CWE-601
URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
The web application accepts a user-controlled input that specifies a link to an external site, and uses that link in a redirect.
CVE-2021-22873 (GCVE-0-2021-22873)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-01-21 19:14 – Updated: 2024-08-03 18:51
VLAI
Summary
Revive Adserver before 5.1.0 is vulnerable to open redirects via the `dest`, `oadest`, and/or `ct0` parameters of the lg.php and ck.php delivery scripts. Such open redirects had previously been available by design to allow third party ad servers to track such metrics when delivering ads. However, third party click tracking via redirects is not a viable option anymore, leading to such open redirect functionality being removed and reclassified as a vulnerability.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
- CWE-601 - Open Redirect (CWE-601)
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://hackerone.com/reports/1081406 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://www.revive-adserver.com/security/revive-s… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/revive-adserver/revive-adserve… | x_refsource_MISC |
| http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2021/Jan/60 | mailing-listx_refsource_FULLDISC |
| http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/161070/Reviv… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n/a | https://github.com/revive-adserver/revive-adserver |
Affected:
Fixed in 5.1.0
|
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CVE-2021-22881 (GCVE-0-2021-22881)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-02-11 16:12 – Updated: 2024-08-03 18:58
VLAI
Summary
The Host Authorization middleware in Action Pack before 6.1.2.1, 6.0.3.5 suffers from an open redirect vulnerability. Specially crafted `Host` headers in combination with certain "allowed host" formats can cause the Host Authorization middleware in Action Pack to redirect users to a malicious website. Impacted applications will have allowed hosts with a leading dot. When an allowed host contains a leading dot, a specially crafted `Host` header can be used to redirect to a malicious website.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
- CWE-601 - Open Redirect (CWE-601)
Assigner
References
7 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://hackerone.com/reports/1047447 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://discuss.rubyonrails.org/t/cve-2021-22881-… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://benjamin-bouchet.com/cve-2021-22881-faill… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/pac… | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_FEDORA |
| http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/05/05/2 | mailing-listx_refsource_MLIST |
| http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/08/20/1 | mailing-listx_refsource_MLIST |
| http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/12/14/5 | mailing-listx_refsource_MLIST |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n/a | https://github.com/rails/rails |
Affected:
Fixed in 6.1.2.1, 6.0.3.5
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CVE-2021-22903 (GCVE-0-2021-22903)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-06-11 15:49 – Updated: 2024-08-03 18:58
VLAI
Summary
The actionpack ruby gem before 6.1.3.2 suffers from a possible open redirect vulnerability. Specially crafted Host headers in combination with certain "allowed host" formats can cause the Host Authorization middleware in Action Pack to redirect users to a malicious website. This is similar to CVE-2021-22881. Strings in config.hosts that do not have a leading dot are converted to regular expressions without proper escaping. This causes, for example, `config.hosts << "sub.example.com"` to permit a request with a Host header value of `sub-example.com`.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
- CWE-601 - Open Redirect (CWE-601)
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://hackerone.com/reports/1148025 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://discuss.rubyonrails.org/t/cve-2021-22903-… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n/a | https://github.com/rails/rails |
Affected:
Fixed in 6.1.3.2
|
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CVE-2021-22942 (GCVE-0-2021-22942)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-10-18 00:00 – Updated: 2024-08-03 18:58
VLAI
Summary
A possible open redirect vulnerability in the Host Authorization middleware in Action Pack >= 6.0.0 that could allow attackers to redirect users to a malicious website.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
- CWE-601 - Open Redirect (CWE-601)
Assigner
References
4 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n/a | https://github.com/rails/rails |
Affected:
6.1.4.1, 6.0.4.1
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CVE-2021-22963 (GCVE-0-2021-22963)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-10-14 14:50 – Updated: 2024-08-03 18:58
VLAI
Summary
A redirect vulnerability in the fastify-static module version < 4.2.4 allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary websites via a double slash // followed by a domain: http://localhost:3000//google.com/%2e%2e.The issue shows up on all the fastify-static applications that set redirect: true option. By default, it is false.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
- CWE-601 - Open Redirect (CWE-601)
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://hackerone.com/reports/1354255 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n/a | https://github.com/fastify/fastify-static |
Affected:
Affects < v4.2.4. Fixed in >= v4.2.4
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CVE-2021-23052 (GCVE-0-2021-23052)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-09-14 12:18 – Updated: 2024-08-03 18:58
VLAI
Summary
On version 14.1.x before 14.1.4.4 and all versions of 13.1.x, an open redirect vulnerability exists on virtual servers enabled with a BIG-IP APM access policy. This vulnerability allows an unauthenticated malicious user to build an open redirect URI. Note: Software versions which have reached End of Technical Support (EoTS) are not evaluated.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K32734107 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n/a | BIG-IP APM |
Affected:
14.1.x before 14.1.4.4 and all versions of 13.1.x
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CVE-2021-23888 (GCVE-0-2021-23888)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-03-26 09:30 – Updated: 2024-08-03 19:14
VLAI
Title
McAfee ePO unvalidated URL redirect vulnerability
Summary
Unvalidated client-side URL redirect vulnerability in McAfee ePolicy Orchestrator (ePO) prior to 5.10 Update 10 could cause an authenticated ePO user to load an untrusted site in an ePO iframe which could steal information from the authenticated user.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
CWE
- CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://kc.mcafee.com/corporate/index?page=conten… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| McAfee,LLC | McAfee ePolicy Orchestrator (ePO) |
Affected:
unspecified , < 5.10 CU 10
(custom)
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CVE-2021-24165 (GCVE-0-2021-24165)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-04-05 18:27 – Updated: 2024-08-03 19:21
VLAI
Title
Ninja Forms < 3.4.34 - Administrator Open Redirect
Summary
In the Ninja Forms Contact Form WordPress plugin before 3.4.34, the wp_ajax_nf_oauth_connect AJAX action was vulnerable to open redirect due to the use of a user supplied redirect parameter and no protection in place.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
- CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.wordfence.com/blog/2021/02/one-millio… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://wpscan.com/vulnerability/6147acf5-e43f-47… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unknown | Ninja Forms Contact Form – The Drag and Drop Form Builder for WordPress |
Affected:
3.4.34 , < 3.4.34
(custom)
|
Credits
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CVE-2021-24210 (GCVE-0-2021-24210)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-04-05 18:27 – Updated: 2024-08-03 19:21
VLAI
Title
PhastPress < 1.111 - Open Redirect
Summary
There is an open redirect in the PhastPress WordPress plugin before 1.111 that allows an attacker to malform a request to a page with the plugin and then redirect the victim to a malicious page. There is also a support comment from another user one year ago (https://wordpress.org/support/topic/phast-php-used-for-remote-fetch/) that says that the php involved in the request only go to whitelisted pages but it's possible to redirect the victim to any domain.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
- CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://wpscan.com/vulnerability/9b3c5412-8699-49… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/2497610/ | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unknown | PhastPress |
Affected:
1.111 , < 1.111
(custom)
|
Credits
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CVE-2021-24288 (GCVE-0-2021-24288)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-05-17 16:48 – Updated: 2024-08-03 19:28
VLAI
Title
AcyMailing < 7.5.0 - Unauthenticated Open Redirect
Summary
When subscribing using AcyMailing, the 'redirect' parameter isn't properly sanitized. Turning the request from POST to GET, an attacker can craft a link containing a potentially malicious landing page and send it to the victim.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
- CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://wpscan.com/vulnerability/56628862-1687-48… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| AcyMailing | Newsletter via SMTP, Sendinblue, Sendgrid, Mailgun - AcyMailing SMTP Newsletter |
Affected:
7.5.0 , < 7.5.0
(custom)
|
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Mitigation ID: MIT-5
Phase: Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Description:
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- Use a list of approved URLs or domains to be used for redirection.
Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- Use an intermediate disclaimer page that provides the user with a clear warning that they are leaving the current site. Implement a long timeout before the redirect occurs, or force the user to click on the link. Be careful to avoid XSS problems (CWE-79) when generating the disclaimer page.
Mitigation ID: MIT-21.2
Phase: Architecture and Design
Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion
Description:
- When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
- For example, ID 1 could map to "/login.asp" and ID 2 could map to "http://www.example.com/". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-45] provide this capability.
Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- Ensure that no externally-supplied requests are honored by requiring that all redirect requests include a unique nonce generated by the application [REF-483]. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330).
Mitigation ID: MIT-6
Phases: Architecture and Design, Implementation
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
Description:
- Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
- Many open redirect problems occur because the programmer assumed that certain inputs could not be modified, such as cookies and hidden form fields.
Mitigation ID: MIT-29
Phase: Operation
Strategy: Firewall
Description:
- Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
CAPEC-178: Cross-Site Flashing
An attacker is able to trick the victim into executing a Flash document that passes commands or calls to a Flash player browser plugin, allowing the attacker to exploit native Flash functionality in the client browser. This attack pattern occurs where an attacker can provide a crafted link to a Flash document (SWF file) which, when followed, will cause additional malicious instructions to be executed. The attacker does not need to serve or control the Flash document. The attack takes advantage of the fact that Flash files can reference external URLs. If variables that serve as URLs that the Flash application references can be controlled through parameters, then by creating a link that includes values for those parameters, an attacker can cause arbitrary content to be referenced and possibly executed by the targeted Flash application.