Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-22
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Stable
The product uses external input to construct a pathname that is intended to identify a file or directory that is located underneath a restricted parent directory, but the product does not properly neutralize special elements within the pathname that can cause the pathname to resolve to a location that is outside of the restricted directory.
14117 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-76222 (GCVE-0-2026-76222)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 14:02 – Updated: 2026-08-25 01:57
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
GitPython before 3.1.58 Path Traversal via .gitmodules Submodule Name
Summary
GitPython before 3.1.58 fails to validate submodule names from .gitmodules files, allowing attackers to create Git repositories at arbitrary filesystem paths outside the intended clone directory. Attackers can craft malicious repositories with traversal sequences in submodule names that GitPython processes during submodule initialization, creating attacker-controlled Git repositories at escaped filesystem locations.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-25 01:56 UTC
CWE
- CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/gitpython-be… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| gitpython-developers | GitPython |
Affected:
0 , < 3.1.58
(semver)
Unaffected: 3.1.58 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:gitpython_project:gitpython:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Date Public
2026-08-04 00:00
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CVE-2026-75914 (GCVE-0-2026-75914)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-18 15:22 – Updated: 2026-08-20 15:24
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
CodeWhale before 0.8.64 Path Traversal via image_analyze symlink
Summary
CodeWhale versions before 0.8.64 contain a path traversal vulnerability in the image_analyze tool that fails to canonicalize symlinks before reading files. Attackers can create workspace symlinks pointing to external files with image extensions to leak file bytes to the vision endpoint without user approval.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-20 13:48 UTC
CWE
- CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/Hmbown/CodeWhale/security/advi… | vendor-advisory |
| https://github.com/Hmbown/CodeWhale/commit/26de44… | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/codewhale-be… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-07-16 00:00
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CVE-2026-75859 (GCVE-0-2026-75859)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-18 15:21 – Updated: 2026-08-20 15:24
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
CodeWhale before 0.8.64 Arbitrary File Read via instructions
Summary
CodeWhale versions before 0.8.64 fail to validate file paths in the project config instructions field, allowing attackers to read arbitrary files on the victim's system. A malicious .codewhale/config.toml file in a cloned repository can specify paths outside the workspace that are read and injected into the AI system prompt for exfiltration.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-20 13:48 UTC
CWE
- CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/Hmbown/CodeWhale/security/advi… | vendor-advisory |
| https://github.com/Hmbown/CodeWhale/commit/435633… | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/codewhale-be… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-07-16 00:00
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CVE-2026-75855 (GCVE-0-2026-75855)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-18 11:19 – Updated: 2026-08-19 14:25
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
ArcadeDB before 26.8.1 Path Traversal via create/drop database
Summary
ArcadeDB versions before 26.8.1 fail to sanitize database names in the POST /api/v1/server endpoint's create database and drop database commands, allowing authenticated root users to write and delete arbitrary files outside the configured database directory. Attackers can supply database names containing ../ sequences to create databases at arbitrary filesystem paths or recursively delete directories the server process can access.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-19 14:24 UTC
CWE
- CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/ArcadeData/arcadedb/security/a… | vendor-advisory |
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Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ArcadeData | arcadedb |
Affected:
0 , < 26.8.1
(semver)
Unaffected: 26.8.1 (semver) |
Date Public
2026-08-04 00:00
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CVE-2026-75842 (GCVE-0-2026-75842)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-18 11:19 – Updated: 2026-08-19 14:23
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
ArcadeDB before 26.8.1 Arbitrary File Read via LOAD CSV
Summary
ArcadeDB versions before 26.8.1 contain an arbitrary file read vulnerability in the OpenCypher LOAD CSV FROM clause that allows authenticated users to read local files. Attackers with read query privileges can use the file:// protocol in LOAD CSV statements to access arbitrary files with server process privileges, exfiltrating sensitive data directly in query responses.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-19 14:22 UTC
CWE
- CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/ArcadeData/arcadedb/security/a… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/arcadedb-bef… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ArcadeData | arcadedb |
Affected:
0 , < 26.8.1
(semver)
Unaffected: 26.8.1 (semver) |
Date Public
2026-08-04 00:00
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CVE-2026-75594 (GCVE-0-2026-75594)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-31 20:53 – Updated: 2026-09-01 14:31
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Kirby: Access to image files and limited access to JSON files outside of the site root via path traversal in the media handling
Summary
Kirby is an open-source content management system. Prior to 4.9.5 and 5.5.2, depending on the release line, Kirby's media handler in src/Cms/Media.php allowed Kirby\Cms\Media::thumb() to append a path-bearing filename to a validated parent media directory. On nginx, PHP's built-in server, or Apache with AllowEncodedSlashes enabled, a remote attacker could submit encoded slash characters such as %2f in the filename and traverse outside the parent's media directory. Differences between responses for existing and nonexistent thumbnail configurations disclosed whether an arbitrary .json file existed, and a .json file containing a valid filename key could cause the referenced image to be returned and the job file to be deleted. The related file::version path in src/Filesystem/Asset.php also accepted ../ sequences outside the intended index root. This issue is fixed in versions 4.9.5 and 5.5.2.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-01 14:31 UTC
CWE
- CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
7 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/getkirby/kirby/security/adviso… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/getkirby/kirby/commit/22fbaedb… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/getkirby/kirby/commit/a40808f5… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/getkirby/kirby/commit/cd7abb68… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/getkirby/kirby/commit/e0dca5f7… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/getkirby/kirby/releases/tag/4.9.5 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/getkirby/kirby/releases/tag/5.5.2 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-75593 (GCVE-0-2026-75593)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 20:06 – Updated: 2026-08-25 14:02
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
BuildKit: Malicious client can bypass destination directory validation on local sources upload
Summary
BuildKit is a toolkit for converting source code to build artifacts in an efficient, expressive and repeatable manner. Prior to 0.31.2, a custom client can produce such an upload request to the BuildKit daemon that files can escape from the BuildKit-controlled state directory. The client needs to have valid permissions to access BuildKit control API to issue builds, eg., bypass authentication, etc. This issue is fixed in version 0.31.2.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-25 14:02 UTC
CWE
- CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/moby/buildkit/security/advisor… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/moby/buildkit/releases/tag/v0.31.2 | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-75592 (GCVE-0-2026-75592)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-31 20:49 – Updated: 2026-09-01 13:41
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Kirby: Access to image files outside of the site root via path traversal in the media handling
Summary
Kirby is an open-source content management system. Prior to 4.9.5 and 5.5.2, depending on the release line, Kirby's media handler used incomplete filesystem containment checks in src/Filesystem/Dir.php and src/Filesystem/F.php through Kirby\Filesystem\Dir::realpath() and Kirby\Filesystem\F::realpath(). The checks accepted a sibling directory whose path shared the intended root's string prefix, such as /var/www/site2 next to /var/www/site, because they did not require an exact match or a DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR boundary. A remote attacker could use Kirby\Cms\Media::thumb() to create and access thumbnails from image files in a PHP-readable sibling directory when that directory contained a valid .json thumbnail job file, potentially exposing staging sites, backups, or other internal sites and deleting the job file during processing. This issue is fixed in versions 4.9.5 and 5.5.2.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-01 13:41 UTC
CWE
- CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/getkirby/kirby/security/adviso… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/getkirby/kirby/commit/2b6fab95… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/getkirby/kirby/commit/e0dca5f7… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/getkirby/kirby/releases/tag/4.9.5 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/getkirby/kirby/releases/tag/5.5.2 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-75482 (GCVE-0-2026-75482)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-17 20:36 – Updated: 2026-08-18 12:55
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
SWE-agent Trajectory Inspector Path Traversal File Disclosure
Summary
SWE-agent's trajectory inspector (sweagent inspector), confirmed in v1.1.0, is an HTTP server that joins request paths to the trajectory directory in its /trajectory/ handler without rejecting parent-directory ('..') references, bypassing the built-in path sanitization. The server binds all interfaces (0.0.0.0), applies wildcard CORS, and requires no authentication. An unauthenticated network client (or a malicious web page via CORS) can use path traversal sequences to read files outside the intended directory. Because the read sink parses targets as trajectory JSON, disclosure is constrained to JSON files shaped like a trajectory, which can contain repository contents, command output, and secrets/API keys.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-18 12:55 UTC
CWE
- CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/SWE-agent/SWE-agent/issues/1472 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/SWE-agent/SWE-agent | product |
| https://github.com/SWE-agent/SWE-agent/blob/main/… | technical-description |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/swe-agent-tr… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-07-19 00:00
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CVE-2026-75115 (GCVE-0-2026-75115)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-21 12:14 – Updated: 2026-08-21 19:19
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Joomla Extension - yootheme.com - Authenticated, privileged arbitrary file read in YOOtheme Pro 2.3.0-5.0.40
Summary
Joomla Extension - yootheme.com - Authenticated, privileged arbitrary file read in YOOtheme Pro 2.3.0-5.0.40 - The Filesystem source's path filter is vulnerable to glob-based pattern attacks, allowing authorized users to read arbitrary files.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-21 15:57 UTC
CWE
- CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.yootheme.com/ | product |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| yootheme.com | YOOtheme Pro extension for Joomla |
Affected:
2.3.0-5.0.40
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Mitigation MIT-5.1
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- When validating filenames, use stringent allowlists that limit the character set to be used. If feasible, only allow a single "." character in the filename to avoid weaknesses such as CWE-23, and exclude directory separators such as "/" to avoid CWE-36. Use a list of allowable file extensions, which will help to avoid CWE-434.
- Do not rely exclusively on a filtering mechanism that removes potentially dangerous characters. This is equivalent to a denylist, which may be incomplete (CWE-184). For example, filtering "/" is insufficient protection if the filesystem also supports the use of "\" as a directory separator. Another possible error could occur when the filtering is applied in a way that still produces dangerous data (CWE-182). For example, if "../" sequences are removed from the ".../...//" string in a sequential fashion, two instances of "../" would be removed from the original string, but the remaining characters would still form the "../" string.
Mitigation MIT-15
Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
Mitigation MIT-20.1
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked.
- Use a built-in path canonicalization function (such as realpath() in C) that produces the canonical version of the pathname, which effectively removes ".." sequences and symbolic links (CWE-23, CWE-59). This includes:
- realpath() in C
- getCanonicalPath() in Java
- GetFullPath() in ASP.NET
- realpath() or abs_path() in Perl
- realpath() in PHP
Mitigation MIT-4
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
Mitigation MIT-29
Operation
Strategy: Firewall
Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
Mitigation MIT-17
Architecture and Design
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.
Mitigation MIT-21.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion
- When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
- For example, ID 1 could map to "inbox.txt" and ID 2 could map to "profile.txt". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-185] provide this capability.
Mitigation MIT-22
Architecture and Design
Operation
Strategy: Sandbox or Jail
- Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
- OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-34
Architecture and Design
Operation
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
- Store library, include, and utility files outside of the web document root, if possible. Otherwise, store them in a separate directory and use the web server's access control capabilities to prevent attackers from directly requesting them. One common practice is to define a fixed constant in each calling program, then check for the existence of the constant in the library/include file; if the constant does not exist, then the file was directly requested, and it can exit immediately.
- This significantly reduces the chance of an attacker being able to bypass any protection mechanisms that are in the base program but not in the include files. It will also reduce the attack surface.
Mitigation MIT-39
Implementation
- Ensure that error messages only contain minimal details that are useful to the intended audience and no one else. The messages need to strike the balance between being too cryptic (which can confuse users) or being too detailed (which may reveal more than intended). The messages should not reveal the methods that were used to determine the error. Attackers can use detailed information to refine or optimize their original attack, thereby increasing their chances of success.
- If errors must be captured in some detail, record them in log messages, but consider what could occur if the log messages can be viewed by attackers. Highly sensitive information such as passwords should never be saved to log files.
- Avoid inconsistent messaging that might accidentally tip off an attacker about internal state, such as whether a user account exists or not.
- In the context of path traversal, error messages which disclose path information can help attackers craft the appropriate attack strings to move through the file system hierarchy.
Mitigation MIT-16
Operation
Implementation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
When using PHP, configure the application so that it does not use register_globals. During implementation, develop the application so that it does not rely on this feature, but be wary of implementing a register_globals emulation that is subject to weaknesses such as CWE-95, CWE-621, and similar issues.
CAPEC-126: Path Traversal
An adversary uses path manipulation methods to exploit insufficient input validation of a target to obtain access to data that should be not be retrievable by ordinary well-formed requests. A typical variety of this attack involves specifying a path to a desired file together with dot-dot-slash characters, resulting in the file access API or function traversing out of the intended directory structure and into the root file system. By replacing or modifying the expected path information the access function or API retrieves the file desired by the attacker. These attacks either involve the attacker providing a complete path to a targeted file or using control characters (e.g. path separators (/ or \) and/or dots (.)) to reach desired directories or files.
CAPEC-64: Using Slashes and URL Encoding Combined to Bypass Validation Logic
This attack targets the encoding of the URL combined with the encoding of the slash characters. An attacker can take advantage of the multiple ways of encoding a URL and abuse the interpretation of the URL. A URL may contain special character that need special syntax handling in order to be interpreted. Special characters are represented using a percentage character followed by two digits representing the octet code of the original character (%HEX-CODE). For instance US-ASCII space character would be represented with %20. This is often referred as escaped ending or percent-encoding. Since the server decodes the URL from the requests, it may restrict the access to some URL paths by validating and filtering out the URL requests it received. An attacker will try to craft an URL with a sequence of special characters which once interpreted by the server will be equivalent to a forbidden URL. It can be difficult to protect against this attack since the URL can contain other format of encoding such as UTF-8 encoding, Unicode-encoding, etc.
CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls
An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.
CAPEC-78: Using Escaped Slashes in Alternate Encoding
This attack targets the use of the backslash in alternate encoding. An adversary can provide a backslash as a leading character and causes a parser to believe that the next character is special. This is called an escape. By using that trick, the adversary tries to exploit alternate ways to encode the same character which leads to filter problems and opens avenues to attack.
CAPEC-79: Using Slashes in Alternate Encoding
This attack targets the encoding of the Slash characters. An adversary would try to exploit common filtering problems related to the use of the slashes characters to gain access to resources on the target host. Directory-driven systems, such as file systems and databases, typically use the slash character to indicate traversal between directories or other container components. For murky historical reasons, PCs (and, as a result, Microsoft OSs) choose to use a backslash, whereas the UNIX world typically makes use of the forward slash. The schizophrenic result is that many MS-based systems are required to understand both forms of the slash. This gives the adversary many opportunities to discover and abuse a number of common filtering problems. The goal of this pattern is to discover server software that only applies filters to one version, but not the other.