2024-32683)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-04-19 11:57 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:09
VLAI
Title
WordPress WP Ultimate Review plugin <= 2.2.5 - Insecure Direct Object References (IDOR) vulnerability
Summary
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in Wpmet Wp Ultimate Review.This issue affects Wp Ultimate Review: from n/a through 2.2.5.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-04-20 02:55 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
Patchstack CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 75/100 over 3451 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Wpmet Wp Ultimate Review Affected: n/a , ≤ 2.2.5 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
wpmet wp_ultimate_review Affected: -
    cpe:2.3:a:wpmet:wp_ultimate_review:-:*:*:*:*:wordpress:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Kyle Sanchez (Patchstack Alliance)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2024-32604 (GCVE-0-2024-32604)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-04-18 08:14 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:09
VLAI
Title
WordPress WP-Recall plugin <= 16.26.5 - Insecure Direct Object References (IDOR) vulnerability
Summary
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in Plechev Andrey WP-Recall.This issue affects WP-Recall: from n/a through 16.26.5.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-04-23 15:40 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
Patchstack CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 75/100 over 3451 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Plechev Andrey WP-Recall Affected: n/a , ≤ 16.26.5 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
wordpress adserve Affected: 0.2
    cpe:2.3:a:wordpress:adserve:0.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Kyle Sanchez (Patchstack Alliance)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2024-31898 (GCVE-0-2024-31898)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-06-30 18:01 – Updated: 2024-08-02 01:59
VLAI
Title
IBM InfoSphere Information Server data modification
Summary
IBM InfoSphere Information Server 11.7 could allow an authenticated user to read or modify sensitive information by bypassing authentication using insecure direct object references. IBM X-Force ID: 288182.
Severity
5.4 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-07-01 18:16 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
ibm CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 88/100 over 1630 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
IBM InfoSphere Information Server Affected: 11.7
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:infosphere_information_server:11.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2024-31296 (GCVE-0-2024-31296)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-04-07 18:07 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:09
VLAI
Title
WordPress BookingPress plugin <= 1.0.81 - Insecure Direct Object References (IDOR) vulnerability
Summary
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in Repute Infosystems BookingPress.This issue affects BookingPress: from n/a through 1.0.81.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-04-09 19:20 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
Patchstack CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 75/100 over 3451 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Repute Infosystems BookingPress Affected: n/a , ≤ 1.0.81 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Steven Julian (Patchstack Alliance)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-639",
              "description": "CWE-639 Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-04-28T16:09:30.576Z",
        "orgId": "21595511-bba5-4825-b968-b78d1f9984a3",
        "shortName": "Patchstack"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "vdb-entry"
          ],
          "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/bookingpress-appointment-booking/wordpress-bookingpress-plugin-1-0-81-insecure-direct-object-references-idor-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
        }
      ],
      "solutions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "Update to 1.0.82 or a higher version."
            }
          ],
          "value": "Update to 1.0.82 or a higher version."
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "EXTERNAL"
      },
      "title": "WordPress BookingPress plugin \u003c= 1.0.81 - Insecure Direct Object References (IDOR) vulnerability",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "Vulnogram 0.1.0-dev"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "21595511-bba5-4825-b968-b78d1f9984a3",
    "assignerShortName": "Patchstack",
    "cveId": "CVE-2024-31296",
    "datePublished": "2024-04-07T18:07:00.960Z",
    "dateReserved": "2024-03-29T17:22:51.686Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-04-28T16:09:30.576Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

For each and every data access, ensure that the user has sufficient privilege to access the record that is being requested.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design Implementation

Make sure that the key that is used in the lookup of a specific user's record is not controllable externally by the user or that any tampering can be detected.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use encryption in order to make it more difficult to guess other legitimate values of the key or associate a digital signature with the key so that the server can verify that there has been no tampering.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.

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