CWE-787
Weakness Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
Dimensions
- Behavior-Type: Write
- Resource-Type: Memory Buffer
- Resource-Property: Out-of-bounds
Mapping guidance
This CWE entry is at the Base level of abstraction, which is a preferred level of abstraction for mapping to the root causes of vulnerabilities. However, closer examination is required.
While this CWE is allowed for mapping, it has more specific children that might be a better fit. Carefully read both the name and description to ensure that this mapping is appropriate. Consider the root cause errors that have led to the out-of-bounds write by examining "CanFollow" relationships for this entry.
Relationships and members
Modes of introduction
Detection methods
Automated Static Analysis
This weakness can often be detected using automated static analysis tools. Many modern tools use data flow analysis or constraint-based techniques to minimize the number of false positives.
Automated static analysis generally does not account for environmental considerations when reporting out-of-bounds memory operations. This can make it difficult for users to determine which warnings should be investigated first. For example, an analysis tool might report buffer overflows that originate from command line arguments in a program that is not expected to run with setuid or other special privileges.
Effectiveness: High
Detection techniques for buffer-related errors are more mature than for most other weakness types.
Automated Dynamic Analysis
This weakness can be detected using dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the software using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The software's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
Automated Dynamic Analysis
Use tools that are integrated during compilation to insert runtime error-checking mechanisms related to memory safety errors, such as AddressSanitizer (ASan) for C/C++ [REF-1518].
Effectiveness: Moderate
Crafted inputs are necessary to reach the code containing the error, such as generated by fuzzers. Also, these tools may reduce performance, and they only report the error condition - not the original mistake that led to the error.
Content history
Suggested mappings to ISA/IEC 62443.
Provided diagram to improve CWE usability
updated Demonstrative_Examples
updated Relationships
updated Common_Consequences
updated Demonstrative_Examples
updated Relationships
updated Description
updated Applicable_Platforms, Demonstrative_Examples, Detection_Factors, Likelihood_of_Exploit, Observed_Examples, Potential_Mitigations, References, Relationships, Time_of_Introduction
updated Observed_Examples, Relationships
updated Observed_Examples
updated Alternate_Terms, Demonstrative_Examples, Observed_Examples, Relationships
updated Relationships
updated Demonstrative_Examples
updated Demonstrative_Examples, Potential_Mitigations, Relationships
updated Observed_Examples, Relationships
updated Applicable_Platforms
updated Alternate_Terms, Demonstrative_Examples, Description
updated Potential_Mitigations, References, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings
updated Mapping_Notes, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings
updated Demonstrative_Examples
updated Alternate_Terms, Common_Consequences, Description, Diagram, Weakness_Ordinalities
updated Observed_Examples, Relationships
updated Observed_Examples, Relationships
updated Affected_Resources, Functional_Areas, References
updated Applicable_Platforms, Detection_Factors, References, Relationships
updated Mapping_Notes
updated Dimensions, Observed_Examples, References, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings
16871 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-JFRH-M635-CMP3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-11 00:00 – Updated: 2022-02-15 00:03In power_hal_manager_service, there is a possible permission bypass due to a stack-based buffer overflow. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS06219150; Issue ID: ALPS06219150.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-20040"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-02-09T23:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In power_hal_manager_service, there is a possible permission bypass due to a stack-based buffer overflow. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS06219150; Issue ID: ALPS06219150.",
"id": "GHSA-jfrh-m635-cmp3",
"modified": "2022-02-15T00:03:00Z",
"published": "2022-02-11T00:00:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-20040"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://corp.mediatek.com/product-security-bulletin/February-2022"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-JFRX-5CMC-XPFV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-20 18:30 – Updated: 2026-08-20 18:30GStreamer MRF File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of GStreamer. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.
The specific flaw exists within the parsing of MRF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a write past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-29510.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-18295"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-20T17:17:26Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "GStreamer MRF File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of GStreamer. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of MRF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a write past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-29510.",
"id": "GHSA-jfrx-5cmc-xpfv",
"modified": "2026-08-20T18:30:57Z",
"published": "2026-08-20T18:30:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-18295"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gstreamer.freedesktop.org/security/sa-2026-0050.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-26-463"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JFWG-QVFJ-22X4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-25 09:31 – Updated: 2026-06-28 09:31In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
Bluetooth: hci_sync: reject oversized Broadcast Announcement prepend
Existing advertising instances can already hold the maximum extended advertising payload. When hci_adv_bcast_annoucement() prepends the Broadcast Announcement service data to that payload, the combined data may no longer fit in the temporary buffer used to rebuild the advertising data.
Reject that case before copying the existing payload and report the failure through the device log. This keeps the existing advertising data intact and avoids overrunning the temporary buffer.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-53209"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-25T09:16:38Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nBluetooth: hci_sync: reject oversized Broadcast Announcement prepend\n\nExisting advertising instances can already hold the maximum extended\nadvertising payload. When hci_adv_bcast_annoucement() prepends the\nBroadcast Announcement service data to that payload, the combined data\nmay no longer fit in the temporary buffer used to rebuild the\nadvertising data.\n\nReject that case before copying the existing payload and report the\nfailure through the device log. This keeps the existing advertising\ndata intact and avoids overrunning the temporary buffer.",
"id": "GHSA-jfwg-qvfj-22x4",
"modified": "2026-06-28T09:31:44Z",
"published": "2026-06-25T09:31:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-53209"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/02f50e8bb69f9b22516163a09922f5537d3b12d1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/10b0e832cc05d7aef4b92bed912cbd4a395d0862"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1338ee049a8910ba6c9cee963920e978e6893c7d"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5c65b96b549ea2dcfde497436bf9e048deb87758"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cdd8bbdbee763fdf5bf343e6f7d4e79347739f62"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dafc9f57140e66a10945127aa7433c3d715dc253"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JFWR-HQ92-W8GG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-18 03:30 – Updated: 2023-07-18 03:30A heap overflow vulnerability found in EdgeRouters and Aircubes allows a malicious actor to interrupt UPnP service to said devices.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-31998"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-120",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-07-18T03:15:55Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A heap overflow vulnerability found in EdgeRouters and Aircubes allows a malicious actor to interrupt UPnP service to said devices.",
"id": "GHSA-jfwr-hq92-w8gg",
"modified": "2023-07-18T03:30:22Z",
"published": "2023-07-18T03:30:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-31998"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://community.ui.com/releases/Security-Advisory-Bulletin-033-033/17f7c7c0-830b-4625-a2ee-e90e514e7b0f"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JFXM-VQ42-GJ65
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-26 21:30 – Updated: 2024-11-27 21:32This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of U3D files. Crafted data in a U3D file can trigger a write past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-18402.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-42373"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-26T18:59:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of U3D files. Crafted data in a U3D file can trigger a write past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-18402.",
"id": "GHSA-jfxm-vq42-gj65",
"modified": "2024-11-27T21:32:37Z",
"published": "2023-01-26T21:30:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-42373"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.tracker-software.com/product/pdf-xchange-editor/history"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-22-1360"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JG24-X8CV-C9JR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-12 00:00 – Updated: 2022-04-20 00:01Improper boundary check in Quram Agif library prior to SMR Apr-2022 Release 1 allows arbitrary code execution.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-26092"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-04-11T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Improper boundary check in Quram Agif library prior to SMR Apr-2022 Release 1 allows arbitrary code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-jg24-x8cv-c9jr",
"modified": "2022-04-20T00:01:05Z",
"published": "2022-04-12T00:00:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-26092"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.samsungmobile.com/securityUpdate.smsb?year=2022\u0026month=4"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JG2M-M4C7-RHFW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:47 – Updated: 2025-05-20 18:30A remote code execution vulnerability exists in the way the scripting engine handles objects in memory in Microsoft browsers, aka 'Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability'. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2019-0920, CVE-2019-0988, CVE-2019-1005, CVE-2019-1055.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-1080"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-06-12T14:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A remote code execution vulnerability exists in the way the scripting engine handles objects in memory in Microsoft browsers, aka \u0027Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability\u0027. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2019-0920, CVE-2019-0988, CVE-2019-1005, CVE-2019-1055.",
"id": "GHSA-jg2m-m4c7-rhfw",
"modified": "2025-05-20T18:30:47Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:47:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-1080"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2019-1080"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2019-1080"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JG3H-PV7C-4F9C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-01 17:51 – Updated: 2026-07-01 17:51Summary
A memory-safety vulnerability in Open Babel's Gaussian output parser
allowed an out-of-bounds write into the translationVectors[] array
when reading a crafted input file.
Details
The Gaussian reader stored periodic-cell translation vectors into a
fixed-size translationVectors[] array. A malformed input could push
more vectors than the array had slots, causing a write past the end
of the array. This is one of five translationVectors[] OOB writes
across formats (Gaussian, MOPAC, MOPAC IN, MSI) reported in the
TALOS 2022 batch.
Impact
Open Babel is a C++ library and CLI used to read and write chemistry
file formats; it is shipped by Linux distributions and embedded in
services that may parse untrusted input. Triggering this vulnerability
requires the victim to open a malicious Gaussian output file with the
obabel tool, the OBConversion API, or any of the language
bindings (Python, Ruby, Java, R, Perl, C#, PHP).
Affected versions
All releases up to and including 3.1.1.
Patched version
3.2.0 (released 2026-05-26).
Patch
Fix commit: https://github.com/openbabel/openbabel/commit/40e85213
A minimized reproducer for this CVE is checked in under
test/files/fuzz_regress/ and is exercised on every CI build under
ASAN+UBSAN by the fuzzregresstest harness.
Credit
Reported by Cisco TALOS.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "openbabel"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.2.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-46291"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-01T17:51:06Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Summary\n\nA memory-safety vulnerability in Open Babel\u0027s Gaussian output parser\nallowed an out-of-bounds write into the `translationVectors[]` array\nwhen reading a crafted input file.\n\n### Details\n\nThe Gaussian reader stored periodic-cell translation vectors into a\nfixed-size `translationVectors[]` array. A malformed input could push\nmore vectors than the array had slots, causing a write past the end\nof the array. This is one of five `translationVectors[]` OOB writes\nacross formats (Gaussian, MOPAC, MOPAC IN, MSI) reported in the\nTALOS 2022 batch.\n\n### Impact\n\nOpen Babel is a C++ library and CLI used to read and write chemistry\nfile formats; it is shipped by Linux distributions and embedded in\nservices that may parse untrusted input. Triggering this vulnerability\nrequires the victim to open a malicious Gaussian output file with the\n`obabel` tool, the `OBConversion` API, or any of the language\nbindings (Python, Ruby, Java, R, Perl, C#, PHP).\n\n### Affected versions\n\nAll releases up to and including 3.1.1.\n\n### Patched version\n\n3.2.0 (released 2026-05-26).\n\n### Patch\n\nFix commit: https://github.com/openbabel/openbabel/commit/40e85213\n\nA minimized reproducer for this CVE is checked in under\n`test/files/fuzz_regress/` and is exercised on every CI build under\nASAN+UBSAN by the `fuzzregresstest` harness.\n\n### Credit\n\nReported by Cisco TALOS.",
"id": "GHSA-jg3h-pv7c-4f9c",
"modified": "2026-07-01T17:51:06Z",
"published": "2026-07-01T17:51:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openbabel/openbabel/security/advisories/GHSA-jg3h-pv7c-4f9c"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-46291"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openbabel/openbabel/commit/40e852138f21d586b7ccdce6329e7b23a87168bb"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/openbabel/openbabel"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2022-1666"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2022-1666"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Open Babel has out-of-bounds write in Gaussian translationVectors[]"
}
GHSA-JG58-5FHH-77R6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-18 15:30 – Updated: 2025-12-18 15:30There is an out of bounds write vulnerability in NI LabVIEW in mgocre_SH_25_3!RevBL() when parsing a corrupted VI file. This vulnerability may result in information disclosure or arbitrary code execution. Successful exploitation requires an attacker to get a user to open a specially crafted VI. This vulnerability affects NI LabVIEW 2025 Q3 (25.3) and prior versions.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-64461"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-18T15:15:58Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "There is an out of bounds write vulnerability in NI LabVIEW in mgocre_SH_25_3!RevBL() when parsing a corrupted VI file. This vulnerability may result in information disclosure or arbitrary code execution. Successful exploitation requires an attacker to get a user to open a specially crafted VI. This vulnerability affects NI LabVIEW 2025 Q3 (25.3) and prior versions.",
"id": "GHSA-jg58-5fhh-77r6",
"modified": "2025-12-18T15:30:44Z",
"published": "2025-12-18T15:30:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-64461"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ni.com/en/support/security/available-critical-and-security-updates-for-ni-software/multiple-memory-corruption-vulnerabilities-in-ni-labview.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-JG58-PVW7-8G35
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:39 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:39Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code or cause an affected device to restart unexpectedly. The vulnerabilities are due to improper validation of user-supplied input in the web-based management interface. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by sending crafted HTTP requests to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code as the root user on the underlying operating system or cause the device to reload, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition. To exploit these vulnerabilities, an attacker would need to have valid administrator credentials on the affected device. Cisco has not released software updates that address these vulnerabilities.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-1182"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-01-13T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple vulnerabilities in the web-based management interface of Cisco Small Business RV110W, RV130, RV130W, and RV215W Routers could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code or cause an affected device to restart unexpectedly. The vulnerabilities are due to improper validation of user-supplied input in the web-based management interface. An attacker could exploit these vulnerabilities by sending crafted HTTP requests to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code as the root user on the underlying operating system or cause the device to reload, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition. To exploit these vulnerabilities, an attacker would need to have valid administrator credentials on the affected device. Cisco has not released software updates that address these vulnerabilities.",
"id": "GHSA-jg58-pvw7-8g35",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:39:06Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:39:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1182"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-rv-overflow-WUnUgv4U"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.