Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
11347 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-V836-M9QV-79GP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-15 18:31 – Updated: 2026-01-15 18:31
VLAI
Details
An out-of-bounds read in the GSF demuxer filter component of GPAC v2.4.0 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted .gsf file.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-70308"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-01-15T17:16:06Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds read in the GSF demuxer filter component of GPAC v2.4.0 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted .gsf file.",
"id": "GHSA-v836-m9qv-79gp",
"modified": "2026-01-15T18:31:33Z",
"published": "2026-01-15T18:31:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-70308"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/zakkanijia/POC/blob/main/gpac_gsf/GPAC_gsf.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-V858-P3PC-HQJH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-23 15:30 – Updated: 2026-07-14 00:31
VLAI
Details
A flaw was found in the GNU Binutils BFD library, a widely used component for handling binary files such as object files and executables. The issue occurs when processing specially crafted XCOFF object files, where a relocation type value is not properly validated before being used. This can cause the program to read memory outside of intended bounds. As a result, affected tools may crash or expose unintended memory contents, leading to denial-of-service or limited information disclosure risks.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-4647"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-23T14:16:36Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A flaw was found in the GNU Binutils BFD library, a widely used component for handling binary files such as object files and executables. The issue occurs when processing specially crafted XCOFF object files, where a relocation type value is not properly validated before being used. This can cause the program to read memory outside of intended bounds. As a result, affected tools may crash or expose unintended memory contents, leading to denial-of-service or limited information disclosure risks.",
"id": "GHSA-v858-p3pc-hqjh",
"modified": "2026-07-14T00:31:00Z",
"published": "2026-03-23T15:30:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-4647"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:33527"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:39022"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-4647"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2450302"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=33919"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-V85C-WG53-QGRM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-11 21:31 – Updated: 2025-02-18 15:31
VLAI
Details
In update_freq_data of TBD, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-27218"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-11T19:15:48Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In update_freq_data of TBD, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.",
"id": "GHSA-v85c-wg53-qgrm",
"modified": "2025-02-18T15:31:05Z",
"published": "2024-03-11T21:31:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-27218"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/pixel/2024-03-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-V85J-72GV-6FC7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-10-29 12:00 – Updated: 2022-10-31 19:00
VLAI
Details
Nginx NJS v0.7.2 to v0.7.4 was discovered to contain a segmentation violation via njs_scope_valid_value at njs_scope.h.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-43284"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-10-28T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Nginx NJS v0.7.2 to v0.7.4 was discovered to contain a segmentation violation via njs_scope_valid_value at njs_scope.h.",
"id": "GHSA-v85j-72gv-6fc7",
"modified": "2022-10-31T19:00:25Z",
"published": "2022-10-29T12:00:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-43284"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/nginx/njs/issues/470"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/nginx/njs/issues/529"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-V86F-P49M-5CFC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:19 – Updated: 2022-05-17 02:19
VLAI
Details
The _bfd_xcoff_read_ar_hdr function in bfd/coff-rs6000.c and bfd/coff64-rs6000.c in the Binary File Descriptor (BFD) library (aka libbfd), as distributed in GNU Binutils 2.29 and earlier, allows remote attackers to cause an out of bounds stack read via a crafted COFF image file.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-12451"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-08-04T15:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The _bfd_xcoff_read_ar_hdr function in bfd/coff-rs6000.c and bfd/coff64-rs6000.c in the Binary File Descriptor (BFD) library (aka libbfd), as distributed in GNU Binutils 2.29 and earlier, allows remote attackers to cause an out of bounds stack read via a crafted COFF image file.",
"id": "GHSA-v86f-p49m-5cfc",
"modified": "2022-05-17T02:19:46Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T02:19:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-12451"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=21786"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-V878-X7W4-9PGR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:44 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:44
VLAI
Details
An error within the "LibRaw::xtrans_interpolate()" function (internal/dcraw_common.cpp) in LibRaw versions prior to 0.18.6 can be exploited to cause an invalid read memory access and subsequently a Denial of Service condition.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-16910"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-12-07T22:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An error within the \"LibRaw::xtrans_interpolate()\" function (internal/dcraw_common.cpp) in LibRaw versions prior to 0.18.6 can be exploited to cause an invalid read memory access and subsequently a Denial of Service condition.",
"id": "GHSA-v878-x7w4-9pgr",
"modified": "2022-05-14T01:44:33Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T01:44:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-16910"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/LibRaw/LibRaw/commit/5563e6ddc3f7cb93d98b491194ceebdee7288d36"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/LibRaw/LibRaw/blob/master/Changelog.txt"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://secuniaresearch.flexerasoftware.com/advisories/76000"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://secuniaresearch.flexerasoftware.com/secunia_research/2017-19"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3615-1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-V885-9H3J-RHMG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:40 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:40
VLAI
Details
In macOS High Sierra before 10.13.5, an out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved input validation.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-4256"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-01-11T18:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In macOS High Sierra before 10.13.5, an out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved input validation.",
"id": "GHSA-v885-9h3j-rhmg",
"modified": "2022-05-14T01:40:29Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T01:40:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-4256"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT208849"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-V892-CRG8-X63H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 00:52 – Updated: 2022-05-14 00:52
VLAI
Details
Adobe Acrobat and Reader versions 2019.008.20081 and earlier, 2019.008.20080 and earlier, 2019.008.20081 and earlier, 2017.011.30106 and earlier version, 2017.011.30105 and earlier version, 2015.006.30457 and earlier, and 2015.006.30456 and earlier have an out-of-bounds read vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to information disclosure.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-19705"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-01-18T17:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Adobe Acrobat and Reader versions 2019.008.20081 and earlier, 2019.008.20080 and earlier, 2019.008.20081 and earlier, 2017.011.30106 and earlier version, 2017.011.30105 and earlier version, 2015.006.30457 and earlier, and 2015.006.30456 and earlier have an out-of-bounds read vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to information disclosure.",
"id": "GHSA-v892-crg8-x63h",
"modified": "2022-05-14T00:52:32Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T00:52:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-19705"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat/apsb18-41.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/106162"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-V898-4VH8-7F99
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:47 – Updated: 2025-01-08 00:30
VLAI
Details
In LibTIFF 4.0.7, the program processes BMP images without verifying that biWidth and biHeight in the bitmap-information header match the actual input, leading to a heap-based buffer over-read in bmp2tiff.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-9117"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-05-21T19:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "In LibTIFF 4.0.7, the program processes BMP images without verifying that biWidth and biHeight in the bitmap-information header match the actual input, leading to a heap-based buffer over-read in bmp2tiff.",
"id": "GHSA-v898-4vh8-7f99",
"modified": "2025-01-08T00:30:45Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:47:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-9117"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/libtiff/libtiff/-/issues/89"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3606-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://bugzilla.maptools.org/show_bug.cgi?id=2690"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/98581"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-V89C-QC56-RR3M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 00:58 – Updated: 2022-05-14 00:58
VLAI
Details
An issue was discovered in PHP before 5.6.40, 7.x before 7.1.26, 7.2.x before 7.2.14, and 7.3.x before 7.3.1. xmlrpc_decode() can allow a hostile XMLRPC server to cause PHP to read memory outside of allocated areas in base64_decode_xmlrpc in ext/xmlrpc/libxmlrpc/base64.c.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-9024"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-02-22T23:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in PHP before 5.6.40, 7.x before 7.1.26, 7.2.x before 7.2.14, and 7.3.x before 7.3.1. xmlrpc_decode() can allow a hostile XMLRPC server to cause PHP to read memory outside of allocated areas in base64_decode_xmlrpc in ext/xmlrpc/libxmlrpc/base64.c.",
"id": "GHSA-v89c-qc56-rr3m",
"modified": "2022-05-14T00:58:05Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T00:58:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-9024"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:2519"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:3299"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=77380"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20190321-0001"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3902-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3902-2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2019/dsa-4398"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-04/msg00083.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-04/msg00104.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-06/msg00041.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-06/msg00044.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/107156"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.