Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-93
AllowedImproper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences ('CRLF Injection')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product uses CRLF (carriage return line feeds) as a special element, e.g. to separate lines or records, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes CRLF sequences from inputs.
385 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-1299 (GCVE-0-2026-1299)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-23 16:27 – Updated: 2026-03-03 14:43
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
email BytesGenerator header injection due to unquoted newlines
Summary
The
email module, specifically the "BytesGenerator" class, didn’t properly quote newlines for email headers when
serializing an email message allowing for header injection when an email
is serialized. This is only applicable if using "LiteralHeader" writing headers that don't respect email folding rules, the new behavior will reject the incorrectly folded headers in "BytesGenerator".
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-01-23 16:55 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
10 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Python Software Foundation | CPython |
Affected:
0 , < 3.10.20
(python)
Affected: 3.11.0 , < 3.11.15 (python) Affected: 3.12.0 , < 3.12.13 (python) Affected: 3.13.0 , < 3.13.12 (python) Affected: 3.14.0 , < 3.14.3 (python) Affected: 3.15.0a1 , < 3.15.0a6 (python) |
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CVE-2026-0673 (GCVE-0-2026-0673)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-06 12:27 – Updated: 2026-08-06 14:05
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Element Pack Addons for Elementor <= 8.3.15 - Unauthenticated SMTP Header Injection
Summary
The Element Pack Addons for Elementor plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Email Header Injection in all versions up to, and including, 8.3.15 via the `element_pack_contact_form` AJAX action. This is due to insufficient sanitization of newline characters in user-supplied input that gets concatenated into email headers. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to inject arbitrary email headers into emails sent by the contact form.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-06 14:02 UTC
CWE
- CWE-93 - Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences ('CRLF Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| bdthemes | Element Pack Addons for Elementor – Elementor Widgets, Elementor Templates, Elementor Addons |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 8.3.15
(semver)
|
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CVE-2026-0672 (GCVE-0-2026-0672)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-20 21:52 – Updated: 2026-03-03 14:43
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Header injection in http.cookies.Morsel
Summary
When using http.cookies.Morsel, user-controlled cookie values and parameters can allow injecting HTTP headers into messages. Patch rejects all control characters within cookie names, values, and parameters.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-01-21 15:40 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
9 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Python Software Foundation | CPython |
Affected:
0 , < 3.10.20
(python)
Affected: 3.11.0 , < 3.11.15 (python) Affected: 3.12.0 , < 3.12.13 (python) Affected: 3.13.0 , < 3.13.12 (python) Affected: 3.14.0 , < 3.14.3 (python) Affected: 3.15.0a1 , < 3.15.0a6 (python) |
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CVE-2025-67735 (GCVE-0-2025-67735)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-16 00:19 – Updated: 2025-12-16 14:26
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Netty has a CRLF Injection vulnerability in io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpRequestEncoder
Summary
Netty is an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework. In versions prior to 4.1.129.Final and 4.2.8.Final, the `io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpRequestEncoder` has a CRLF injection with the request URI when constructing a request. This leads to request smuggling when `HttpRequestEncoder` is used without proper sanitization of the URI. Any application / framework using `HttpRequestEncoder` can be subject to be abused to perform request smuggling using CRLF injection. Versions 4.1.129.Final and 4.2.8.Final fix the issue.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-12-16 14:26 UTC
CWE
- CWE-93 - Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences ('CRLF Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/netty/netty/security/advisorie… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
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CVE-2025-59419 (GCVE-0-2025-59419)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-15 15:42 – Updated: 2025-10-17 19:44
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Netty netty-codec-smtp SMTP Command Injection Vulnerability Allowing Email Forgery
Summary
Netty is an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework. In versions prior to 4.1.128.Final and 4.2.7.Final, the SMTP codec in Netty contains an SMTP command injection vulnerability due to insufficient input validation for Carriage Return (\r) and Line Feed (\n) characters in user-supplied parameters. The vulnerability exists in io.netty.handler.codec.smtp.DefaultSmtpRequest, where parameters are directly concatenated into the SMTP command string without sanitization. When methods such as SmtpRequests.rcpt(recipient) are called with a malicious string containing CRLF sequences, attackers can inject arbitrary SMTP commands. Because the injected commands are sent from the server's trusted IP address, resulting emails will likely pass SPF and DKIM authentication checks, making them appear legitimate. This allows remote attackers who can control SMTP command parameters (such as email recipients) to forge arbitrary emails from the trusted server, potentially impersonating executives and forging high-stakes corporate communications. This issue has been patched in versions 4.1.129.Final and 4.2.8.Final. No known workarounds exist.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-10-15 17:21 UTC
CWE
- CWE-93 - Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences ('CRLF Injection')
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/netty/netty/security/advisorie… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/netty/netty/commit/1782e8c2060… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://www.depthfirst.com/post/our-ai-agent-foun… |
Impacted products
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CVE-2025-59151 (GCVE-0-2025-59151)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-27 19:42 – Updated: 2025-10-27 20:24
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Pi-hole Admin Interface vulnerable to HTTP response header injection via CRLF injection
Summary
Pi-hole Admin Interface is a web interface for managing Pi-hole, a network-level advertisement and internet tracker blocking application. Pi-hole Admin Interface before 6.3 is vulnerable to Carriage Return Line Feed (CRLF) injection. When a request is made to a file ending with the .lp extension, the application performs a redirect without properly sanitizing the input. An attacker can inject carriage return and line feed characters (%0d%0a) to manipulate both the headers and the content of the HTTP response. This enables the injection of arbitrary HTTP response headers, potentially leading to session fixation, cache poisoning, and the weakening or bypassing of browser-based security mechanisms such as Content Security Policy or X-XSS-Protection. This vulnerability is fixed in 6.3.
Severity
8.2 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-10-27 20:23 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/pi-hole/web/security/advisorie… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
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CVE-2025-57804 (GCVE-0-2025-57804)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-25 21:04 – Updated: 2025-11-03 18:13
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
h2 allows HTTP Request Smuggling due to illegal characters in headers
Summary
h2 is a pure-Python implementation of a HTTP/2 protocol stack. Prior to version 4.3.0, an HTTP/2 request splitting vulnerability allows attackers to perform request smuggling attacks by injecting CRLF characters into headers. This occurs when servers downgrade HTTP/2 requests to HTTP/1.1 without properly validating header names/values, enabling attackers to manipulate request boundaries and bypass security controls. This issue has been patched in version 4.3.0.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-08-26 19:14 UTC
CWE
- CWE-93 - Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences ('CRLF Injection')
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/python-hyper/h2/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/python-hyper/h2/commit/035e989… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025… |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| python-hyper | h2 |
Affected:
< 4.3.0
|
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CVE-2025-54972 (GCVE-0-2025-54972)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-18 17:01 – Updated: 2026-01-14 09:15
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
An improper neutralization of crlf sequences ('crlf injection') vulnerability in Fortinet FortiMail 7.6.0 through 7.6.3, FortiMail 7.4.0 through 7.4.5, FortiMail 7.2 all versions, FortiMail 7.0 all versions may allow an attacker to inject headers in the response via convincing a user to click on a specifically crafted link
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-11-19 14:27 UTC
CWE
- CWE-93 - Information disclosure
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fortinet | FortiMail |
Affected:
7.6.0 , ≤ 7.6.3
(semver)
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CVE-2025-53094 (GCVE-0-2025-53094)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-06-27 19:57 – Updated: 2025-06-27 20:19
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
ESPAsyncWebServer Vulnerable to CRLF Injection in AsyncWebHeader.cpp
Summary
ESPAsyncWebServer is an asynchronous HTTP and WebSocket server library for ESP32, ESP8266, RP2040 and RP2350. In versions up to and including 3.7.8, a CRLF (Carriage Return Line Feed) injection vulnerability exists in the construction and output of HTTP headers within `AsyncWebHeader.cpp`. Unsanitized input allows attackers to inject CR (`\r`) or LF (`\n`) characters into header names or values, leading to arbitrary header or response manipulation. Manipulation of HTTP headers and responses can enable a wide range of attacks, making the severity of this vulnerability high. A fix is available at pull request 211 and is expected to be part of version 3.7.9.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-06-27 20:18 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/ESP32Async/ESPAsyncWebServer/s… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/ESP32Async/ESPAsyncWebServer/p… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/ESP32Async/ESPAsyncWebServer/b… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ESP32Async | ESPAsyncWebServer |
Affected:
<= 3.7.8
|
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CVE-2025-52479 (GCVE-0-2025-52479)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-06-25 16:06 – Updated: 2026-05-07 20:47
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
HTTP.jl vulnerable to CR/LF Injection in URIs
Summary
HTTP.jl provides HTTP client and server functionality for Julia, and URIs.jl parses and works with Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs). URIs.jl prior to version 1.6.0 and HTTP.jl prior to version 1.10.17 allows the construction of URIs containing CR/LF characters. If user input was not otherwise escaped or protected, this can lead to a CRLF injection attack. Users of HTTP.jl should upgrade immediately to HTTP.jl v1.10.17, and users of URIs.jl should upgrade immediately to URIs.jl v1.6.0. The check for valid URIs is now in the URI.jl package, and the latest version of HTTP.jl incorporates that fix. As a workaround, manually validate any URIs before passing them on to functions in this package.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-06-26 19:52 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/JuliaWeb/HTTP.jl/security/advi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/JuliaWeb/URIs.jl/pull/66 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/JuliaWeb/HTTP.jl/commit/e12495… | x_refsource_MISC |
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Mitigation
Implementation
Avoid using CRLF as a special sequence.
Mitigation
Implementation
Appropriately filter or quote CRLF sequences in user-controlled input.
CAPEC-15: Command Delimiters
An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that allows an attacker's commands to be concatenated onto a legitimate command with the intent of targeting other resources such as the file system or database. The system that uses a filter or denylist input validation, as opposed to allowlist validation is vulnerable to an attacker who predicts delimiters (or combinations of delimiters) not present in the filter or denylist. As with other injection attacks, the attacker uses the command delimiter payload as an entry point to tunnel through the application and activate additional attacks through SQL queries, shell commands, network scanning, and so on.
CAPEC-81: Web Server Logs Tampering
Web Logs Tampering attacks involve an attacker injecting, deleting or otherwise tampering with the contents of web logs typically for the purposes of masking other malicious behavior. Additionally, writing malicious data to log files may target jobs, filters, reports, and other agents that process the logs in an asynchronous attack pattern. This pattern of attack is similar to "Log Injection-Tampering-Forging" except that in this case, the attack is targeting the logs of the web server and not the application.