Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-94

Allowed-with-Review

Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.

8339 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2025-34061 (GCVE-0-2025-34061)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-03 19:46 – Updated: 2025-07-07 19:01
VLAI
Title
PHPStudy 2016-2018 Backdoor Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
A backdoor in PHPStudy versions 2016 through 2018 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code on affected installations. The backdoor listens for base64-encoded PHP payloads in the Accept-Charset HTTP header of incoming requests, decodes and executes the payload without proper validation. This leads to remote code execution as the web server user, compromising the affected system.
Severity
9.3 (Critical)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Credits
Dimensional
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-33251 (GCVE-0-2025-33251)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-18 13:56 – Updated: 2026-02-26 14:44
VLAI
Summary
NVIDIA NeMo Framework contains a vulnerability where an attacker could cause remote code execution. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to code execution, denial of service, information disclosure, and data tampering.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
NVIDIA NeMo Framework Affected: All versions prior to 2.6.1
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-33250 (GCVE-0-2025-33250)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-18 13:56 – Updated: 2026-02-26 14:44
VLAI
Summary
NVIDIA NeMo Framework contains a vulnerability where an attacker could cause remote code execution. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to code execution, denial of service, information disclosure, and data tampering.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
NVIDIA NeMo Framework Affected: All versions prior to 2.6.1
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-33240 (GCVE-0-2025-33240)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-18 13:58 – Updated: 2026-02-18 14:42
VLAI
Summary
NVIDIA Megatron Bridge contains a vulnerability in a data shuffling tutorial, where malicious input could cause a code injection. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to code execution, escalation of privileges, information disclosure, and data tampering.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
NVIDIA Megatron-Bridge Affected: All versions prior to 0.2.2
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-33239 (GCVE-0-2025-33239)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-18 13:57 – Updated: 2026-02-18 14:44
VLAI
Summary
NVIDIA Megatron Bridge contains a vulnerability in a data merging tutorial, where malicious input could cause a code injection. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to code execution, escalation of privileges, information disclosure, and data tampering.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
NVIDIA Megatron-Bridge Affected: All versions prior to 0.2.2
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-33236 (GCVE-0-2025-33236)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-18 13:55 – Updated: 2026-02-26 14:44
VLAI
Summary
NVIDIA NeMo Framework contains a vulnerability where malicious data created by an attacker could cause code injection. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to code execution, escalation of privileges, information disclosure, and data tampering.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
NVIDIA NeMo Framework Affected: All versions prior to 2.6.1
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
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CVE-2025-33233 (GCVE-0-2025-33233)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-20 17:43 – Updated: 2026-01-20 18:47
VLAI
Summary
NVIDIA Merlin Transformers4Rec for all platforms contains a vulnerability where an attacker could cause code injection. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to code execution, escalation of privileges, information disclosure, and data tampering.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
NVIDIA Merlin Transformers4Rec Affected: All code branches that do not include commit 27ddd49
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-33204 (GCVE-0-2025-33204)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-25 18:06 – Updated: 2026-02-26 16:07
VLAI
Summary
NVIDIA NeMo Framework for all platforms contains a vulnerability in the NLP and LLM components, where malicious data created by an attacker could cause code injection. A successful exploit of this vulnerability may lead to code execution, escalation of privileges, information disclosure, and data tampering.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
NVIDIA NeMo Framework Affected: All versions prior to 2.5.1
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-33184 (GCVE-0-2025-33184)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-18 16:57 – Updated: 2025-11-19 14:19
VLAI
Summary
NVIDIA Isaac-GR00T for all platforms contains a vulnerability in a Python component, where an attacker could cause a code injection issue. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to code execution, escalation of privileges, information disclosure, and data tampering.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
NVIDIA NVIDIA Isaac-GR00T N1.5 Affected: All versions that do not include code commit 7f53666
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-33183 (GCVE-0-2025-33183)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-18 16:57 – Updated: 2025-11-18 18:25
VLAI
Summary
NVIDIA Isaac-GR00T for all platforms contains a vulnerability in a Python component, where an attacker could cause a code injection issue. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to code execution, escalation of privileges, information disclosure, and data tampering.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
NVIDIA NVIDIA Isaac-GR00T N1.5 Affected: All versions that do not include code commit 7f53666
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
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Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Refactoring

Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
  • Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
  • This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
  • Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
Mitigation
Testing

Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.

Mitigation MIT-32
Operation

Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening

Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).

Mitigation MIT-32
Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).

Mitigation
Implementation

For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].

CAPEC-242: Code Injection

An adversary exploits a weakness in input validation on the target to inject new code into that which is currently executing. This differs from code inclusion in that code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.

CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files

An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.

CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables

This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.

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