Vulnerability-Lookup

FKIE_CVE-2026-54425

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-10-21 12:17 - Updated: 2026-10-26 21:10

Severity

Summary

Uncontrolled recursion in the HTTP/2 HPACK decoder in Apache bRPC before 1.18.0 allows remote attackers to cause denial of service by sending a crafted HTTP/2 header block containing many consecutive Dynamic Table Size Update entries. Each update was decoded by recursively invoking the HPACK decoder, which could exhaust the thread stack before a header field or end of input was reached. Root Cause: The bRPC HPACK decoder recursively decoded the next entry after processing a Dynamic Table Size Update. The decoder did not bound the recursion depth, so a long sequence of update entries could consume excessive stack space. Affected Scenarios: Use bRPC with the built-in HTTP/2 implementation to accept HTTP/2 traffic from an untrusted network. How to Fix: 1. Upgrade bRPC to version 1.18.0, which fixes this issue. 2. Apply this patch: https://github.com/apache/brpc/pull/3343 Note: The fix changes HPACK Dynamic Table Size Update decoding to use iterative parsing instead of recursive parsing.

References

	URL	Tags
	security@apache.org	https://lists.apache.org/thread/2pf15ojj0vr7rtx95677kgtl1mx3gdgb

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "collectionURL": "https://github.com",
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "packageName": "apache/brpc",
          "packageURL": "pkg:github/apache/brpc",
          "product": "Apache bRPC",
          "vendor": "Apache Software Foundation",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "1.18.0",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": "security@apache.org"
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "Uncontrolled recursion in the HTTP/2 HPACK decoder in Apache bRPC before 1.18.0 allows remote attackers to cause denial of service by sending a crafted HTTP/2 header block containing many consecutive Dynamic Table Size Update entries. Each update was decoded by recursively invoking the HPACK decoder, which could exhaust the thread stack before a header field or end of input was reached.\n\nRoot Cause:\nThe bRPC HPACK decoder recursively decoded the next entry after processing a Dynamic Table Size Update. The decoder did not bound the recursion depth, so a long sequence of update entries could consume excessive stack space.\n\nAffected Scenarios:\nUse bRPC with the built-in HTTP/2 implementation to accept HTTP/2 traffic from an untrusted network.\n\nHow to Fix:\n1. Upgrade bRPC to version 1.18.0, which fixes this issue.\n2. Apply this patch:  https://github.com/apache/brpc/pull/3343 \n\nNote:\nThe fix changes HPACK Dynamic Table Size Update decoding to use iterative parsing instead of recursive parsing."
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "Recursi\u00f3n no controlada en el decodificador HPACK de HTTP/2 de Apache bRPC antes de la versi\u00f3n 1.18.0 permite a atacantes remotos provocar una denegaci\u00f3n de servicio enviando un bloque de encabezados HTTP/2 manipulado que contiene muchas entradas consecutivas de Actualizaci\u00f3n del tama\u00f1o de la tabla din\u00e1mica. Cada actualizaci\u00f3n se decodificaba invocando recursivamente el decodificador HPACK, lo que pod\u00eda agotar la pila del hilo antes de que se alcanzara un campo de encabezado o el final de la entrada.\\n\\nCausa ra\u00edz:\\nEl decodificador HPACK de bRPC decodificaba recursivamente la siguiente entrada despu\u00e9s de procesar una Actualizaci\u00f3n del tama\u00f1o de la tabla din\u00e1mica. El decodificador no limitaba la profundidad de la recursi\u00f3n, de modo que una larga secuencia de entradas de actualizaci\u00f3n pod\u00eda consumir un espacio de pila excesivo.\\n\\nEscenarios afectados:\\nUso de bRPC con la implementaci\u00f3n integrada de HTTP/2 para aceptar tr\u00e1fico HTTP/2 desde una red no confiable.\\n\\nC\u00f3mo solucionar:\\n1. Actualice bRPC a la versi\u00f3n 1.18.0, que corrige este problema.  \\n2. Aplique este parche: https://github.com/apache/brpc/pull/3343\\n\\nNota:\\nLa correcci\u00f3n modifica la decodificaci\u00f3n de Actualizaciones del tama\u00f1o de la tabla din\u00e1mica de HPACK para usar un an\u00e1lisis iterativo en lugar de recursivo."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2026-54425",
  "lastModified": "2026-10-26T21:10:00.170",
  "metrics": {},
  "published": "2026-10-21T12:17:21.053",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "security@apache.org",
      "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/2pf15ojj0vr7rtx95677kgtl1mx3gdgb"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "security@apache.org",
  "vulnStatus": "Deferred",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-674"
        }
      ],
      "source": "security@apache.org",
      "type": "Primary"
    }
  ]
}

CVE-2026-54425 (GCVE-0-2026-54425)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-21 11:31 – Updated: 2026-10-21 11:31

Title

Apache bRPC: Stack Exhaustion via Recursive HPACK Dynamic Table Size Update Decoding

Summary

Severity

No CVSS data available.

CWE

CWE-674 - Uncontrolled Recursion

Assigner

apache CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard B 76/100 over 1078 records in the last 180 days details

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://lists.apache.org/thread/2pf15ojj0vr7rtx95…	vendor-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
Apache Software Foundation	Apache bRPC	Affected: 0 , < 1.18.0 (semver)

Credits

黄宏洋(Huang Hongyang)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "collectionURL": "https://github.com",
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "packageName": "apache/brpc",
          "packageURL": "pkg:github/apache/brpc",
          "product": "Apache bRPC",
          "vendor": "Apache Software Foundation",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "1.18.0",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "\u9ec4\u5b8f\u6d0b(Huang Hongyang)"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "Uncontrolled recursion in the HTTP/2 HPACK decoder in Apache bRPC before 1.18.0 allows remote attackers to cause denial of service by sending a crafted HTTP/2 header block containing many consecutive Dynamic Table Size Update entries. Each update was decoded by recursively invoking the HPACK decoder, which could exhaust the thread stack before a header field or end of input was reached.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eRoot Cause:\u003cbr\u003eThe bRPC HPACK decoder recursively decoded the next entry after processing a Dynamic Table Size Update. The decoder did not bound the recursion depth, so a long sequence of update entries could consume excessive stack space.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAffected Scenarios:\u003cbr\u003eUse bRPC with the built-in HTTP/2 implementation to accept HTTP/2 traffic from an untrusted network.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eHow to Fix:\u003cbr\u003e1. Upgrade bRPC to version 1.18.0, which fixes this issue.\u003cbr\u003e2. Apply this patch: \u003ca target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https://github.com/apache/brpc/pull/3343\"\u003ehttps://github.com/apache/brpc/pull/3343\u003c/a\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eNote:\u003cbr\u003eThe fix changes HPACK Dynamic Table Size Update decoding to use iterative parsing instead of recursive parsing."
            }
          ],
          "value": "Uncontrolled recursion in the HTTP/2 HPACK decoder in Apache bRPC before 1.18.0 allows remote attackers to cause denial of service by sending a crafted HTTP/2 header block containing many consecutive Dynamic Table Size Update entries. Each update was decoded by recursively invoking the HPACK decoder, which could exhaust the thread stack before a header field or end of input was reached.\n\nRoot Cause:\nThe bRPC HPACK decoder recursively decoded the next entry after processing a Dynamic Table Size Update. The decoder did not bound the recursion depth, so a long sequence of update entries could consume excessive stack space.\n\nAffected Scenarios:\nUse bRPC with the built-in HTTP/2 implementation to accept HTTP/2 traffic from an untrusted network.\n\nHow to Fix:\n1. Upgrade bRPC to version 1.18.0, which fixes this issue.\n2. Apply this patch:  https://github.com/apache/brpc/pull/3343 \n\nNote:\nThe fix changes HPACK Dynamic Table Size Update decoding to use iterative parsing instead of recursive parsing."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "other": {
            "content": {
              "text": "high"
            },
            "type": "Textual description of severity"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-674",
              "description": "CWE-674 Uncontrolled Recursion",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-10-21T11:31:19.989Z",
        "orgId": "f0158376-9dc2-43b6-827c-5f631a4d8d09",
        "shortName": "apache"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "vendor-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/2pf15ojj0vr7rtx95677kgtl1mx3gdgb"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "EXTERNAL"
      },
      "title": "Apache bRPC: Stack Exhaustion via Recursive HPACK Dynamic Table Size Update Decoding",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "f0158376-9dc2-43b6-827c-5f631a4d8d09",
    "assignerShortName": "apache",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-54425",
    "datePublished": "2026-10-21T11:31:19.989Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-06-14T06:18:42.168Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-10-21T11:31:19.989Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Vulnerability timeline

Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC

Order JSON

Publication & reservation Sightings KEV catalogs Other timestamps

Loading timeline…

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

Action not permitted