Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-22

Allowed-with-Review

Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')

Abstraction: Base · Status: Stable

The product uses external input to construct a pathname that is intended to identify a file or directory that is located underneath a restricted parent directory, but the product does not properly neutralize special elements within the pathname that can cause the pathname to resolve to a location that is outside of the restricted directory.

14113 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-82954 (GCVE-0-2026-82954)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-31 21:45 – Updated: 2026-08-31 21:45
VLAI
Title
Dokploy Settings application.ts writeTraefikConfigInPath path traversal
Summary
A vulnerability was detected in Dokploy up to 0.29.7. This issue affects the function writeTraefikConfigInPath of the file packages/server/src/utils/traefik/application.ts of the component Settings. The manipulation of the argument path results in path traversal. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit is now public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
CWE
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/397303 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/397303/cti signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-82954 third-party-advisory
https://vuldb.com/submit/879844 third-party-advisory
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
n/a Dokploy Affected: 0.29.0
Affected: 0.29.1
Affected: 0.29.2
Affected: 0.29.3
Affected: 0.29.4
Affected: 0.29.5
Affected: 0.29.6
Affected: 0.29.7
    cpe:2.3:a:dokploy:dokploy:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-82877 (GCVE-0-2026-82877)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-31 10:51 – Updated: 2026-08-31 10:51
VLAI
Title
ILIAS before 9.22 Arbitrary File Read via SOAP addFile
Summary
ILIAS versions before 9.22, 10.0 through 10.9, and 11.0 through 11.2 contain an arbitrary file read vulnerability in the SOAP addFile method that allows authenticated users to read server files by supplying crafted XML with COPY-mode imports. Attackers can construct absolute file paths through an unsandboxed import directory and retrieve sensitive files including configuration files containing database credentials and setup passwords.
CWE
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
ILIAS-eLearning e.V. ILIAS Affected: 0 , < 9.22 (custom)
Affected: 10.0 , < 10.10 (custom)
Affected: 11.0 , < 11.3 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:ilias:ilias:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ilias:ilias:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ilias:ilias:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-09-01 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-82673 (GCVE-0-2026-82673)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-31 02:33 – Updated: 2026-08-31 14:50
VLAI
Title
Path traversal in AshAdmin file uploads via unsanitized client filename
Summary
Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory (Path Traversal) vulnerability in ash-project ash_admin allows writing attacker-controlled bytes to arbitrary paths on the server. AshAdmin.Components.Resource.Form.consume_file_uploads/1 builds the destination as Path.join([tmp_dir, entry.client_name]) and writes it with File.cp!/2. entry.client_name is the browser-supplied filename and is not sanitized, and Path.join/1 does not normalize ... An upload named ../../../../var/www/app/priv/static/x.png therefore escapes the random temp directory and lands anywhere the BEAM user can write, enabling arbitrary file write and potentially remote code execution by overwriting application assets, configuration, or cron/ssh files. The only guard is an extension allowlist defaulting to :any that checks only the extension. The fix strips path components with Path.basename/1 before joining. This issue affects ash_admin: from 0.13.7 before 1.3.1.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-31 14:49 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
ash-project ash_admin Affected: 0.13.7 , < 1.3.1 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:ash-project:ash_admin:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
ash-project ash_admin Affected: e8f496b6a064ad67dc1cd30433e5921d2192d254 , < 4bb41cb697f3d9be58462d727aed75aba76efc82 (git)
    cpe:2.3:a:ash-project:ash_admin:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-82665 (GCVE-0-2026-82665)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-31 08:15 – Updated: 2026-08-31 14:35 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
yaojingang GEOFlow Image Library Cleanup ImageLibraryController.php unlink path traversal
Summary
A vulnerability was detected in yaojingang GEOFlow up to 2.1.0. This vulnerability affects the function unlink of the file app/Http/Controllers/Admin/ImageLibraryController.php of the component Image Library Cleanup. The manipulation of the argument file_path results in path traversal. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit is now public and may be used. Upgrading to version 2.1.1 is able to resolve this issue. The patch is identified as 67abfd864a15d169a78429f3290c91cb3b93e849. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-31 14:35 UTC
CWE
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
yaojingang GEOFlow Affected: 2.0
Affected: 2.1.0
Unaffected: 2.1.1
    cpe:2.3:a:yaojingang:geoflow:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-82656 (GCVE-0-2026-82656)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-30 14:33 – Updated: 2026-08-31 18:52
VLAI
Title
Admidio before 5.0.12 Path Traversal via Photo ZIP Download
Summary
Admidio before 5.0.12 fails to sanitize album names in the photo ZIP download functionality, allowing authenticated users with album-creation rights to include path traversal segments in archive entry names. Attackers can craft malicious album names containing directory traversal sequences that escape the intended directory when recipients extract the archive, potentially writing files outside the target directory.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-31 16:23 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Admidio admidio Affected: 0 , < 5.0.12 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.0.12 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:admidio:admidio:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-08-16 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-82635 (GCVE-0-2026-82635)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-30 12:26 – Updated: 2026-08-31 16:58
VLAI
Title
Pake arbitrary file write via unsanitized download_file filename
Summary
Pake before 3.13.1 joins the JavaScript-supplied filename for the download_file Tauri command onto the user's Downloads directory with no sanitization. A filename containing path traversal sequences (for example ../Library/LaunchAgents/com.evil.plist) or an absolute path resolves outside ~/Downloads. The command then fetches attacker-controlled content from the supplied URL (via Rust HTTP, not the browser) and writes it to that path. A script that can invoke the command can overwrite user-writable files and install persistence (macOS LaunchAgents, Linux autostart, Windows Startup), leading to code execution in the user account. All desktop apps generated from an affected Pake tree expose the same command.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-31 16:58 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
tw93 Pake Affected: 0 , < 3.13.1 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-82603 (GCVE-0-2026-82603)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-31 01:45 – Updated: 2026-08-31 01:45 X_Freeware
VLAI
Title
SeaCMS Comment Cache member.php del_pl path traversal
Summary
A vulnerability was detected in SeaCMS up to 13.6. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /member.php?action=del_pl of the component Comment Cache. The manipulation of the argument itype/vid results in path traversal. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit is now public and may be used.
CWE
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/397105 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/397105/cti signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-82603 third-party-advisory
https://vuldb.com/submit/892790 third-party-advisory
https://github.com/T-Chachamaru/seacms-13.6-secur… exploit
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
n/a SeaCMS Affected: 13.0
Affected: 13.1
Affected: 13.2
Affected: 13.3
Affected: 13.4
Affected: 13.5
Affected: 13.6
    cpe:2.3:a:seacms:seacms:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-82599 (GCVE-0-2026-82599)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-31 00:45 – Updated: 2026-08-31 16:11 X_Freeware
VLAI
Title
SeaCMS Avatar Upload member.php unlink path traversal
Summary
A vulnerability was identified in SeaCMS up to 13.6. Affected by this vulnerability is the function unlink of the file /member.php?action=chgpwdsubmit of the component Avatar Upload. Such manipulation of the argument oldpic leads to path traversal. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-31 16:11 UTC
CWE
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/397101 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/397101/cti signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-82599 third-party-advisory
https://vuldb.com/submit/892780 third-party-advisory
https://github.com/T-Chachamaru/seacms-13.6-secur… exploit
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
n/a SeaCMS Affected: 13.0
Affected: 13.1
Affected: 13.2
Affected: 13.3
Affected: 13.4
Affected: 13.5
Affected: 13.6
    cpe:2.3:a:seacms:seacms:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-82460 (GCVE-0-2026-82460)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-29 16:35 – Updated: 2026-08-31 18:35
VLAI
Title
Cloud Commander before 19.20.2 Directory Traversal via REST and Markdown
Summary
Cloud Commander before 19.20.2 contains a directory traversal vulnerability in REST file-operation and markdown endpoints that fails to properly validate path normalization. Attackers can use path traversal sequences to read, write, move, or copy files outside the configured root directory.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-31 18:25 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
coderaiser cloudcmd Affected: 0 , < 19.20.2 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-08-24 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-82393 (GCVE-0-2026-82393)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-31 21:12 – Updated: 2026-08-31 21:12
VLAI
Title
pnpm: A tarball dependency's manifest `name` escapes node_modules → arbitrary file write/overwrite on install
Summary
pnpm is a package manager. Prior to 10.34.5 and 11.11.0, pnpm accepts a scoped path traversal in a tarball dependency's package.json manifest name because pnpm11/resolving/npm-resolver/src/pickPackage.ts rejects slash characters only for unscoped names. During pnpm install, the unvalidated name reaches raw path joins in pnpm11/installing/deps-resolver/src/resolvePeers.ts, pnpm11/installing/deps-resolver/src/index.ts, and pnpm11/deps/graph-builder/src/lockfileToDepGraph.ts, causing package extraction outside node_modules and allowing attacker-controlled files to overwrite arbitrary filesystem paths even when --ignore-scripts is used. The overwrite can replace shell startup files, Git hooks, or installed package code and lead to code execution. This issue is fixed in versions 10.34.5, and 11.11.0.
CWE
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
  • CWE-73 - External Control of File Name or Path
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
pnpm pnpm Affected: < 10.34.5
Affected: >= 11.0.0, < 11.11.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "pnpm",
          "vendor": "pnpm",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 10.34.5"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
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        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
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            "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 7.5,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
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              "cweId": "CWE-22",
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          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-94",
              "description": "CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code (\u0027Code Injection\u0027)",
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          "name": "https://github.com/pnpm/pnpm/security/advisories/GHSA-vq4v-j7r6-jq4m",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/pnpm/pnpm/security/advisories/GHSA-vq4v-j7r6-jq4m"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/pnpm/pnpm/pull/12872",
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          "url": "https://github.com/pnpm/pnpm/pull/12872"
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          "name": "https://github.com/pnpm/pnpm/pull/12890",
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          "url": "https://github.com/pnpm/pnpm/commit/51300fd41c5e4c8f47635108e373cc3d1f324fa7"
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          "url": "https://github.com/pnpm/pnpm/commit/78e29fe5583a1e5d69ea05e414eff310f78d5ed9"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/pnpm/pnpm/releases/tag/v10.34.5",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
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          "url": "https://github.com/pnpm/pnpm/releases/tag/v10.34.5"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/pnpm/pnpm/releases/tag/v11.11.0",
          "tags": [
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          "url": "https://github.com/pnpm/pnpm/releases/tag/v11.11.0"
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      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-vq4v-j7r6-jq4m",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
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      "title": "pnpm: A tarball dependency\u0027s manifest `name` escapes node_modules \u2192 arbitrary file write/overwrite on install"
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Mitigation MIT-5.1
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • When validating filenames, use stringent allowlists that limit the character set to be used. If feasible, only allow a single "." character in the filename to avoid weaknesses such as CWE-23, and exclude directory separators such as "/" to avoid CWE-36. Use a list of allowable file extensions, which will help to avoid CWE-434.
  • Do not rely exclusively on a filtering mechanism that removes potentially dangerous characters. This is equivalent to a denylist, which may be incomplete (CWE-184). For example, filtering "/" is insufficient protection if the filesystem also supports the use of "\" as a directory separator. Another possible error could occur when the filtering is applied in a way that still produces dangerous data (CWE-182). For example, if "../" sequences are removed from the ".../...//" string in a sequential fashion, two instances of "../" would be removed from the original string, but the remaining characters would still form the "../" string.
Mitigation MIT-15
Architecture and Design

For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.

Mitigation MIT-20.1
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked.
  • Use a built-in path canonicalization function (such as realpath() in C) that produces the canonical version of the pathname, which effectively removes ".." sequences and symbolic links (CWE-23, CWE-59). This includes:
  • realpath() in C
  • getCanonicalPath() in Java
  • GetFullPath() in ASP.NET
  • realpath() or abs_path() in Perl
  • realpath() in PHP
Mitigation MIT-4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].

Mitigation MIT-29
Operation

Strategy: Firewall

Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].

Mitigation MIT-17
Architecture and Design Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.

Mitigation MIT-21.1
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion

  • When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
  • For example, ID 1 could map to "inbox.txt" and ID 2 could map to "profile.txt". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-185] provide this capability.
Mitigation MIT-22
Architecture and Design Operation

Strategy: Sandbox or Jail

  • Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
  • OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
  • This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
  • Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-34
Architecture and Design Operation

Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction

  • Store library, include, and utility files outside of the web document root, if possible. Otherwise, store them in a separate directory and use the web server's access control capabilities to prevent attackers from directly requesting them. One common practice is to define a fixed constant in each calling program, then check for the existence of the constant in the library/include file; if the constant does not exist, then the file was directly requested, and it can exit immediately.
  • This significantly reduces the chance of an attacker being able to bypass any protection mechanisms that are in the base program but not in the include files. It will also reduce the attack surface.
Mitigation MIT-39
Implementation
  • Ensure that error messages only contain minimal details that are useful to the intended audience and no one else. The messages need to strike the balance between being too cryptic (which can confuse users) or being too detailed (which may reveal more than intended). The messages should not reveal the methods that were used to determine the error. Attackers can use detailed information to refine or optimize their original attack, thereby increasing their chances of success.
  • If errors must be captured in some detail, record them in log messages, but consider what could occur if the log messages can be viewed by attackers. Highly sensitive information such as passwords should never be saved to log files.
  • Avoid inconsistent messaging that might accidentally tip off an attacker about internal state, such as whether a user account exists or not.
  • In the context of path traversal, error messages which disclose path information can help attackers craft the appropriate attack strings to move through the file system hierarchy.
Mitigation MIT-16
Operation Implementation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

When using PHP, configure the application so that it does not use register_globals. During implementation, develop the application so that it does not rely on this feature, but be wary of implementing a register_globals emulation that is subject to weaknesses such as CWE-95, CWE-621, and similar issues.

CAPEC-126: Path Traversal

An adversary uses path manipulation methods to exploit insufficient input validation of a target to obtain access to data that should be not be retrievable by ordinary well-formed requests. A typical variety of this attack involves specifying a path to a desired file together with dot-dot-slash characters, resulting in the file access API or function traversing out of the intended directory structure and into the root file system. By replacing or modifying the expected path information the access function or API retrieves the file desired by the attacker. These attacks either involve the attacker providing a complete path to a targeted file or using control characters (e.g. path separators (/ or \) and/or dots (.)) to reach desired directories or files.

CAPEC-64: Using Slashes and URL Encoding Combined to Bypass Validation Logic

This attack targets the encoding of the URL combined with the encoding of the slash characters. An attacker can take advantage of the multiple ways of encoding a URL and abuse the interpretation of the URL. A URL may contain special character that need special syntax handling in order to be interpreted. Special characters are represented using a percentage character followed by two digits representing the octet code of the original character (%HEX-CODE). For instance US-ASCII space character would be represented with %20. This is often referred as escaped ending or percent-encoding. Since the server decodes the URL from the requests, it may restrict the access to some URL paths by validating and filtering out the URL requests it received. An attacker will try to craft an URL with a sequence of special characters which once interpreted by the server will be equivalent to a forbidden URL. It can be difficult to protect against this attack since the URL can contain other format of encoding such as UTF-8 encoding, Unicode-encoding, etc.

CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls

An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.

CAPEC-78: Using Escaped Slashes in Alternate Encoding

This attack targets the use of the backslash in alternate encoding. An adversary can provide a backslash as a leading character and causes a parser to believe that the next character is special. This is called an escape. By using that trick, the adversary tries to exploit alternate ways to encode the same character which leads to filter problems and opens avenues to attack.

CAPEC-79: Using Slashes in Alternate Encoding

This attack targets the encoding of the Slash characters. An adversary would try to exploit common filtering problems related to the use of the slashes characters to gain access to resources on the target host. Directory-driven systems, such as file systems and databases, typically use the slash character to indicate traversal between directories or other container components. For murky historical reasons, PCs (and, as a result, Microsoft OSs) choose to use a backslash, whereas the UNIX world typically makes use of the forward slash. The schizophrenic result is that many MS-based systems are required to understand both forms of the slash. This gives the adversary many opportunities to discover and abuse a number of common filtering problems. The goal of this pattern is to discover server software that only applies filters to one version, but not the other.