Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-77
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.
5383 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2023-28425 (GCVE-0-2023-28425)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-03-20 19:03 – Updated: 2025-02-25 14:52
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Specially crafted MSETNX command can lead to denial-of-service
Summary
Redis is an in-memory database that persists on disk. Starting in version 7.0.8 and prior to version 7.0.10, authenticated users can use the MSETNX command to trigger a runtime assertion and termination of the Redis server process. The problem is fixed in Redis version 7.0.10.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/redis/redis/security/advisorie… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/redis/redis/commit/48e0d478843… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/redis/redis/releases/tag/7.0.10 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-2023041… |
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CVE-2023-28110 (GCVE-0-2023-28110)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-03-16 16:18 – Updated: 2025-02-25 14:55
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
JumpServer Koko vulnerable to Command Injection for Kubernetes Connection
Summary
Jumpserver is a popular open source bastion host, and Koko is a Jumpserver component that is the Go version of coco, refactoring coco's SSH/SFTP service and Web Terminal service. Prior to version 2.28.8, using illegal tokens to connect to a Kubernetes cluster through Koko can result in the execution of dangerous commands that may disrupt the Koko container environment and affect normal usage. The vulnerability has been fixed in v2.28.8.
Severity
5.7 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/jumpserver/jumpserver/security… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/jumpserver/jumpserver/releases… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| jumpserver | jumpserver |
Affected:
< 2.28.8
|
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CVE-2023-27581 (GCVE-0-2023-27581)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-03-13 20:19 – Updated: 2025-02-25 14:58
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
github-slug-action vulnerable to arbitrary code execution
Summary
github-slug-action is a GitHub Action to expose slug value of GitHub environment variables inside of one's GitHub workflow. Starting in version 4.0.0` and prior to version 4.4.1, this action uses the `github.head_ref` parameter in an insecure way. This vulnerability can be triggered by any user on GitHub on any workflow using the action on pull requests. They just need to create a pull request with a branch name, which can contain the attack payload. This can be used to execute code on the GitHub runners and to exfiltrate any secrets one uses in the CI pipeline. A patched action is available in version 4.4.1. No workaround is available.
Severity
8.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/rlespinasse/github-slug-action… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/rlespinasse/github-slug-action… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/rlespinasse/github-slug-action… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://securitylab.github.com/research/github-ac… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| rlespinasse | github-slug-action |
Affected:
>= 4.0.0, < 4.4.1
|
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CVE-2023-27407 (GCVE-0-2023-27407)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-05-09 11:51 – Updated: 2025-01-28 18:51
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
A vulnerability has been identified in SCALANCE LPE9403 (All versions < V2.1). The web based management of affected device does not properly validate user input, making it susceptible to command injection. This could allow an authenticated remote attacker to access the underlying operating system as the root user.
Severity
9.9 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Siemens | SCALANCE LPE9403 |
Affected:
All versions < V2.1
|
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CVE-2023-26430 (GCVE-0-2023-26430)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-08-02 12:22 – Updated: 2024-10-15 17:11
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
Attackers with access to user accounts can inject arbitrary control characters to SIEVE mail-filter rules. This could be abused to access SIEVE extension that are not allowed by App Suite or to inject rules which would break per-user filter processing, requiring manual cleanup of such rules. We have added sanitization to all mail-filter APIs to avoid forwardning control characters to subsystems. No publicly available exploits are known.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
4 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| OX Software GmbH | OX App Suite |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 7.10.6-rev42
(semver)
Affected: 0 , ≤ 8.10 (semver) |
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CVE-2023-26429 (GCVE-0-2023-26429)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-06-20 07:51 – Updated: 2024-08-02 11:46
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
Control characters were not removed when exporting user feedback content. This allowed attackers to include unexpected content via user feedback and potentially break the exported data structure. We now drop all control characters that are not whitespace character during the export. No publicly available exploits are known.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
4 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| OX Software GmbH | OX App Suite |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 7.10.6-rev39
(semver)
Affected: 0 , ≤ 8.10 (semver) |
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CVE-2023-25911 (GCVE-0-2023-25911)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-06-11 13:17 – Updated: 2025-01-09 07:56
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Authenticated OS Command Injection in Danfoss AK-EM100
Summary
The Danfoss AK-EM100 web applications allow for an authenticated user to perform OS command injection through the web application parameters.
Severity
9.9 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://csirt.divd.nl/CVE-2023-25911/ | third-party-advisory |
| https://csirt.divd.nl/DIVD-2023-00021/ | third-party-advisory |
| https://divd.nl/cves/CVE-2023-25911 | third-party-advisoryx_transferred |
| https://csirt.divd.nl/DIVD-2023-00021 | third-party-advisoryx_transferred |
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CVE-2023-25805 (GCVE-0-2023-25805)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-02-20 15:45 – Updated: 2025-03-10 21:07
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
versionn Command Injection Vulnerability
Summary
versionn, software for changing version information across multiple files, has a command injection vulnerability in all versions prior to version 1.1.0. This issue is patched in version 1.1.0.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/commenthol/versionn/security/a… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/commenthol/versionn/commit/2ca… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| commenthol | versionn |
Affected:
< 1.1.0
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CVE-2023-25649 (GCVE-0-2023-25649)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-08-25 09:37 – Updated: 2024-10-02 15:09
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
OS Command Injection Vulnerability in a Mobile Internet Product of ZTE
Summary
There is a command injection vulnerability in a mobile internet product of ZTE. Due to insufficient validation of SET_DEVICE_LED interface parameter, an authenticated attacker could use the vulnerability to execute arbitrary commands.
Severity
6.8 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZTE | MF286R |
Affected:
CR_LVWRGBMF286RV1.0.0B04
|
|
| zte | mf286r_firmware |
Affected:
cr_lvwrgbmf286rv1.0.0b04
cpe:2.3:o:zte:mf286r_firmware:cr_lvwrgbmf286rv1.0.0b04:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Date Public
2023-08-25 09:35
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CVE-2023-25643 (GCVE-0-2023-25643)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-12-14 07:19 – Updated: 2024-08-28 14:10
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Two Vulnerabilities in Some ZTE Mobile Internet Products
Summary
There is a command injection vulnerability in some ZTE mobile internet products. Due to insufficient input validation of multiple network parameters, an authenticated attacker could use the vulnerability to execute arbitrary commands.
Severity
8.4 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
Date Public
2023-08-24 07:09
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Mitigation
Architecture and Design
If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
Mitigation
Implementation
If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Operation
Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
Mitigation
System Configuration
Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
CAPEC-136: LDAP Injection
An attacker manipulates or crafts an LDAP query for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Some applications use user input to create LDAP queries that are processed by an LDAP server. For example, a user might provide their username during authentication and the username might be inserted in an LDAP query during the authentication process. An attacker could use this input to inject additional commands into an LDAP query that could disclose sensitive information. For example, entering a * in the aforementioned query might return information about all users on the system. This attack is very similar to an SQL injection attack in that it manipulates a query to gather additional information or coerce a particular return value.
CAPEC-15: Command Delimiters
An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that allows an attacker's commands to be concatenated onto a legitimate command with the intent of targeting other resources such as the file system or database. The system that uses a filter or denylist input validation, as opposed to allowlist validation is vulnerable to an attacker who predicts delimiters (or combinations of delimiters) not present in the filter or denylist. As with other injection attacks, the attacker uses the command delimiter payload as an entry point to tunnel through the application and activate additional attacks through SQL queries, shell commands, network scanning, and so on.
CAPEC-183: IMAP/SMTP Command Injection
An adversary exploits weaknesses in input validation on web-mail servers to execute commands on the IMAP/SMTP server. Web-mail servers often sit between the Internet and the IMAP or SMTP mail server. User requests are received by the web-mail servers which then query the back-end mail server for the requested information and return this response to the user. In an IMAP/SMTP command injection attack, mail-server commands are embedded in parts of the request sent to the web-mail server. If the web-mail server fails to adequately sanitize these requests, these commands are then sent to the back-end mail server when it is queried by the web-mail server, where the commands are then executed. This attack can be especially dangerous since administrators may assume that the back-end server is protected against direct Internet access and therefore may not secure it adequately against the execution of malicious commands.
CAPEC-248: Command Injection
An adversary looking to execute a command of their choosing, injects new items into an existing command thus modifying interpretation away from what was intended. Commands in this context are often standalone strings that are interpreted by a downstream component and cause specific responses. This type of attack is possible when untrusted values are used to build these command strings. Weaknesses in input validation or command construction can enable the attack and lead to successful exploitation.
CAPEC-40: Manipulating Writeable Terminal Devices
This attack exploits terminal devices that allow themselves to be written to by other users. The attacker sends command strings to the target terminal device hoping that the target user will hit enter and thereby execute the malicious command with their privileges. The attacker can send the results (such as copying /etc/passwd) to a known directory and collect once the attack has succeeded.
CAPEC-43: Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers
An attacker supplies the target software with input data that contains sequences of special characters designed to bypass input validation logic. This exploit relies on the target making multiples passes over the input data and processing a "layer" of special characters with each pass. In this manner, the attacker can disguise input that would otherwise be rejected as invalid by concealing it with layers of special/escape characters that are stripped off by subsequent processing steps. The goal is to first discover cases where the input validation layer executes before one or more parsing layers. That is, user input may go through the following logic in an application: <parser1> --> <input validator> --> <parser2>. In such cases, the attacker will need to provide input that will pass through the input validator, but after passing through parser2, will be converted into something that the input validator was supposed to stop.
CAPEC-75: Manipulating Writeable Configuration Files
Generally these are manually edited files that are not in the preview of the system administrators, any ability on the attackers' behalf to modify these files, for example in a CVS repository, gives unauthorized access directly to the application, the same as authorized users.
CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls
An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.