CVE-2025-10230 (GCVE-0-2025-10230)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-07 19:42 – Updated: 2026-08-31 11:24
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Samba: command injection in wins server hook script
Summary
A flaw was found in Samba, in the front-end WINS hook handling: NetBIOS names from registration packets are passed to a shell without proper validation or escaping. Unsanitized NetBIOS name data from WINS registration packets are inserted into a shell command and executed by the Samba Active Directory Domain Controller’s wins hook, allowing an unauthenticated network attacker to achieve remote command execution as the Samba process.
Severity
10 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-11-08 04:55 UTC
CWE
- CWE-78 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-10230 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2394377 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://www.samba.org/samba/history/security.html | |
| https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-1… | |
| https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-1… |
Impacted products
7 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Affected:
0 , < 4.21.9
(semver)
Affected: 4.22.0 , < 4.21.5 (semver) Affected: 4.23.0 , < 4.23.2 (semver) |
||||
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10
|
||
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6
|
||
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7
|
||
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8
|
||
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9
|
||
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4
|
Date Public
2025-10-15 12:45
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"url": "https://www.samba.org/samba/history/security.html"
}
],
"timeline": [
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2025-09-10T12:57:52.030Z",
"value": "Reported to Red Hat."
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2025-10-15T12:45:58.298Z",
"value": "Made public."
}
],
"title": "Samba: command injection in wins server hook script",
"workarounds": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "No mitigation is currently available that meets Red Hat Product Security\u2019s standards for usability, deployment, applicability, or stability."
}
],
"x_generator": {
"engine": "cvelib 1.8.0"
},
"x_redhatCweChain": "CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command (\u0027OS Command Injection\u0027)"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "53f830b8-0a3f-465b-8143-3b8a9948e749",
"assignerShortName": "redhat",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-10230",
"datePublished": "2025-11-07T19:42:06.624Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-09-10T12:58:09.417Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-31T11:24:35.193Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
}
}
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Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.
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