Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-129

Allowed

Improper Validation of Array Index

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft

The product uses untrusted input when calculating or using an array index, but the product does not validate or incorrectly validates the index to ensure the index references a valid position within the array.

871 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-50144 (GCVE-0-2026-50144)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-15 20:04 – Updated: 2026-07-17 12:27
VLAI
Title
ncnn: Out-of-bounds heap write in ParamDict::load_param via unchecked negative parameter id
Summary
ncnn is a high-performance neural network inference framework optimized for the mobile platform. In commit e54f7b1f88434e1d844ea0551b880a1cfb079ce1 and earlier, ncnn allows an out-of-bounds heap write in ncnn::ParamDict::load_param() when Net::load_param() loads a malicious .param model file because the parsed parameter id is checked only against id >= NCNN_MAX_PARAM_COUNT, allowing a negative id to index before the params[NCNN_MAX_PARAM_COUNT] array. This vulnerability is fixed by commit 5a0288f255daa6c3294f77109f67718e434ec020.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-17 12:27 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-20 - Improper Input Validation
  • CWE-129 - Improper Validation of Array Index
  • CWE-787 - Out-of-bounds Write
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7610 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Tencent ncnn Affected: < 5a0288f255daa6c3294f77109f67718e434ec020
Affected: <= 20260526
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-49838 (GCVE-0-2026-49838)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-10 21:57 – Updated: 2026-09-11 20:31
VLAI
Title
GoBGP confederation validation panics on empty AS_PATH attribute
Summary
GoBGP is an open source Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) implementation in the Go Programming Language. Prior to version 4.7.0, GoBGP accepts a zero-length AS_PATH during UPDATE decoding and later panics while validating that attribute for a confederation eBGP peer. The vulnerable path is in the BGP UPDATE validator: a malformed UPDATE that should be rejected as a malformed AS_PATH instead reaches an unchecked `p.Value[0]` access, allowing a configured confederation eBGP peer to trigger a denial of service. Version 4.7.0 patches the issue.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-11 16:31 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-129 - Improper Validation of Array Index
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7610 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
osrg gobgp Affected: < 4.7.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-49282 (GCVE-0-2026-49282)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-14 17:44 – Updated: 2026-08-17 18:11
VLAI
Title
Capstone M68K and RISCV `cs_insn_name()` invalid IDs can trigger out-of-bounds reads and process crashes
Summary
Capstone is a disassembly framework. Prior to version 6.0.0-Alpha9, Capstone's public `cs_insn_name()` API forwards caller-supplied instruction IDs directly to the selected architecture backend. Most backends validate the ID before indexing instruction-name tables, but the M68K and RISCV backends have missing or incomplete bounds checks. On a Capstone handle opened for M68K or RISCV, a caller-controlled invalid instruction ID can trigger an out-of-bounds read and crash the process. The demonstrated impact is availability loss in applications or bindings that expose instruction-name lookup to untrusted IDs. No code execution or data disclosure was demonstrated. Version 6.0.0-Alpha9 patches the issue.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-17 18:10 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
  • CWE-129 - Improper Validation of Array Index
  • CWE-191 - Integer Underflow (Wrap or Wraparound)
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7610 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
capstone-engine capstone Affected: < 6.0.0-Alpha9
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-48741 (GCVE-0-2026-48741)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-16 15:45 – Updated: 2026-10-16 15:45
VLAI
Title
libIEC61850: Remote NULL dereference in MMS Read alternate-access sub-array path leads to server-side DoS
Summary
libIEC61850 is an open-source implementation of IEC 61850 client and server protocols including MMS, GOOSE, Sampled Values, and R-Session. Prior to 1.6.2, alternateArrayAccess in src/mms/iso_mms/server/mms_read_service.c does not validate an alternate-access sub-array range when numberOfElements is greater than zero. An out-of-range MmsValue_getElement call returns NULL, and the sub-array branch passes that value to MmsValue_isDeletable, causing a NULL pointer dereference. A remote MMS Read request can therefore crash servers whose data models contain arrays, while the single-element error path handles the same invalid index safely. This issue is fixed in version 1.6.2.
CWE
  • CWE-129 - Improper Validation of Array Index
  • CWE-252 - Unchecked Return Value
  • CWE-476 - NULL Pointer Dereference
  • CWE-754 - Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7610 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website

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        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
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      "title": "libIEC61850: Remote NULL dereference in MMS Read alternate-access sub-array path leads to server-side DoS"
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CVE-2026-47533 (GCVE-0-2026-47533)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-30 15:52 – Updated: 2026-10-01 03:56
VLAI
Summary
NVIDIA GPU Display Driver for Windows and Linux contains a vulnerability in the kernel mode layer where an attacker could cause an improper validation of an array index. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to code execution, denial of service, escalation of privileges, information disclosure, and data tampering.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-30 00:00 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-129 - Improper Validation of Array Index
Assigner
nvidia CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 65/100 over 326 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
NVIDIA GeForce Affected: All driver versions prior to 610.60
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA RTX, Quadro, NVS Affected: All driver versions prior to 610.88
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA GeForce Affected: All driver versions prior to 616.56
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA RTX, Quadro, NVS Affected: All driver versions prior to 616.92
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA GeForce Affected: All driver versions prior to 582.78 Only GPUs based on the NVIDIA Maxwell, Volta, and Pascal GPU architectures are affected.
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA RTX, Quadro, NVS Affected: All driver versions prior to 582.78
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA RTX, Quadro, NVS Affected: All driver versions prior to 596.86
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA Tesla Affected: All driver versions prior to 596.86
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA Tesla Affected: All driver versions prior to 616.92
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA Tesla Affected: All driver versions prior to 610.88
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA GeForce Affected: All driver versions prior to 615.71.09
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA GeForce Affected: All driver versions prior to 610.57.04
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA RTX, Quadro, NVS Affected: All driver versions prior to 615.71.09
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA RTX, Quadro, NVS Affected: All driver versions prior to 610.57.04
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA RTX, Quadro, NVS Affected: All driver versions prior to 595.91.07
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA RTX, Quadro, NVS Affected: All driver versions prior to 580.178.04
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA Tesla Affected: All driver versions prior to 615.71.09
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA Tesla Affected: All driver versions prior to 610.57.04
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA Tesla Affected: All driver versions prior to 595.91.07
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA Tesla Affected: All driver versions prior to 580.178.04
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA GeForce Affected: All driver versions prior to 595.91.07
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA GeForce Affected: All driver versions prior to 580.178.04
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-47525 (GCVE-0-2026-47525)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-30 15:52 – Updated: 2026-10-02 03:55
VLAI
Summary
NVIDIA GPU Display Driver for Windows and Linux contains a vulnerability in the kernel mode layer where an attacker could cause an improper validation of an array index. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to code execution, denial of service, escalation of privileges, information disclosure, and data tampering.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-01 00:00 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-129 - Improper Validation of Array Index
Assigner
nvidia CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 65/100 over 326 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
NVIDIA GeForce Affected: All driver versions prior to 610.60
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA RTX, Quadro, NVS Affected: All driver versions prior to 610.88
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA GeForce Affected: All driver versions prior to 616.56
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA RTX, Quadro, NVS Affected: All driver versions prior to 616.92
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA GeForce Affected: All driver versions prior to 582.78 Only GPUs based on the NVIDIA Maxwell, Volta, and Pascal GPU architectures are affected.
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA RTX, Quadro, NVS Affected: All driver versions prior to 582.78
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA RTX, Quadro, NVS Affected: All driver versions prior to 596.86
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA Tesla Affected: All driver versions prior to 596.86
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA Tesla Affected: All driver versions prior to 616.92
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA Tesla Affected: All driver versions prior to 610.88
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA GeForce Affected: All driver versions prior to 615.71.09
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA GeForce Affected: All driver versions prior to 610.57.04
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA RTX, Quadro, NVS Affected: All driver versions prior to 615.71.09
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA RTX, Quadro, NVS Affected: All driver versions prior to 610.57.04
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA RTX, Quadro, NVS Affected: All driver versions prior to 595.91.07
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA RTX, Quadro, NVS Affected: All driver versions prior to 580.178.04
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA Tesla Affected: All driver versions prior to 615.71.09
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA Tesla Affected: All driver versions prior to 610.57.04
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA Tesla Affected: All driver versions prior to 595.91.07
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA Tesla Affected: All driver versions prior to 580.178.04
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA GeForce Affected: All driver versions prior to 595.91.07
Create a notification for this product.
NVIDIA GeForce Affected: All driver versions prior to 580.178.04
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-47507 (GCVE-0-2026-47507)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-30 15:49 – Updated: 2026-10-01 03:56
VLAI
Summary
NVIDIA GPU Display Driver for Windows and Linux contains a vulnerability in the kernel mode layer, where a user could cause an out-of-bounds array access. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to code execution, denial of service, escalation of privileges, information disclosure, and data tampering.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-30 00:00 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-129 - Improper Validation of Array Index
Assigner
nvidia CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 65/100 over 326 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
NVIDIA GeForce Affected: All driver versions prior to 610.60
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NVIDIA RTX, Quadro, NVS Affected: All driver versions prior to 610.88
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NVIDIA GeForce Affected: All driver versions prior to 616.56
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NVIDIA RTX, Quadro, NVS Affected: All driver versions prior to 616.92
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NVIDIA GeForce Affected: All driver versions prior to 582.78 Only GPUs based on the NVIDIA Maxwell, Volta, and Pascal GPU architectures are affected.
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NVIDIA RTX, Quadro, NVS Affected: All driver versions prior to 582.78
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NVIDIA RTX, Quadro, NVS Affected: All driver versions prior to 596.86
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NVIDIA Tesla Affected: All driver versions prior to 596.86
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NVIDIA Tesla Affected: All driver versions prior to 616.92
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NVIDIA Tesla Affected: All driver versions prior to 610.88
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NVIDIA GeForce Affected: All driver versions prior to 615.71.09
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NVIDIA GeForce Affected: All driver versions prior to 610.57.04
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NVIDIA RTX, Quadro, NVS Affected: All driver versions prior to 615.71.09
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NVIDIA RTX, Quadro, NVS Affected: All driver versions prior to 610.57.04
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NVIDIA RTX, Quadro, NVS Affected: All driver versions prior to 595.91.07
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NVIDIA RTX, Quadro, NVS Affected: All driver versions prior to 580.178.04
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NVIDIA Tesla Affected: All driver versions prior to 615.71.09
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NVIDIA Tesla Affected: All driver versions prior to 610.57.04
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NVIDIA Tesla Affected: All driver versions prior to 595.91.07
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NVIDIA Tesla Affected: All driver versions prior to 580.178.04
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NVIDIA GeForce Affected: All driver versions prior to 595.91.07
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NVIDIA GeForce Affected: All driver versions prior to 580.178.04
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NVIDIA Virtual GPU Manager Affected: 595.71.03(All versions prior to and including vGPU 20.1)
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NVIDIA Virtual GPU Manager Affected: 580.159.01(All versions prior to and including vGPU 19.5)
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NVIDIA Virtual GPU Manager Affected: 596.38(All versions prior to and including vGPU 20.1)
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NVIDIA Virtual GPU Manager Affected: 582.51(All versions prior to and including vGPU 19.5)
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Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-46377 (GCVE-0-2026-46377)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-16 17:57 – Updated: 2026-07-16 18:21
VLAI
Title
Dasel: Index-out-of-range panic in dasel selector lexer on trailing backslash in quoted string
Summary
Dasel is a command-line tool and library for querying, modifying, and transforming data structures. From 3.0.0 until 3.10.1, the escape sequence handler in (*Tokenizer).parseCurRune in selector/lexer/tokenize.go increments past a trailing backslash in a quoted string such as "\ or '\ and then reads p.src[pos] without a bounds check, allowing attacker-controlled selector strings to trigger a Go index-out-of-range panic. This issue is fixed in version 3.10.1.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-16 18:21 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-129 - Improper Validation of Array Index
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7610 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
TomWright dasel Affected: >= 3.0.0, < 3.10.1
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-45799 (GCVE-0-2026-45799)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-17 19:49 – Updated: 2026-07-20 13:51
VLAI
Title
Wire: skipGroup() missing negative-length check allows 10-byte payload to crash any Wire-decoding service
Summary
Wire provides gRPC and protocol buffers for Android, Kotlin, Swift, and Java. Prior to 6.3.0 and 7.0.0-alpha03, ByteArrayProtoReader32.skipGroup() and ProtoReader.skipGroup() in wire-runtime do not validate that a LENGTH_DELIMITED field length is non-negative before skip(), allowing a crafted protobuf varint encoding -128 as a signed Int to make skip(-128) move the internal position negative and make the next readByte() throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException instead of the documented IOException or ProtocolException, which can crash services using ProtoAdapter.decode(byte[]) on untrusted payloads. This issue is fixed in versions 6.3.0 and 7.0.0-alpha03.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-20 13:51 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-129 - Improper Validation of Array Index
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7610 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
square wire Affected: < 6.3.0
Affected: >= 7.0.0-alpha01, < 7.0.0-alpha03
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-45624 (GCVE-0-2026-45624)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-10 21:29 – Updated: 2026-06-23 15:53
VLAI
Title
ImageMagick: Heap Buffer Over-Read of a 4 bytes in distort operation.
Summary
ImageMagick is free and open-source software used for editing and manipulating digital images. Prior to versions 6.9.13-47 and 7.1.2-22, when performing a polynomial distortion an out of bounds over-read of 24 bytes can occur when specifying specific arguments. This issue has been patched in versions 6.9.13-47 and 7.1.2-22.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-11 12:46 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
  • CWE-129 - Improper Validation of Array Index
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7610 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
ImageMagick ImageMagick Affected: < 6.9.13-47
Affected: < 7.1.2-22
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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Mitigation MIT-7
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Input Validation

Use an input validation framework such as Struts or the OWASP ESAPI Validation API. Note that using a framework does not automatically address all input validation problems; be mindful of weaknesses that could arise from misusing the framework itself (CWE-1173).

Mitigation MIT-15
Architecture and Design
  • For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
  • Even though client-side checks provide minimal benefits with respect to server-side security, they are still useful. First, they can support intrusion detection. If the server receives input that should have been rejected by the client, then it may be an indication of an attack. Second, client-side error-checking can provide helpful feedback to the user about the expectations for valid input. Third, there may be a reduction in server-side processing time for accidental input errors, although this is typically a small savings.
Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements

Strategy: Language Selection

  • Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, Ada allows the programmer to constrain the values of a variable and languages such as Java and Ruby will allow the programmer to handle exceptions when an out-of-bounds index is accessed.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
  • Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • When accessing a user-controlled array index, use a stringent range of values that are within the target array. Make sure that you do not allow negative values to be used. That is, verify the minimum as well as the maximum of the range of acceptable values.
Mitigation MIT-35
Implementation

Be especially careful to validate all input when invoking code that crosses language boundaries, such as from an interpreted language to native code. This could create an unexpected interaction between the language boundaries. Ensure that you are not violating any of the expectations of the language with which you are interfacing. For example, even though Java may not be susceptible to buffer overflows, providing a large argument in a call to native code might trigger an overflow.

Mitigation MIT-17
Architecture and Design Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.

Mitigation MIT-22
Architecture and Design Operation

Strategy: Sandbox or Jail

  • Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
  • OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
  • This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
  • Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
CAPEC-100: Overflow Buffers

Buffer Overflow attacks target improper or missing bounds checking on buffer operations, typically triggered by input injected by an adversary. As a consequence, an adversary is able to write past the boundaries of allocated buffer regions in memory, causing a program crash or potentially redirection of execution as per the adversaries' choice.