CVE-2025-22121 (GCVE-0-2025-22121)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-16 14:13 – Updated: 2026-08-05 11:56
VLAI
Title
ext4: fix out-of-bound read in ext4_xattr_inode_dec_ref_all()
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ext4: fix out-of-bound read in ext4_xattr_inode_dec_ref_all() There's issue as follows: BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in ext4_xattr_inode_dec_ref_all+0x6ff/0x790 Read of size 4 at addr ffff88807b003000 by task syz-executor.0/15172 CPU: 3 PID: 15172 Comm: syz-executor.0 Call Trace: __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:82 [inline] dump_stack+0xbe/0xfd lib/dump_stack.c:123 print_address_description.constprop.0+0x1e/0x280 mm/kasan/report.c:400 __kasan_report.cold+0x6c/0x84 mm/kasan/report.c:560 kasan_report+0x3a/0x50 mm/kasan/report.c:585 ext4_xattr_inode_dec_ref_all+0x6ff/0x790 fs/ext4/xattr.c:1137 ext4_xattr_delete_inode+0x4c7/0xda0 fs/ext4/xattr.c:2896 ext4_evict_inode+0xb3b/0x1670 fs/ext4/inode.c:323 evict+0x39f/0x880 fs/inode.c:622 iput_final fs/inode.c:1746 [inline] iput fs/inode.c:1772 [inline] iput+0x525/0x6c0 fs/inode.c:1758 ext4_orphan_cleanup fs/ext4/super.c:3298 [inline] ext4_fill_super+0x8c57/0xba40 fs/ext4/super.c:5300 mount_bdev+0x355/0x410 fs/super.c:1446 legacy_get_tree+0xfe/0x220 fs/fs_context.c:611 vfs_get_tree+0x8d/0x2f0 fs/super.c:1576 do_new_mount fs/namespace.c:2983 [inline] path_mount+0x119a/0x1ad0 fs/namespace.c:3316 do_mount+0xfc/0x110 fs/namespace.c:3329 __do_sys_mount fs/namespace.c:3540 [inline] __se_sys_mount+0x219/0x2e0 fs/namespace.c:3514 do_syscall_64+0x33/0x40 arch/x86/entry/common.c:46 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x67/0xd1 Memory state around the buggy address: ffff88807b002f00: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ffff88807b002f80: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 >ffff88807b003000: ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ^ ffff88807b003080: ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ffff88807b003100: ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff Above issue happens as ext4_xattr_delete_inode() isn't check xattr is valid if xattr is in inode. To solve above issue call xattr_check_inode() check if xattr if valid in inode. In fact, we can directly verify in ext4_iget_extra_inode(), so that there is no divergent verification.
Severity
8.4 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Linux Linux Affected: e50e5129f384ae282adebfb561189cdb19b81cee , < 27202452b0bc942fdc3db72a44c4dcdab96d5b56 (git)
Affected: e50e5129f384ae282adebfb561189cdb19b81cee , < b374e9ecc92aaa7fb2ab221ee3ff5451118ab566 (git)
Affected: e50e5129f384ae282adebfb561189cdb19b81cee , < c000a8a9b5343a5ef867df173c6349672dacbd0f (git)
Affected: e50e5129f384ae282adebfb561189cdb19b81cee , < 3c591353956ffcace2cc74d09930774afed60619 (git)
Affected: e50e5129f384ae282adebfb561189cdb19b81cee , < 098927a13fd918bd7c64c2de905350a1ad7b4a3a (git)
Affected: e50e5129f384ae282adebfb561189cdb19b81cee , < 0c8fbb6ffb3c8f5164572ca88e4ccb6cd6a41ca8 (git)
Affected: e50e5129f384ae282adebfb561189cdb19b81cee , < 5701875f9609b000d91351eaa6bfd97fe2f157f4 (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 4.13
Unaffected: 0 , < 4.13 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.10.248 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.198 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.161 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.120 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.59 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.14.2 , ≤ 6.14.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.15 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP Affected: V3.1.6 , < * (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP Affected: V3.1.6 , < * (custom)
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Siemens SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP Affected: V3.1.6 , < * (custom)
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\next4: fix out-of-bound read in ext4_xattr_inode_dec_ref_all()\n\nThere\u0027s issue as follows:\nBUG: KASAN: use-after-free in ext4_xattr_inode_dec_ref_all+0x6ff/0x790\nRead of size 4 at addr ffff88807b003000 by task syz-executor.0/15172\n\nCPU: 3 PID: 15172 Comm: syz-executor.0\nCall Trace:\n __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:82 [inline]\n dump_stack+0xbe/0xfd lib/dump_stack.c:123\n print_address_description.constprop.0+0x1e/0x280 mm/kasan/report.c:400\n __kasan_report.cold+0x6c/0x84 mm/kasan/report.c:560\n kasan_report+0x3a/0x50 mm/kasan/report.c:585\n ext4_xattr_inode_dec_ref_all+0x6ff/0x790 fs/ext4/xattr.c:1137\n ext4_xattr_delete_inode+0x4c7/0xda0 fs/ext4/xattr.c:2896\n ext4_evict_inode+0xb3b/0x1670 fs/ext4/inode.c:323\n evict+0x39f/0x880 fs/inode.c:622\n iput_final fs/inode.c:1746 [inline]\n iput fs/inode.c:1772 [inline]\n iput+0x525/0x6c0 fs/inode.c:1758\n ext4_orphan_cleanup fs/ext4/super.c:3298 [inline]\n ext4_fill_super+0x8c57/0xba40 fs/ext4/super.c:5300\n mount_bdev+0x355/0x410 fs/super.c:1446\n legacy_get_tree+0xfe/0x220 fs/fs_context.c:611\n vfs_get_tree+0x8d/0x2f0 fs/super.c:1576\n do_new_mount fs/namespace.c:2983 [inline]\n path_mount+0x119a/0x1ad0 fs/namespace.c:3316\n do_mount+0xfc/0x110 fs/namespace.c:3329\n __do_sys_mount fs/namespace.c:3540 [inline]\n __se_sys_mount+0x219/0x2e0 fs/namespace.c:3514\n do_syscall_64+0x33/0x40 arch/x86/entry/common.c:46\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x67/0xd1\n\nMemory state around the buggy address:\n ffff88807b002f00: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00\n ffff88807b002f80: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00\n\u003effff88807b003000: ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff\n                   ^\n ffff88807b003080: ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff\n ffff88807b003100: ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff\n\nAbove issue happens as ext4_xattr_delete_inode() isn\u0027t check xattr\nis valid if xattr is in inode.\nTo solve above issue call xattr_check_inode() check if xattr if valid\nin inode. In fact, we can directly verify in ext4_iget_extra_inode(),\nso that there is no divergent verification."
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            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
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          "scenarios": [
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              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - Exploitation requires the attacker-crafted ext4 image to be presented to the local kernel as a block device \u2014 a USB stick on an automounting desktop/kiosk, a loop/NBD/iSCSI-backed device, or a container/VM disk image \u2014 reaching the bug through the mount(2) syscall path. No network protocol handler is involved, and physical access is not strictly required since loop and network-block-backed images work equally well.\nAC:L - The attacker fully controls every byte of the on-disk image, including the ea_inode feature bit, the inode\u0027s i_extra_isize, the xattr magic, the entry array, and which inode sits last in its inode-table block so the walk runs off the end of the buffer_head page allocation. The corruption is deterministic at mount during orphan cleanup with no race to win and no dependency on kernel memory layout the attacker cannot influence.\nPR:N - The attacker needs no account or privilege on the target system \u2014 they only supply the malicious filesystem image, which is then mounted by root, by an automount daemon such as udisks2, or by a container/VM image-handling service acting on the attacker\u0027s data. All privileged operations along the path are performed by the victim system on the attacker\u0027s behalf.\nUI:N - On the common desktop, kiosk, and appliance configurations where udisks2/systemd automounts removable media, plugging in the device triggers the mount with no human participation, and the bug fires immediately during ext4_orphan_cleanup() inside ext4_fill_super() rather than requiring any subsequent file access. Container and VM image-mount services likewise mount attacker-supplied images unattended.\nS:U - The out-of-bounds read and write occur in kernel heap memory within the same kernel security authority that hosts the vulnerable ext4 code. There is no crossing of a VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary.\nC:H - The loop performs an unbounded (pre-mitigation) or several-byte-past-the-allocation (post-mitigation) out-of-bounds read of adjacent kernel heap memory past the inode-table buffer_head, and those leaked bytes are consumed as e_value_inum/e_hash/e_value_size values that steer subsequent inode lookups and quota accounting, making adjacent kernel memory contents observable through filesystem state and error output.\nI:H - `entry-\u003ee_value_inum = 0; entry-\u003ee_value_size = 0;` writes 8 zero bytes through an out-of-bounds entry pointer into adjacent kernel heap memory, and the OOB-derived inode numbers drive ext4_xattr_inode_dec_ref()/ext4_orphan_add() to decrement refcounts and orphan arbitrary inodes. This combination of controlled kernel heap zeroing plus arbitrary on-disk metadata corruption is a usable memory-corruption primitive, not a bounded misread.\nA:H - KASAN reproduces the issue as a use-after-free/out-of-bounds access past a page-sized buffer_head allocation during mount; on a production kernel the same access corrupts adjacent slab memory and the bogus inode ref-count decrements trigger EXT4-fs errors and oops/panic. The crash occurs during ext4_fill_super() and can be repeated on every mount attempt."
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      "percentile": "0.08336"
    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2025-22121\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"published\":\"2025-04-16T15:16:06.277\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-07-30T06:22:15.897\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Modified\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\next4: fix out-of-bound read in ext4_xattr_inode_dec_ref_all()\\n\\nThere\u0027s issue as follows:\\nBUG: KASAN: use-after-free in ext4_xattr_inode_dec_ref_all+0x6ff/0x790\\nRead of size 4 at addr ffff88807b003000 by task syz-executor.0/15172\\n\\nCPU: 3 PID: 15172 Comm: syz-executor.0\\nCall Trace:\\n __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:82 [inline]\\n dump_stack+0xbe/0xfd lib/dump_stack.c:123\\n print_address_description.constprop.0+0x1e/0x280 mm/kasan/report.c:400\\n __kasan_report.cold+0x6c/0x84 mm/kasan/report.c:560\\n kasan_report+0x3a/0x50 mm/kasan/report.c:585\\n ext4_xattr_inode_dec_ref_all+0x6ff/0x790 fs/ext4/xattr.c:1137\\n ext4_xattr_delete_inode+0x4c7/0xda0 fs/ext4/xattr.c:2896\\n ext4_evict_inode+0xb3b/0x1670 fs/ext4/inode.c:323\\n evict+0x39f/0x880 fs/inode.c:622\\n iput_final fs/inode.c:1746 [inline]\\n iput fs/inode.c:1772 [inline]\\n iput+0x525/0x6c0 fs/inode.c:1758\\n ext4_orphan_cleanup fs/ext4/super.c:3298 [inline]\\n ext4_fill_super+0x8c57/0xba40 fs/ext4/super.c:5300\\n mount_bdev+0x355/0x410 fs/super.c:1446\\n legacy_get_tree+0xfe/0x220 fs/fs_context.c:611\\n vfs_get_tree+0x8d/0x2f0 fs/super.c:1576\\n do_new_mount fs/namespace.c:2983 [inline]\\n path_mount+0x119a/0x1ad0 fs/namespace.c:3316\\n do_mount+0xfc/0x110 fs/namespace.c:3329\\n __do_sys_mount fs/namespace.c:3540 [inline]\\n __se_sys_mount+0x219/0x2e0 fs/namespace.c:3514\\n do_syscall_64+0x33/0x40 arch/x86/entry/common.c:46\\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x67/0xd1\\n\\nMemory state around the buggy address:\\n ffff88807b002f00: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00\\n ffff88807b002f80: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00\\n\u003effff88807b003000: ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff\\n                   ^\\n ffff88807b003080: ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff\\n ffff88807b003100: ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff\\n\\nAbove issue happens as ext4_xattr_delete_inode() isn\u0027t check xattr\\nis valid if xattr is in inode.\\nTo solve above issue call xattr_check_inode() check if xattr if valid\\nin inode. In fact, we can directly verify in ext4_iget_extra_inode(),\\nso that there is no divergent verification.\"},{\"lang\":\"es\",\"value\":\"En el kernel de Linux, se ha resuelto la siguiente vulnerabilidad: ext4: correcci\u00f3n de lectura fuera de l\u00edmite en ext4_xattr_inode_dec_ref_all() Hay el siguiente problema: ERROR: KASAN: use-after-free en ext4_xattr_inode_dec_ref_all+0x6ff/0x790 Lectura de tama\u00f1o 4 en la direcci\u00f3n ffff88807b003000 por la tarea syz-executor.0/15172 CPU: 3 PID: 15172 Comm: syz-executor.0 Rastreo de llamadas: __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:82 [en l\u00ednea] dump_stack+0xbe/0xfd lib/dump_stack.c:123 print_address_description.constprop.0+0x1e/0x280 mm/kasan/report.c:400 __kasan_report.cold+0x6c/0x84 mm/kasan/report.c:560 kasan_report+0x3a/0x50 mm/kasan/report.c:585 ext4_xattr_inode_dec_ref_all+0x6ff/0x790 fs/ext4/xattr.c:1137 ext4_xattr_delete_inode+0x4c7/0xda0 fs/ext4/xattr.c:2896 ext4_evict_inode+0xb3b/0x1670 fs/ext4/inode.c:323 evict+0x39f/0x880 fs/inode.c:622 iput_final fs/inode.c:1746 [en l\u00ednea] iput fs/inode.c:1772 [en l\u00ednea] iput+0x525/0x6c0 fs/inode.c:1758 ext4_orphan_cleanup fs/ext4/super.c:3298 [en l\u00ednea] ext4_fill_super+0x8c57/0xba40 fs/ext4/super.c:5300 mount_bdev+0x355/0x410 fs/super.c:1446 legacy_get_tree+0xfe/0x220 fs/fs_context.c:611 vfs_get_tree+0x8d/0x2f0 fs/super.c:1576 do_new_mount fs/namespace.c:2983 [en l\u00ednea] path_mount+0x119a/0x1ad0 fs/namespace.c:3316 do_mount+0xfc/0x110 fs/namespace.c:3329 __do_sys_mount fs/namespace.c:3540 [en l\u00ednea] __se_sys_mount+0x219/0x2e0 fs/namespace.c:3514 do_syscall_64+0x33/0x40 arch/x86/entry/common.c:46 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x67/0xd1 Estado de la memoria alrededor de la direcci\u00f3n con errores: ffff88807b002f00: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ffff88807b002f80: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 \u0026gt;ffff88807b003000: ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ^ ffff88807b003080: ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff88807b003100: ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff El problema anterior ocurre porque ext4_xattr_delete_inode() no verifica que xattr sea v\u00e1lido si xattr est\u00e1 en el inodo. Para resolver el problema anterior, llame a xattr_check_inode() para verificar si xattr es v\u00e1lido en el inodo. De hecho, podemos verificar directamente en ext4_iget_extra_inode(), de modo que no haya ninguna verificaci\u00f3n divergente.\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"programFiles\":[\"fs/ext4/inode.c\",\"fs/ext4/xattr.c\",\"fs/ext4/xattr.h\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"e50e5129f384ae282adebfb561189cdb19b81cee\",\"lessThan\":\"27202452b0bc942fdc3db72a44c4dcdab96d5b56\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"e50e5129f384ae282adebfb561189cdb19b81cee\",\"lessThan\":\"b374e9ecc92aaa7fb2ab221ee3ff5451118ab566\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"e50e5129f384ae282adebfb561189cdb19b81cee\",\"lessThan\":\"c000a8a9b5343a5ef867df173c6349672dacbd0f\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"e50e5129f384ae282adebfb561189cdb19b81cee\",\"lessThan\":\"3c591353956ffcace2cc74d09930774afed60619\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"e50e5129f384ae282adebfb561189cdb19b81cee\",\"lessThan\":\"098927a13fd918bd7c64c2de905350a1ad7b4a3a\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"e50e5129f384ae282adebfb561189cdb19b81cee\",\"lessThan\":\"0c8fbb6ffb3c8f5164572ca88e4ccb6cd6a41ca8\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"e50e5129f384ae282adebfb561189cdb19b81cee\",\"lessThan\":\"5701875f9609b000d91351eaa6bfd97fe2f157f4\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"affected\",\"programFiles\":[\"fs/ext4/inode.c\",\"fs/ext4/xattr.c\",\"fs/ext4/xattr.h\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"4.13\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThan\":\"4.13\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.10.248\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.10.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.15.198\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.15.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.1.161\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.1.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.6.120\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.6.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.12.59\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.12.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.14.2\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.14.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.15\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"original_commit_for_fix\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"}]}]},{\"source\":\"0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Siemens\",\"product\":\"SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unknown\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"V3.1.6\",\"lessThan\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"custom\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Siemens\",\"product\":\"SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unknown\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"V3.1.6\",\"lessThan\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"custom\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Siemens\",\"product\":\"SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unknown\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"V3.1.6\",\"lessThan\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"custom\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Siemens\",\"product\":\"SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unknown\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"V3.1.6\",\"lessThan\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"custom\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Siemens\",\"product\":\"SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unknown\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"V3.1.6\",\"lessThan\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"custom\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":8.4,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"LOCAL\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"NONE\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":2.5,\"impactScore\":5.9},{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H\",\"baseScore\":7.1,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"LOCAL\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":1.8,\"impactScore\":5.2}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-125\"}]}],\"configurations\":[{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"4.13\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.14.2\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"072262CE-6586-4C4E-AD5A-1D2D1925BE62\"}]}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/098927a13fd918bd7c64c2de905350a1ad7b4a3a\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0c8fbb6ffb3c8f5164572ca88e4ccb6cd6a41ca8\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/27202452b0bc942fdc3db72a44c4dcdab96d5b56\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3c591353956ffcace2cc74d09930774afed60619\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5701875f9609b000d91351eaa6bfd97fe2f157f4\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b374e9ecc92aaa7fb2ab221ee3ff5451118ab566\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c000a8a9b5343a5ef867df173c6349672dacbd0f\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-019113.html\",\"source\":\"0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e\"}]}}",
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-07-30T09:36:33+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-22121",
      "id": "CVE-2025-22121",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-04-16T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:fixed": "1256",
      "product_status:known_affected": "112",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: ext4: fix out-of-bound read in ext4_xattr_inode_dec_ref_all()",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-22121.json",
      "version": "3"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.