Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-639

Weakness Allowed

Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key

Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete

API response cwe.mitre.org

The system's authorization functionality does not prevent one user from gaining access to another user's data or record by modifying the key value identifying the data.

It is likely that an attacker would have to be an authenticated user in the system. However, the authorization process would not properly check the data access operation to ensure that the authenticated user performing the operation has sufficient entitlements to perform the requested data access, hence bypassing any other authorization checks present in the system.

For example, attackers can look at places where user specific data is retrieved (e.g. search screens) and determine whether the key for the item being looked up is controllable externally. The key may be a hidden field in the HTML form field, might be passed as a URL parameter or as an unencrypted cookie variable, then in each of these cases it will be possible to tamper with the key value.

Mapping guidance

This CWE entry is at the Base level of abstraction, which is a preferred level of abstraction for mapping to the root causes of vulnerabilities.

Carefully read both the name and description to ensure that this mapping is an appropriate fit. Do not try to 'force' a mapping to a lower-level Base/Variant simply to comply with this preferred level of abstraction.

Relationships and members
ChildOf: CWE-863 · View CWE-1000
ChildOf: CWE-863 · View CWE-1003
ChildOf: CWE-284 · View CWE-1340
Modes of introduction
Architecture and Design

REALIZATION: This weakness is caused during implementation of an architectural security tactic.

Architecture and Design

Retrieval of a user record occurs in the system based on some key value that is under user control. The key would typically identify a user-related record stored in the system and would be used to lookup that record for presentation to the user.

Implementation

One manifestation of this weakness is when a system uses sequential or otherwise easily-guessable session IDs that would allow one user to easily switch to another user's session and read/modify their data.

Detection methods

Automated Static Analysis

Automated static analysis, commonly referred to as Static Application Security Testing (SAST), can find some instances of this weakness by analyzing source code (or binary/compiled code) without having to execute it. Typically, this is done by building a model of data flow and control flow, then searching for potentially-vulnerable patterns that connect "sources" (origins of input) with "sinks" (destinations where the data interacts with external components, a lower layer such as the OS, etc.)

Effectiveness: High

Notes

Maintenance

As of CWE 4.20, the relationship between IDOR and BOLA needs to be investigated more closely, including research into how these terms are used in the industry. The CWE team suspects that IDOR can be a part of BOLA, but BOLA expands on the weakness inherent to IDOR in that it is not only about objects that are being directly referenced.

Content history
Submission: Evgeny Lebanidze · Cigital · 2008-01-30 · CWE Draft 8
Contribution: Mateus Godinho Pantoja · 2024-08-09 · CWE 4.20

Suggested corrections to use of IDOR versus BOLA

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2008-09-08 · CWE 1.0

updated Common_Consequences, Relationships, Type

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2008-10-14 · CWE 1.0.1

updated Description

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2009-03-10 · CWE 1.3

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2009-05-27 · CWE 1.4

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2009-10-29 · CWE 1.6

updated Common_Consequences

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2010-06-21 · CWE 1.9

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2011-03-29 · CWE 1.12

updated Alternate_Terms, Applicable_Platforms, Description, Name, Potential_Mitigations, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2011-06-01 · CWE 1.13

updated Common_Consequences, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2012-05-11 · CWE 2.2

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2013-02-21 · CWE 2.4

updated Alternate_Terms, Common_Consequences

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2013-07-17 · CWE 2.5

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2014-07-30 · CWE 2.8

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2017-11-08 · CWE 3.0

updated Description, Enabling_Factors_for_Exploitation, Modes_of_Introduction, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2018-03-27 · CWE 3.1

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2019-06-20 · CWE 3.3

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2020-02-24 · CWE 4.0

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2020-06-25 · CWE 4.1

updated Alternate_Terms

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2020-12-10 · CWE 4.3

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2021-03-15 · CWE 4.4

updated Alternate_Terms

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2021-10-28 · CWE 4.6

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2023-04-27 · CWE 4.11

updated Detection_Factors, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2023-06-29 · CWE 4.12

updated Mapping_Notes

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2023-10-26 · CWE 4.13

updated Observed_Examples

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2024-02-29 · CWE 4.14

updated Demonstrative_Examples

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2025-12-11 · CWE 4.19

updated References, Relationships, Weakness_Ordinalities

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2026-04-30 · CWE 4.20

updated Alternate_Terms, Maintenance_Notes, References

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2026-10-28 · CWE 5.0

updated Description, Modes_of_Introduction, Time_of_Introduction

5738 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2024-43322 (GCVE-0-2024-43322)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-08-18 21:31 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:10
VLAI
Title
WordPress Zephyr Project Manager plugin <= 3.3.100 - Insecure Direct Object References (IDOR) vulnerability
Summary
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in Dylan James Zephyr Project Manager.This issue affects Zephyr Project Manager: from n/a through 3.3.100.
Severity
5.4 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-08-19 14:25 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
Patchstack CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 75/100 over 3451 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Dylan James Zephyr Project Manager Affected: n/a , ≤ 3.3.100 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Trương Hữu Phúc / truonghuuphuc (Patchstack Alliance)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2024-43315 (GCVE-0-2024-43315)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-08-18 21:32 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:10
VLAI
Title
WordPress Stripe Payments For WooCommerce plugin <= 1.9.1 - Insecure Direct Object References (IDOR) vulnerability
Summary
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in Checkout Plugins Stripe Payments For WooCommerce by Checkout.This issue affects Stripe Payments For WooCommerce by Checkout: from n/a through 1.9.1.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-08-19 13:57 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
Patchstack CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 75/100 over 3451 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Checkout Plugins Stripe Payments For WooCommerce by Checkout Affected: n/a , ≤ 1.9.1 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
checkoutplugins stripe_payments_for_woocommerce Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.9.1 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:checkoutplugins:stripe_payments_for_woocommerce:*:*:*:*:*:wordpress:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Rafie Muhammad (Patchstack)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2024-43288 (GCVE-0-2024-43288)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-08-18 21:33 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:10
VLAI
Title
WordPress wpForo Forum plugin <= 2.3.4 - Insecure Direct Object References (IDOR) vulnerability
Summary
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in gVectors Team wpForo Forum.This issue affects wpForo Forum: from n/a through 2.3.4.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-08-19 14:28 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
Patchstack CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 75/100 over 3451 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
gVectors Team wpForo Forum Affected: n/a , ≤ 2.3.4 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Ananda Dhakal (Patchstack)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2024-43266 (GCVE-0-2024-43266)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-08-18 21:34 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:10
VLAI
Title
WordPress WP Job Portal plugin <= 2.1.8 - Insecure Direct Object References (IDOR) vulnerability
Summary
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in wpjobportal WP Job Portal wp-job-portal.This issue affects WP Job Portal: from n/a through <= 2.1.8.
Severity
5.4 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-08-19 13:33 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
Patchstack CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 75/100 over 3451 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
wpjobportal WP Job Portal Affected: 0 , ≤ 2.1.8 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-04-01 16:27
Credits
LuxF0z | Patchstack Bug Bounty Program
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2024-43239 (GCVE-0-2024-43239)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-08-18 21:36 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:10
VLAI
Title
WordPress Masteriyo LMS plugin <= 1.11.4 - Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability
Summary
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in masteriyo Masteriyo - LMS learning-management-system.This issue affects Masteriyo - LMS: from n/a through <= 1.11.4.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-08-19 13:36 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
Patchstack CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 75/100 over 3451 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
masteriyo Masteriyo - LMS Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.11.4 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-04-01 16:27
Credits
Ananda Dhakal (Patchstack)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2024-42464 (GCVE-0-2024-42464)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-08-16 13:25 – Updated: 2024-08-16 15:50
VLAI
Title
Leak of user information
Summary
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in upKeeper Solutions product upKeeper Manager allows Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data.This issue affects upKeeper Manager: through 5.1.9.
Severity
7.6 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-08-16 15:50 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
upKeeper CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard – unranked: 2 records in the last 180 days, 10 needed details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
upKeeper Solutions upKeeper Manager Affected: 0 , ≤ 5.1.9 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2024-42463 (GCVE-0-2024-42463)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-08-16 13:24 – Updated: 2024-08-20 16:51
VLAI
Title
Leak of organizations messages
Summary
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in upKeeper Solutions product upKeeper Manager allows Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data.This issue affects upKeeper Manager: through 5.1.9.
Severity
8.6 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-08-20 16:24 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
upKeeper CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard – unranked: 2 records in the last 180 days, 10 needed details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
upKeeper Solutions upKeeper Manager Affected: 0 , ≤ 5.1.9 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
upkeeper upkeeper_manager Affected: 0 , ≤ 5.1.9 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:upkeeper:upkeeper_manager:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2024-42422 (GCVE-0-2024-42422)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-12-03 12:15 – Updated: 2024-12-03 14:23
VLAI
Summary
Dell NetWorker, version(s) 19.10, contain(s) an Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability. An unauthenticated attacker with remote access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to Information disclosure.
Severity
8.3 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-12-03 14:22 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
dell CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 70/100 over 520 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Dell NetWorker Affected: 19.11 , ≤ 19.11.0.2 (semver)
Affected: N/A , < 19.10.0.6 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
dell networker Affected: 19.11 , ≤ 19.11.0.2 (semver)
Affected: 0 , < 19.10.0.6 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:dell:networker:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2024-12-02 18:30
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2024-42169 (GCVE-0-2024-42169)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-01-11 02:31 – Updated: 2025-01-13 19:29
VLAI
Title
HCL MyXalytics is affected by insecure direct object references
Summary
HCL MyXalytics is affected by insecure direct object references. It occurs due to missing access control checks, which fail to verify whether a user should be allowed to access specific data.
Severity
7.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-01-13 19:29 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
HCL CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 64/100 over 195 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Date Public
2025-01-10 16:13
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2024-39901 (GCVE-0-2024-39901)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-07-09 21:14 – Updated: 2024-08-02 04:33
VLAI
Title
OpenSearch Observability does not properly restrict access to private tenant resources
Summary
OpenSearch Observability is collection of plugins and applications that visualize data-driven events. An issue in the OpenSearch observability plugins allows unintended access to private tenant resources like notebooks. The system did not properly check if the user was the resource author when accessing resources in a private tenant, leading to potential data being revealed. The patches are included in OpenSearch 2.14.
Severity
4.2 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-07-10 14:06 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7836 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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Mitigation
Architecture and Design

For each and every data access, ensure that the user has sufficient privilege to access the record that is being requested.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design Implementation

Make sure that the key that is used in the lookup of a specific user's record is not controllable externally by the user or that any tampering can be detected.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use encryption in order to make it more difficult to guess other legitimate values of the key or associate a digital signature with the key so that the server can verify that there has been no tampering.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.

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