CWE-787
Weakness Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
Dimensions
- Behavior-Type: Write
- Resource-Type: Memory Buffer
- Resource-Property: Out-of-bounds
Mapping guidance
This CWE entry is at the Base level of abstraction, which is a preferred level of abstraction for mapping to the root causes of vulnerabilities. However, closer examination is required.
While this CWE is allowed for mapping, it has more specific children that might be a better fit. Carefully read both the name and description to ensure that this mapping is appropriate. Consider the root cause errors that have led to the out-of-bounds write by examining "CanFollow" relationships for this entry.
Relationships and members
Modes of introduction
Detection methods
Automated Static Analysis
This weakness can often be detected using automated static analysis tools. Many modern tools use data flow analysis or constraint-based techniques to minimize the number of false positives.
Automated static analysis generally does not account for environmental considerations when reporting out-of-bounds memory operations. This can make it difficult for users to determine which warnings should be investigated first. For example, an analysis tool might report buffer overflows that originate from command line arguments in a program that is not expected to run with setuid or other special privileges.
Effectiveness: High
Detection techniques for buffer-related errors are more mature than for most other weakness types.
Automated Dynamic Analysis
This weakness can be detected using dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the software using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The software's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
Automated Dynamic Analysis
Use tools that are integrated during compilation to insert runtime error-checking mechanisms related to memory safety errors, such as AddressSanitizer (ASan) for C/C++ [REF-1518].
Effectiveness: Moderate
Crafted inputs are necessary to reach the code containing the error, such as generated by fuzzers. Also, these tools may reduce performance, and they only report the error condition - not the original mistake that led to the error.
Content history
Suggested mappings to ISA/IEC 62443.
Provided diagram to improve CWE usability
updated Demonstrative_Examples
updated Relationships
updated Common_Consequences
updated Demonstrative_Examples
updated Relationships
updated Description
updated Applicable_Platforms, Demonstrative_Examples, Detection_Factors, Likelihood_of_Exploit, Observed_Examples, Potential_Mitigations, References, Relationships, Time_of_Introduction
updated Observed_Examples, Relationships
updated Observed_Examples
updated Alternate_Terms, Demonstrative_Examples, Observed_Examples, Relationships
updated Relationships
updated Demonstrative_Examples
updated Demonstrative_Examples, Potential_Mitigations, Relationships
updated Observed_Examples, Relationships
updated Applicable_Platforms
updated Alternate_Terms, Demonstrative_Examples, Description
updated Potential_Mitigations, References, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings
updated Mapping_Notes, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings
updated Demonstrative_Examples
updated Alternate_Terms, Common_Consequences, Description, Diagram, Weakness_Ordinalities
updated Observed_Examples, Relationships
updated Observed_Examples, Relationships
updated Affected_Resources, Functional_Areas, References
updated Applicable_Platforms, Detection_Factors, References, Relationships
updated Mapping_Notes
updated Dimensions, Observed_Examples, References, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings
16871 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-JG5H-W94J-2VFC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:12 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:12Adobe Photoshop CC 2019 versions 20.0.8 and earlier, and Photoshop 2020 versions 21.1 and earlier have a memory corruption vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to arbitrary code execution.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-3788"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-03-25T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Adobe Photoshop CC 2019 versions 20.0.8 and earlier, and Photoshop 2020 versions 21.1 and earlier have a memory corruption vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to arbitrary code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-jg5h-w94j-2vfc",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:12:43Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:12:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-3788"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/photoshop/apsb20-14.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-JG69-HQ9P-75R5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:23 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:23Stack-based buffer overflow in the econet_sendmsg function in net/econet/af_econet.c in the Linux kernel before 2.6.36.2, when an econet address is configured, allows local users to gain privileges by providing a large number of iovec structures.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2010-3848"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2010-12-30T19:00:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Stack-based buffer overflow in the econet_sendmsg function in net/econet/af_econet.c in the Linux kernel before 2.6.36.2, when an econet address is configured, allows local users to gain privileges by providing a large number of iovec structures.",
"id": "GHSA-jg69-hq9p-75r5",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:23:33Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:23:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2010-3848"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=644156"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux-2.6.git%3Ba=commit%3Bh=a27e13d370415add3487949c60810e36069a23a6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux-2.6.git;a=commit;h=a27e13d370415add3487949c60810e36069a23a6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2011-01/msg00007.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2011-02/msg00000.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2011-02/msg00002.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2010/11/30/1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/43056"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/43291"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2010/dsa-2126"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/ChangeLog-2.6.36.2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.mandriva.com/security/advisories?name=MDVSA-2010:257"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-1023-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2011/0213"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2011/0298"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2011/0375"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-JG6M-X829-8JXM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-27 21:31 – Updated: 2026-07-28 18:32An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.7.8, macOS Sonoma 14.8.8, macOS Tahoe 26.6. An app may be able to access sensitive user data.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-43774"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-27T21:17:01Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.7.8, macOS Sonoma 14.8.8, macOS Tahoe 26.6. An app may be able to access sensitive user data.",
"id": "GHSA-jg6m-x829-8jxm",
"modified": "2026-07-28T18:32:52Z",
"published": "2026-07-27T21:31:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-43774"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/128067"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/128071"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/128072"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JG7Q-X23V-354J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-22 00:00 – Updated: 2022-03-17 00:05Two memory vulnerabilities exists in openSUSE libsolv through 13 Dec 2020 in the resolve_weak function at src/solver.c: line 2222 and 2249.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-44576"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-02-21T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Two memory vulnerabilities exists in openSUSE libsolv through 13 Dec 2020 in the resolve_weak function at src/solver.c: line 2222 and 2249.",
"id": "GHSA-jg7q-x23v-354j",
"modified": "2022-03-17T00:05:24Z",
"published": "2022-02-22T00:00:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-44576"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openSUSE/libsolv/issues/426"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/yangjiageng/PoC/blob/master/libsolv-PoCs/resolve_weak-2222"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/yangjiageng/PoC/blob/master/libsolv-PoCs/resolve_weak-2249"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/XVLRHB6CUX3SHYOIGVUQNWAOW5JYANWH"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JG85-FHQF-2GFW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:16 – Updated: 2022-05-14 02:16Linux drivers/char/lp.c Out-of-Bounds Write. Due to a missing bounds check, and the fact that parport_ptr integer is static, a 'secure boot' kernel command line adversary (can happen due to bootloader vulns, e.g. Google Nexus 6's CVE-2016-10277, where due to a vulnerability the adversary has partial control over the command line) can overflow the parport_nr array in the following code, by appending many (>LP_NO) 'lp=none' arguments to the command line.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-1000363"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-07-17T13:18:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Linux drivers/char/lp.c Out-of-Bounds Write. Due to a missing bounds check, and the fact that parport_ptr integer is static, a \u0027secure boot\u0027 kernel command line adversary (can happen due to bootloader vulns, e.g. Google Nexus 6\u0027s CVE-2016-10277, where due to a vulnerability the adversary has partial control over the command line) can overflow the parport_nr array in the following code, by appending many (\u003eLP_NO) \u0027lp=none\u0027 arguments to the command line.",
"id": "GHSA-jg85-fhqf-2gfw",
"modified": "2022-05-14T02:16:58Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T02:16:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-1000363"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://alephsecurity.com/vulns/aleph-2017023"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2017/dsa-3945"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/98651"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JG8G-R9VQ-JQFP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:23 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:23Heap-based buffer overflow in the bcm_connect function in net/can/bcm.c (aka the Broadcast Manager) in the Controller Area Network (CAN) implementation in the Linux kernel before 2.6.36.2 on 64-bit platforms might allow local users to cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a connect operation.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2010-3874"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2010-12-29T18:00:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Heap-based buffer overflow in the bcm_connect function in net/can/bcm.c (aka the Broadcast Manager) in the Controller Area Network (CAN) implementation in the Linux kernel before 2.6.36.2 on 64-bit platforms might allow local users to cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a connect operation.",
"id": "GHSA-jg8g-r9vq-jqfp",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:23:33Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:23:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2010-3874"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=649695"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux-2.6.git%3Ba=commit%3Bh=0597d1b99fcfc2c0eada09a698f85ed413d4ba84"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux-2.6.git;a=commit;h=0597d1b99fcfc2c0eada09a698f85ed413d4ba84"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.fedoraproject.org/pipermail/package-announce/2010-December/052513.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2011-01/msg00000.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2011-01/msg00001.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2011-01/msg00004.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2011-02/msg00000.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2010/11/03/3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2010/11/04/4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2010/12/20/2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2010/12/20/3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2010/12/20/4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2010/12/20/5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2010/12/21/1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/42745"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/42778"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/42801"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/42890"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/42932"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2010/dsa-2126"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/ChangeLog-2.6.36.2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.mandriva.com/security/advisories?name=MDVSA-2011:029"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.redhat.com/support/errata/RHSA-2010-0958.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.redhat.com/support/errata/RHSA-2011-0007.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.spinics.net/lists/netdev/msg145791.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.spinics.net/lists/netdev/msg146469.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2010/3321"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2011/0012"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2011/0124"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2011/0298"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-JGFH-MMM7-5FQQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:37 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:37An issue was discovered in Adobe Acrobat Reader 2018.009.20050 and earlier versions, 2017.011.30070 and earlier versions, 2015.006.30394 and earlier versions. The vulnerability is caused by the computation that writes data past the end of the intended buffer; the computation is part of the image conversion module that processes Enhanced Metafile Format Plus (EMF+) data. An attacker can potentially leverage the vulnerability to corrupt sensitive data or execute arbitrary code.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-4879"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-02-27T05:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in Adobe Acrobat Reader 2018.009.20050 and earlier versions, 2017.011.30070 and earlier versions, 2015.006.30394 and earlier versions. The vulnerability is caused by the computation that writes data past the end of the intended buffer; the computation is part of the image conversion module that processes Enhanced Metafile Format Plus (EMF+) data. An attacker can potentially leverage the vulnerability to corrupt sensitive data or execute arbitrary code.",
"id": "GHSA-jgfh-mmm7-5fqq",
"modified": "2022-05-14T03:37:35Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T03:37:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-4879"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat/apsb18-02.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/102994"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1040364"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JGG6-4C26-32V5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-09 03:30 – Updated: 2023-01-12 21:30Kernel subsystem within OpenHarmony-v3.1.4 and prior versions in kernel_liteos_a has a kernel stack overflow vulnerability when call SysTimerGettime. 4 bytes padding data from kernel stack are copied to user space incorrectly and leaked.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-43662"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-120",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-09T03:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Kernel subsystem within OpenHarmony-v3.1.4 and prior versions in kernel_liteos_a has a kernel stack overflow vulnerability when call SysTimerGettime. 4 bytes padding data from kernel stack are copied to user space incorrectly and leaked.",
"id": "GHSA-jgg6-4c26-32v5",
"modified": "2023-01-12T21:30:25Z",
"published": "2023-01-09T03:30:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-43662"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitee.com/openharmony/security/blob/master/en/security-disclosure/2022/2022-12.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JGGW-WGM7-PQ5P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-22 03:30 – Updated: 2026-03-22 03:30ZOC Terminal 7.23.4 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in the Shell field of Program Settings that allows local attackers to crash the application by supplying an excessively long string. Attackers can paste a crafted payload into the Shell configuration field and trigger a crash when accessing the Command Shell feature.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-25589"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-22T01:16:57Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "ZOC Terminal 7.23.4 contains a buffer overflow vulnerability in the Shell field of Program Settings that allows local attackers to crash the application by supplying an excessively long string. Attackers can paste a crafted payload into the Shell configuration field and trigger a crash when accessing the Command Shell feature.",
"id": "GHSA-jggw-wgm7-pq5p",
"modified": "2026-03-22T03:30:25Z",
"published": "2026-03-22T03:30:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-25589"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.emtec.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/46857"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/zoc-terminal-buffer-overflow-denial-of-service"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.emtec.com/downloads/zoc/zoc7234_x64.exe"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-JGHR-2725-8VWF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-08-04 18:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 06:33Connected IO v2.1.0 and prior has a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in its communication protocol, enabling attackers to take control over devices.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-33375"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-08-04T18:15:12Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Connected IO v2.1.0 and prior has a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in its communication protocol, enabling attackers to take control over devices.",
"id": "GHSA-jghr-2725-8vwf",
"modified": "2024-04-04T06:33:55Z",
"published": "2023-08-04T18:30:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-33375"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://claroty.com/team82/disclosure-dashboard/cve-2023-33375"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.connectedio.com/products/routers"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.