CVE-2025-71225 (GCVE-0-2025-71225)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-18 14:21 – Updated: 2026-02-20 11:30
VLAI?
Title
md: suspend array while updating raid_disks via sysfs
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: md: suspend array while updating raid_disks via sysfs In raid1_reshape(), freeze_array() is called before modifying the r1bio memory pool (conf->r1bio_pool) and conf->raid_disks, and unfreeze_array() is called after the update is completed. However, freeze_array() only waits until nr_sync_pending and (nr_pending - nr_queued) of all buckets reaches zero. When an I/O error occurs, nr_queued is increased and the corresponding r1bio is queued to either retry_list or bio_end_io_list. As a result, freeze_array() may unblock before these r1bios are released. This can lead to a situation where conf->raid_disks and the mempool have already been updated while queued r1bios, allocated with the old raid_disks value, are later released. Consequently, free_r1bio() may access memory out of bounds in put_all_bios() and release r1bios of the wrong size to the new mempool, potentially causing issues with the mempool as well. Since only normal I/O might increase nr_queued while an I/O error occurs, suspending the array avoids this issue. Note: Updating raid_disks via ioctl SET_ARRAY_INFO already suspends the array. Therefore, we suspend the array when updating raid_disks via sysfs to avoid this issue too.
Severity ?
No CVSS data available.
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Linux Linux Affected: e2d59925221cd562e07fee38ec8839f7209ae603 , < 165d1359f945b72c5f90088f60d48ff46115269e (git)
Affected: e2d59925221cd562e07fee38ec8839f7209ae603 , < 0107b18cd8ac17eb3e54786adc05a85cdbb6ef22 (git)
Affected: e2d59925221cd562e07fee38ec8839f7209ae603 , < 2cc583653bbe050bacd1cadcc9776d39bf449740 (git)
Affected: 1b9203bb4c658c0242afa6fdb025c71d2fc3ad76 (git)
Affected: 8ccf6cfb157419847f3cb2bfdfbcdbd39860e8e9 (git)
Create a notification for this product.
    Linux Linux Affected: 3.10
Unaffected: 0 , < 3.10 (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.70 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.10 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.19 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/md/md.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "165d1359f945b72c5f90088f60d48ff46115269e",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "e2d59925221cd562e07fee38ec8839f7209ae603",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "0107b18cd8ac17eb3e54786adc05a85cdbb6ef22",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "e2d59925221cd562e07fee38ec8839f7209ae603",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "2cc583653bbe050bacd1cadcc9776d39bf449740",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "e2d59925221cd562e07fee38ec8839f7209ae603",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1b9203bb4c658c0242afa6fdb025c71d2fc3ad76",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "8ccf6cfb157419847f3cb2bfdfbcdbd39860e8e9",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/md/md.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "3.10"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "3.10",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.70",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18.10",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.19",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.70",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "3.10",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.18.10",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "3.10",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.19",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "3.10",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "3.4.59",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "3.9.7",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nmd: suspend array while updating raid_disks via sysfs\n\nIn raid1_reshape(), freeze_array() is called before modifying the r1bio\nmemory pool (conf-\u003er1bio_pool) and conf-\u003eraid_disks, and\nunfreeze_array() is called after the update is completed.\n\nHowever, freeze_array() only waits until nr_sync_pending and\n(nr_pending - nr_queued) of all buckets reaches zero. When an I/O error\noccurs, nr_queued is increased and the corresponding r1bio is queued to\neither retry_list or bio_end_io_list. As a result, freeze_array() may\nunblock before these r1bios are released.\n\nThis can lead to a situation where conf-\u003eraid_disks and the mempool have\nalready been updated while queued r1bios, allocated with the old\nraid_disks value, are later released. Consequently, free_r1bio() may\naccess memory out of bounds in put_all_bios() and release r1bios of the\nwrong size to the new mempool, potentially causing issues with the\nmempool as well.\n\nSince only normal I/O might increase nr_queued while an I/O error occurs,\nsuspending the array avoids this issue.\n\nNote: Updating raid_disks via ioctl SET_ARRAY_INFO already suspends\nthe array. Therefore, we suspend the array when updating raid_disks\nvia sysfs to avoid this issue too."
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-02-20T11:30:50.415Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/165d1359f945b72c5f90088f60d48ff46115269e"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0107b18cd8ac17eb3e54786adc05a85cdbb6ef22"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2cc583653bbe050bacd1cadcc9776d39bf449740"
        }
      ],
      "title": "md: suspend array while updating raid_disks via sysfs",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-71225",
    "datePublished": "2026-02-18T14:21:46.249Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-02-14T16:26:02.969Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-02-20T11:30:50.415Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2025-71225\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"published\":\"2026-02-18T15:18:40.330\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-03-18T20:44:55.710\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Analyzed\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\nmd: suspend array while updating raid_disks via sysfs\\n\\nIn raid1_reshape(), freeze_array() is called before modifying the r1bio\\nmemory pool (conf-\u003er1bio_pool) and conf-\u003eraid_disks, and\\nunfreeze_array() is called after the update is completed.\\n\\nHowever, freeze_array() only waits until nr_sync_pending and\\n(nr_pending - nr_queued) of all buckets reaches zero. When an I/O error\\noccurs, nr_queued is increased and the corresponding r1bio is queued to\\neither retry_list or bio_end_io_list. As a result, freeze_array() may\\nunblock before these r1bios are released.\\n\\nThis can lead to a situation where conf-\u003eraid_disks and the mempool have\\nalready been updated while queued r1bios, allocated with the old\\nraid_disks value, are later released. Consequently, free_r1bio() may\\naccess memory out of bounds in put_all_bios() and release r1bios of the\\nwrong size to the new mempool, potentially causing issues with the\\nmempool as well.\\n\\nSince only normal I/O might increase nr_queued while an I/O error occurs,\\nsuspending the array avoids this issue.\\n\\nNote: Updating raid_disks via ioctl SET_ARRAY_INFO already suspends\\nthe array. Therefore, we suspend the array when updating raid_disks\\nvia sysfs to avoid this issue too.\"},{\"lang\":\"es\",\"value\":\"En el kernel de Linux, la siguiente vulnerabilidad ha sido resuelta:\\n\\nmd: suspender el array mientras se actualiza raid_disks a trav\u00e9s de sysfs\\n\\nEn raid1_reshape(), se llama a freeze_array() antes de modificar el pool de memoria r1bio (conf-\u0026gt;r1bio_pool) y conf-\u0026gt;raid_disks, y se llama a unfreeze_array() despu\u00e9s de que se completa la actualizaci\u00f3n.\\n\\nSin embargo, freeze_array() solo espera hasta que nr_sync_pending y (nr_pending - nr_queued) de todos los buckets lleguen a cero. Cuando ocurre un error de E/S, nr_queued se incrementa y el r1bio correspondiente se encola en retry_list o bio_end_io_list. Como resultado, freeze_array() puede desbloquearse antes de que estos r1bios sean liberados.\\n\\nEsto puede llevar a una situaci\u00f3n en la que conf-\u0026gt;raid_disks y el mempool ya han sido actualizados mientras que los r1bios encolados, asignados con el valor antiguo de raid_disks, son liberados posteriormente. En consecuencia, free_r1bio() puede acceder a memoria fuera de los l\u00edmites en put_all_bios() y liberar r1bios de tama\u00f1o incorrecto al nuevo mempool, lo que podr\u00eda causar problemas tambi\u00e9n con el mempool.\\n\\nDado que solo la E/S normal podr\u00eda aumentar nr_queued mientras ocurre un error de E/S, suspender el array evita este problema.\\n\\nNota: La actualizaci\u00f3n de raid_disks a trav\u00e9s de ioctl SET_ARRAY_INFO ya suspende el array. Por lo tanto, suspendemos el array al actualizar raid_disks a trav\u00e9s de sysfs para evitar este problema tambi\u00e9n.\"}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H\",\"baseScore\":5.3,\"baseSeverity\":\"MEDIUM\",\"attackVector\":\"LOCAL\",\"attackComplexity\":\"HIGH\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"LOW\",\"integrityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":1.0,\"impactScore\":4.2}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-367\"}]}],\"configurations\":[{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"3.4.59\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"3.5\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"E389CD90-3A0E-4F77-84C4-CD0E55932013\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"3.9.7\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"3.10\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"961D1B9C-0FC0-409D-AFE8-71D140C4396C\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"3.10.1\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.12.70\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"D79EE388-E36C-4B65-A381-0BFBF2302613\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.13\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.18.10\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"7156C23F-009E-4D05-838C-A2DA417B5B8D\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:3.10:-:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"82D28405-E1F2-43CF-AA38-B228805AFFF9\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:3.10:rc6:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"2DD6E1E7-AF5F-46ED-A729-288651810FFF\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:3.10:rc7:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"7EDF2BC7-2812-4297-9FF3-2CFFE1EE8584\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.19:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"17B67AA7-40D6-4AFA-8459-F200F3D7CFD1\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.19:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"C47E4CC9-C826-4FA9-B014-7FE3D9B318B2\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.19:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"F71D92C0-C023-48BD-B3B6-70B638EEE298\"}]}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0107b18cd8ac17eb3e54786adc05a85cdbb6ef22\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/165d1359f945b72c5f90088f60d48ff46115269e\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2cc583653bbe050bacd1cadcc9776d39bf449740\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]}]}}"
  }
}


Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.




Sightings

Author Source Type Date

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.



Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.