CVE-2025-66482 (GCVE-0-2025-66482)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-15 23:18 – Updated: 2025-12-16 15:09
VLAI
Title
Misskey has a login rate limit bypass via spoofed X-Forwarded-For header
Summary
Misskey is an open source, federated social media platform. Attackers who use an untrusted reverse proxy or not using a reverse proxy at all can bypass IP rate limiting by adding a forged X-Forwarded-For header. Starting with version 2025.9.1, an option (`trustProxy`) has been added in config file to prevent this from happening. However, it is initialized with an insecure default value before version 2025.12.0-alpha.2, making it still vulnerable if the configuration is not set correctly. This is patched in v2025.12.0-alpha.2 by flipping default value of `trustProxy` to `false`. Users of a trusted reverse proxy who are unsure if they manually overode this value should check their config for optimal behavior. Users are running Misskey with a trusted reverse proxy should not be affected by this vulnerability. From v2025.9.1 to v2025.11.1, workaround is available. Set `trustProxy: false` in config file.
Severity
6.9 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-12-16 14:37 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-307 - Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts
  • CWE-1188 - Insecure Default Initialization of Resource
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7639 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
misskey-dev misskey Affected: >= 2025.9.1, < 2025.12.0-alpha.2
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-66482",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "poc"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-12-16T14:37:27.348528Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-12-16T15:09:19.925Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "tags": [
              "exploit"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/misskey-dev/misskey/security/advisories/GHSA-wwrj-3hvj-prpm"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "misskey",
          "vendor": "misskey-dev",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 2025.9.1, \u003c 2025.12.0-alpha.2"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Misskey is an open source, federated social media platform. Attackers who use an untrusted reverse proxy or not using a reverse proxy at all can bypass IP rate limiting by adding a forged X-Forwarded-For header. Starting with version 2025.9.1, an option (`trustProxy`) has been added in config file to prevent this from happening. However, it is initialized with an insecure default value before version 2025.12.0-alpha.2, making it still vulnerable if the configuration is not set correctly. This is patched in v2025.12.0-alpha.2 by flipping default value of `trustProxy` to `false`. Users of a trusted reverse proxy who are unsure if they manually overode this value should check their config for optimal behavior. Users are running Misskey with a trusted reverse proxy should not be affected by this vulnerability. From v2025.9.1 to v2025.11.1, workaround is available. Set `trustProxy: false` in config file."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "baseScore": 6.9,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-307",
              "description": "CWE-307: Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-1188",
              "description": "CWE-1188: Insecure Default Initialization of Resource",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-12-15T23:18:53.415Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/misskey-dev/misskey/security/advisories/GHSA-wwrj-3hvj-prpm",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/misskey-dev/misskey/security/advisories/GHSA-wwrj-3hvj-prpm"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/misskey-dev/misskey/commit/5512898463fa8487b9e6488912f35102b91f25f7",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/misskey-dev/misskey/commit/5512898463fa8487b9e6488912f35102b91f25f7"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-wwrj-3hvj-prpm",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Misskey has a login rate limit bypass via spoofed X-Forwarded-For header"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-66482",
    "datePublished": "2025-12-15T23:18:37.295Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-12-02T17:09:52.016Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-12-16T15:09:19.925Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2025-66482",
      "date": "2026-10-20",
      "epss": "0.00339",
      "percentile": "0.25877"
    },
    "nvd": {
      "cve": {
        "affected": [
          {
            "affectedData": [
              {
                "product": "misskey",
                "vendor": "misskey-dev",
                "versions": [
                  {
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "\u003e= 2025.9.1, \u003c 2025.12.0-alpha.2"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ],
            "source": "security-advisories@github.com"
          }
        ],
        "configurations": [
          {
            "nodes": [
              {
                "cpeMatch": [
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:misskey:misskey:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "1BA8B906-8DD2-4D82-90A7-AD955FEF15FC",
                    "versionEndExcluding": "2025.12.0",
                    "versionStartIncluding": "13.1.0",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:misskey:misskey:13.0.0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "786B1922-6E2E-48B5-8AA6-16566BDC39EF",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:misskey:misskey:13.0.0:beta16:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "856F7093-6778-4449-A6B2-FADF0CC81BB8",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:misskey:misskey:13.0.0:beta21:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "4AEFFF0D-A3ED-41AF-B5F2-7E3E2CCB3E38",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:misskey:misskey:13.0.0:beta22:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "4615D7DB-9603-482D-8615-C09E8F41B204",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:misskey:misskey:13.0.0:beta23:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "D58C35C6-5F19-4588-B369-84275C2878F2",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:misskey:misskey:13.0.0:beta24:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "7A4672A2-20B7-403A-8430-A6D206D6B032",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:misskey:misskey:13.0.0:beta25:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "A1BAC1C3-CB0C-4C16-83C7-A18A4A7D3676",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:misskey:misskey:13.0.0:beta26:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "E1C4D34E-1B6B-48A7-8FA7-F0872C63C727",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:misskey:misskey:13.0.0:beta27:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "94E0E909-C42C-40B5-A4B5-D64049443903",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:misskey:misskey:13.0.0:beta28:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "CE544D6C-44DB-4E68-BFCE-DABC08EE3803",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:misskey:misskey:13.0.0:beta29:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "9F7A9629-9216-4F67-BF4E-69792256CFCA",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:misskey:misskey:13.0.0:beta30:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "5DB2EE81-D8F4-4A42-B6EA-B78B58782EDD",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:misskey:misskey:13.0.0:beta31:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "75364266-87FE-4DED-8DCC-B1B853C1EB31",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:misskey:misskey:13.0.0:beta32:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "0F76B069-5894-4652-8376-314CE5FC8D88",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:misskey:misskey:13.0.0:beta33:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "53072C15-3DC2-40D9-A382-93308C74E7CB",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:misskey:misskey:13.0.0:beta34:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "0EFC41E8-E58B-4845-8B04-9DBCE9A6BAF8",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:misskey:misskey:13.0.0:beta35:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "98307089-97A5-472B-9E5F-E2E189DD2EA6",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:misskey:misskey:13.0.0:beta36:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "439214AC-1F4D-423E-90B3-6118EC243D5E",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:misskey:misskey:13.0.0:beta37:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "94AFD144-D4D9-42A8-8D89-59B18ED3521A",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:misskey:misskey:13.0.0:beta38:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "7379A64A-E7AF-4F75-A30A-FB6FE3DA40B0",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:misskey:misskey:13.0.0:beta39:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "37709BF9-683C-41A2-8FBB-37FEA4272FCD",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:misskey:misskey:13.0.0:beta40:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "3CDB27CA-2511-4831-8319-FC48DCC61083",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:misskey:misskey:13.0.0:beta41:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "1C269183-FE50-414E-B6C9-62111A540BB2",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:misskey:misskey:13.0.0:beta42:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "8749073C-9460-4ACB-8513-B086824901BE",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:misskey:misskey:13.0.0:beta43:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "DC898D70-9A29-4660-A08C-6F4C72729651",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:misskey:misskey:13.0.0:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "03565A9E-D7C3-4116-B5D9-7C9A52173716",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:misskey:misskey:13.0.0:rc10:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "8C5BA7A5-51D0-46C4-BABA-22A1BE25F24B",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:misskey:misskey:13.0.0:rc11:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "C9F878A3-A229-46B1-8E1A-894FBE86A974",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:misskey:misskey:13.0.0:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "D6847DE7-005E-4D84-95FB-A240B2EC042B",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:misskey:misskey:13.0.0:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "5EDB186E-DC4E-4965-B72A-C7267DACB32F",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:misskey:misskey:13.0.0:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "D2DF0AC2-1BFD-43B8-8DDC-8727E5A44060",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:misskey:misskey:13.0.0:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "13568C76-3F2E-475C-B8B6-E7FBF1F7BCA6",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:misskey:misskey:13.0.0:rc6:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "9050C737-F150-4BA9-A503-069BC8D8B24F",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:misskey:misskey:13.0.0:rc7:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "E89A86DC-7164-4857-8FF7-3AD66CCA5C87",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:misskey:misskey:13.0.0:rc8:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "8E76C67E-94B5-42C6-8777-C83F1C51830C",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:misskey:misskey:13.0.0:rc9:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "8A6D3B97-247F-4ED7-942F-2962C0990A1D",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  }
                ],
                "negate": false,
                "operator": "OR"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "cveTags": [],
        "descriptions": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "Misskey is an open source, federated social media platform. Attackers who use an untrusted reverse proxy or not using a reverse proxy at all can bypass IP rate limiting by adding a forged X-Forwarded-For header. Starting with version 2025.9.1, an option (`trustProxy`) has been added in config file to prevent this from happening. However, it is initialized with an insecure default value before version 2025.12.0-alpha.2, making it still vulnerable if the configuration is not set correctly. This is patched in v2025.12.0-alpha.2 by flipping default value of `trustProxy` to `false`. Users of a trusted reverse proxy who are unsure if they manually overode this value should check their config for optimal behavior. Users are running Misskey with a trusted reverse proxy should not be affected by this vulnerability. From v2025.9.1 to v2025.11.1, workaround is available. Set `trustProxy: false` in config file."
          },
          {
            "lang": "es",
            "value": "Misskey es una plataforma de redes sociales de c\u00f3digo abierto y federada. Los atacantes que utilizan un proxy inverso no confiable o que no utilizan ning\u00fan proxy inverso pueden eludir la limitaci\u00f3n de velocidad de IP a\u00f1adiendo un encabezado X-Forwarded-For falsificado. A partir de la versi\u00f3n 2025.9.1, se ha a\u00f1adido una opci\u00f3n (\u0027trustProxy\u0027) en el archivo de configuraci\u00f3n para evitar que esto suceda. Sin embargo, se inicializa con un valor predeterminado inseguro antes de la versi\u00f3n 2025.12.0-alpha.2, haci\u00e9ndolo a\u00fan vulnerable si la configuraci\u00f3n no se establece correctamente. Esto se corrige en la v2025.12.0-alpha.2 cambiando el valor predeterminado de \u0027trustProxy\u0027 a \u0027false\u0027. Los usuarios de un proxy inverso confiable que no est\u00e9n seguros si anularon manualmente este valor deber\u00edan revisar su configuraci\u00f3n para un comportamiento \u00f3ptimo. Los usuarios que ejecutan Misskey con un proxy inverso confiable no deber\u00edan verse afectados por esta vulnerabilidad. Desde la v2025.9.1 hasta la v2025.11.1, una soluci\u00f3n alternativa est\u00e1 disponible. Establezca \u0027trustProxy: false\u0027 en el archivo de configuraci\u00f3n."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2025-66482",
        "lastModified": "2026-10-14T13:10:00.187",
        "metrics": {
          "cvssMetricV31": [
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "NETWORK",
                "availabilityImpact": "LOW",
                "baseScore": 6.5,
                "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
                "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                "integrityImpact": "LOW",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
              "impactScore": 2.5,
              "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
              "type": "Primary"
            }
          ],
          "cvssMetricV40": [
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackRequirements": "NONE",
                "attackVector": "NETWORK",
                "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "baseScore": 6.9,
                "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
                "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
                "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
                "version": "4.0",
                "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
                "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                "vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
                "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
              },
              "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
              "type": "Secondary"
            }
          ],
          "ssvcV203": [
            {
              "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
              "ssvcData": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-66482",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "exploitation": "poc"
                  },
                  {
                    "automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "technicalImpact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-12-16T14:37:27.348528Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              }
            }
          ]
        },
        "published": "2025-12-16T00:16:02.503",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/misskey-dev/misskey/commit/5512898463fa8487b9e6488912f35102b91f25f7"
          },
          {
            "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
            "tags": [
              "Exploit",
              "Vendor Advisory"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/misskey-dev/misskey/security/advisories/GHSA-wwrj-3hvj-prpm"
          },
          {
            "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
            "tags": [
              "Exploit",
              "Vendor Advisory"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/misskey-dev/misskey/security/advisories/GHSA-wwrj-3hvj-prpm"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "vulnStatus": "Analyzed",
        "weaknesses": [
          {
            "description": [
              {
                "lang": "en",
                "value": "CWE-307"
              },
              {
                "lang": "en",
                "value": "CWE-1188"
              }
            ],
            "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
            "type": "Secondary"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    "redhat_vex": {
      "current_release_date": "2025-12-16T23:55:29+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-66482",
      "id": "CVE-2025-66482",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "1",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "Misskey has a login rate limit bypass via spoofed X-Forwarded-For header",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-66482.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": {
        "adp": [
          {
            "metrics": [
              {
                "other": {
                  "content": {
                    "id": "CVE-2025-66482",
                    "options": [
                      {
                        "Exploitation": "poc"
                      },
                      {
                        "Automatable": "yes"
                      },
                      {
                        "Technical Impact": "partial"
                      }
                    ],
                    "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                    "timestamp": "2025-12-16T14:37:27.348528Z",
                    "version": "2.0.3"
                  },
                  "type": "ssvc"
                }
              }
            ],
            "providerMetadata": {
              "dateUpdated": "2025-12-16T14:37:29.779Z",
              "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
              "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
            },
            "references": [
              {
                "tags": [
                  "exploit"
                ],
                "url": "https://github.com/misskey-dev/misskey/security/advisories/GHSA-wwrj-3hvj-prpm"
              }
            ],
            "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
          }
        ],
        "cna": {
          "affected": [
            {
              "product": "misskey",
              "vendor": "misskey-dev",
              "versions": [
                {
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "\u003e= 2025.9.1, \u003c 2025.12.0-alpha.2"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "Misskey is an open source, federated social media platform. Attackers who use an untrusted reverse proxy or not using a reverse proxy at all can bypass IP rate limiting by adding a forged X-Forwarded-For header. Starting with version 2025.9.1, an option (`trustProxy`) has been added in config file to prevent this from happening. However, it is initialized with an insecure default value before version 2025.12.0-alpha.2, making it still vulnerable if the configuration is not set correctly. This is patched in v2025.12.0-alpha.2 by flipping default value of `trustProxy` to `false`. Users of a trusted reverse proxy who are unsure if they manually overode this value should check their config for optimal behavior. Users are running Misskey with a trusted reverse proxy should not be affected by this vulnerability. From v2025.9.1 to v2025.11.1, workaround is available. Set `trustProxy: false` in config file."
            }
          ],
          "metrics": [
            {
              "cvssV4_0": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackRequirements": "NONE",
                "attackVector": "NETWORK",
                "baseScore": 6.9,
                "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
                "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
                "version": "4.0",
                "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
                "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                "vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW"
              }
            }
          ],
          "problemTypes": [
            {
              "descriptions": [
                {
                  "cweId": "CWE-307",
                  "description": "CWE-307: Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts",
                  "lang": "en",
                  "type": "CWE"
                }
              ]
            },
            {
              "descriptions": [
                {
                  "cweId": "CWE-1188",
                  "description": "CWE-1188: Insecure Default Initialization of Resource",
                  "lang": "en",
                  "type": "CWE"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "providerMetadata": {
            "dateUpdated": "2025-12-15T23:18:53.415Z",
            "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
            "shortName": "GitHub_M"
          },
          "references": [
            {
              "name": "https://github.com/misskey-dev/misskey/security/advisories/GHSA-wwrj-3hvj-prpm",
              "tags": [
                "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
              ],
              "url": "https://github.com/misskey-dev/misskey/security/advisories/GHSA-wwrj-3hvj-prpm"
            },
            {
              "name": "https://github.com/misskey-dev/misskey/commit/5512898463fa8487b9e6488912f35102b91f25f7",
              "tags": [
                "x_refsource_MISC"
              ],
              "url": "https://github.com/misskey-dev/misskey/commit/5512898463fa8487b9e6488912f35102b91f25f7"
            }
          ],
          "source": {
            "advisory": "GHSA-wwrj-3hvj-prpm",
            "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
          },
          "title": "Misskey has a login rate limit bypass via spoofed X-Forwarded-For header"
        }
      },
      "cveMetadata": {
        "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
        "cveId": "CVE-2025-66482",
        "datePublished": "2025-12-15T23:18:37.295Z",
        "dateReserved": "2025-12-02T17:09:52.016Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2025-12-16T15:09:19.925Z",
        "state": "PUBLISHED"
      },
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}



Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.




Drag nodes to arrange them. Double-click a related vulnerability to open it, or a source to visit its link. The Physics button on the left tunes the layout and the simulation; the legend at the bottom left hides or shows nodes by kind and by sighting type.

Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline

Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC

JSON

Loading timeline…




    Related by attack behaviour

    Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.