Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
15137 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-V69P-RMXQ-38M9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-10 00:00 – Updated: 2022-09-11 00:00
VLAI
Details
A heap-based overflow vulnerability in ConstructDictionary function in libSDKRecognitionText.spensdk.samsung.so library prior to SMR Sep-2022 Release 1 allows attacker to cause memory access fault.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-36846"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-09-09T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A heap-based overflow vulnerability in ConstructDictionary function in libSDKRecognitionText.spensdk.samsung.so library prior to SMR Sep-2022 Release 1 allows attacker to cause memory access fault.",
"id": "GHSA-v69p-rmxq-38m9",
"modified": "2022-09-11T00:00:29Z",
"published": "2022-09-10T00:00:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-36846"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.samsungmobile.com/securityUpdate.smsb?year=2022\u0026month=09"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-V6C6-4JX6-G5GV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-01-14 00:01 – Updated: 2022-01-15 00:02
VLAI
Details
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Bentley View 10.15.0.75. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of J2K files. Crafted data in a J2K file can trigger a write past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-14893.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-34915"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-01-13T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Bentley View 10.15.0.75. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of J2K files. Crafted data in a J2K file can trigger a write past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-14893.",
"id": "GHSA-v6c6-4jx6-g5gv",
"modified": "2022-01-15T00:02:20Z",
"published": "2022-01-14T00:01:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-34915"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.bentley.com/en/common-vulnerability-exposure/BE-2021-0006"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-21-1503"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-V6C6-GCWR-P5PM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-07-20 00:00 – Updated: 2022-07-27 00:00
VLAI
Details
DOS / potential heap overwrite in mkv demuxing using HEADERSTRIP decompression. Integer overflow in matroskaparse element in gst_matroska_decompress_data function which causes a heap overflow. Due to restrictions on chunk sizes in the matroskademux element, the overflow can't be triggered, however the matroskaparse element has no size checks.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-1925"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122",
"CWE-190",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-07-19T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "DOS / potential heap overwrite in mkv demuxing using HEADERSTRIP decompression. Integer overflow in matroskaparse element in gst_matroska_decompress_data function which causes a heap overflow. Due to restrictions on chunk sizes in the matroskademux element, the overflow can\u0027t be triggered, however the matroskaparse element has no size checks.",
"id": "GHSA-v6c6-gcwr-p5pm",
"modified": "2022-07-27T00:00:31Z",
"published": "2022-07-20T00:00:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-1925"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/gstreamer/gstreamer/-/issues/1225"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/08/msg00001.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5204"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-V6FX-3QCR-2MFG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:36 – Updated: 2025-10-22 03:30
VLAI
Details
Stack-based buffer overflow in the RtlQueryRegistryValues function in win32k.sys in Microsoft Windows XP SP2 and SP3, Windows Server 2003 SP2, Windows Vista SP1 and SP2, Windows Server 2008 Gold, SP2, and R2, and Windows 7 allows local users to gain privileges, and bypass the User Account Control (UAC) feature, via a crafted REG_BINARY value for a SystemDefaultEUDCFont registry key, aka "Driver Improper Interaction with Windows Kernel Vulnerability."
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2010-4398"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2010-12-06T13:44:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Stack-based buffer overflow in the RtlQueryRegistryValues function in win32k.sys in Microsoft Windows XP SP2 and SP3, Windows Server 2003 SP2, Windows Vista SP1 and SP2, Windows Server 2008 Gold, SP2, and R2, and Windows 7 allows local users to gain privileges, and bypass the User Account Control (UAC) feature, via a crafted REG_BINARY value for a SystemDefaultEUDCFont registry key, aka \"Driver Improper Interaction with Windows Kernel Vulnerability.\"",
"id": "GHSA-v6fx-3qcr-2mfg",
"modified": "2025-10-22T03:30:29Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T02:36:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2010-4398"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/security-updates/securitybulletins/2011/ms11-011"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A12162"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2010-4398"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://isc.sans.edu/diary.html?storyid=9988"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://nakedsecurity.sophos.com/2010/11/25/new-windows-zero-day-flaw-bypasses-uac"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/42356"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://support.avaya.com/css/P8/documents/100127248"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://twitter.com/msftsecresponse/statuses/7590788200402945"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.exploit-db.com/bypassing-uac-with-user-privilege-under-windows-vista7-mirror"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/15609"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/529673"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/45045"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id?1025046"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2011/0324"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-V6GH-MJ92-4MVJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-08 00:00 – Updated: 2022-04-15 00:01
VLAI
Details
ASUS RT-AX56U’s user profile configuration function is vulnerable to stack-based buffer overflow due to insufficient validation for parameter length. An unauthenticated LAN attacker can execute arbitrary code to perform arbitrary operations or disrupt service.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-23973"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-04-07T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "ASUS RT-AX56U\u2019s user profile configuration function is vulnerable to stack-based buffer overflow due to insufficient validation for parameter length. An unauthenticated LAN attacker can execute arbitrary code to perform arbitrary operations or disrupt service.",
"id": "GHSA-v6gh-mj92-4mvj",
"modified": "2022-04-15T00:01:01Z",
"published": "2022-04-08T00:00:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-23973"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-5787-b0e64-1.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-V6GP-9MMM-C6P5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-11 21:21 – Updated: 2022-04-11 21:21
VLAI
Summary
Out-of-bounds Write in zlib affects Nokogiri
Details
Summary
Nokogiri v1.13.4 updates the vendored zlib from 1.2.11 to 1.2.12, which addresses CVE-2018-25032. That CVE is scored as CVSS 7.4 "High" on the NVD record as of 2022-04-05.
Please note that this advisory only applies to the CRuby implementation of Nokogiri < 1.13.4, and only if the packaged version of zlib is being used. Please see this document for a complete description of which platform gems vendor zlib. If you've overridden defaults at installation time to use system libraries instead of packaged libraries, you should instead pay attention to your distro's zlib release announcements.
Mitigation
Upgrade to Nokogiri >= v1.13.4.
Impact
CVE-2018-25032 in zlib
- Severity: High
- Type: CWE-787 Out of bounds write
- Description: zlib before 1.2.12 allows memory corruption when deflating (i.e., when compressing) if the input has many distant matches.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "RubyGems",
"name": "nokogiri"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.13.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-04-11T21:21:28Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "## Summary\n\nNokogiri v1.13.4 updates the vendored zlib from 1.2.11 to 1.2.12, which addresses [CVE-2018-25032](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-25032). That CVE is scored as CVSS 7.4 \"High\" on the NVD record as of 2022-04-05.\n\nPlease note that this advisory only applies to the CRuby implementation of Nokogiri `\u003c 1.13.4`, and only if the packaged version of `zlib` is being used. Please see [this document](https://nokogiri.org/LICENSE-DEPENDENCIES.html#default-platform-release-ruby) for a complete description of which platform gems vendor `zlib`. If you\u0027ve overridden defaults at installation time to use system libraries instead of packaged libraries, you should instead pay attention to your distro\u0027s `zlib` release announcements. \n\n## Mitigation\n\nUpgrade to Nokogiri `\u003e= v1.13.4`.\n\n## Impact\n\n### [CVE-2018-25032](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-25032) in zlib\n\n- **Severity**: High\n- **Type**: [CWE-787](https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/787.html) Out of bounds write\n- **Description**: zlib before 1.2.12 allows memory corruption when deflating (i.e., when compressing) if the input has many distant matches.\n\n",
"id": "GHSA-v6gp-9mmm-c6p5",
"modified": "2022-04-11T21:21:28Z",
"published": "2022-04-11T21:21:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/security/advisories/GHSA-v6gp-9mmm-c6p5"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-25032"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-jc36-42cf-vqwj"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/releases/tag/v1.13.4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://groups.google.com/g/ruby-security-ann/c/vX7qSjsvWis/m/TJWN4oOKBwAJ?utm_medium=email\u0026utm_source=footer"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Out-of-bounds Write in zlib affects Nokogiri"
}
GHSA-V6HV-5RRM-2F28
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-19 15:31 – Updated: 2026-06-30 03:36
VLAI
Details
Memory safety bugs present in Firefox ESR 115.35, Firefox ESR 140.10 and Firefox 150. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort some of these could have been exploited to run arbitrary code. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 151, Firefox ESR 115.36, and Firefox ESR 140.11.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-8975"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-19T14:16:54Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Memory safety bugs present in Firefox ESR 115.35, Firefox ESR 140.10 and Firefox 150. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort some of these could have been exploited to run arbitrary code. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 151, Firefox ESR 115.36, and Firefox ESR 140.11.",
"id": "GHSA-v6hv-5rrm-2f28",
"modified": "2026-06-30T03:36:44Z",
"published": "2026-05-19T15:31:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-8975"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2026-51"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2026-50"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2026-48"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2026-47"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2026-46"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-8975.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2479840"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/buglist.cgi?bug_id=1860195%2C2029325%2C2029429%2C2029910%2C2035915%2C2038678%2C2038669"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-8975"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:27715"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:26630"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:26629"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:26606"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:26551"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:26539"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:26536"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:26521"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:26493"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:26492"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:26491"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:26270"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:26269"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:26268"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:26174"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:22643"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:22325"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:21382"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:21381"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:21380"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:21378"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-V6HW-WWHM-Q834
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-15 21:31 – Updated: 2025-08-19 15:31
VLAI
Details
A maliciously crafted DWG file, when parsed through certain Autodesk applications, can force an Out-of-Bounds Write vulnerability. A malicious actor may leverage this vulnerability to cause a crash, cause data corruption, or execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-1276"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-04-15T21:15:47Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A maliciously crafted DWG file, when parsed through certain Autodesk applications, can force an Out-of-Bounds Write vulnerability. A malicious actor may leverage this vulnerability to cause a crash, cause data corruption, or execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process.",
"id": "GHSA-v6hw-wwhm-q834",
"modified": "2025-08-19T15:31:20Z",
"published": "2025-04-15T21:31:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-1276"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.autodesk.com/products/autodesk-access/overview"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.autodesk.com/products/dwg-trueview/overview"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.autodesk.com/trust/security-advisories/adsk-sa-2025-0004"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-V6J3-HR57-QPJ7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-01-14 00:01 – Updated: 2022-01-16 00:00
VLAI
Details
Adobe InCopy version 16.4 (and earlier) is affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-45053"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-01-13T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Adobe InCopy version 16.4 (and earlier) is affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-v6j3-hr57-qpj7",
"modified": "2022-01-16T00:00:59Z",
"published": "2022-01-14T00:01:59Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-45053"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/incopy/apsb22-04.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-V6JH-V6G4-M737
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-26 21:30 – Updated: 2024-11-27 21:32
VLAI
Details
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of U3D files. Crafted data in a U3D file can trigger a write past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-18345.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-42370"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-26T18:59:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of U3D files. Crafted data in a U3D file can trigger a write past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-18345.",
"id": "GHSA-v6jh-v6g4-m737",
"modified": "2024-11-27T21:32:37Z",
"published": "2023-01-26T21:30:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-42370"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.tracker-software.com/product/pdf-xchange-editor/history"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-22-1352"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.