Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-639
Weakness AllowedAuthorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The system's authorization functionality does not prevent one user from gaining access to another user's data or record by modifying the key value identifying the data.
It is likely that an attacker would have to be an authenticated user in the system. However, the authorization process would not properly check the data access operation to ensure that the authenticated user performing the operation has sufficient entitlements to perform the requested data access, hence bypassing any other authorization checks present in the system.
For example, attackers can look at places where user specific data is retrieved (e.g. search screens) and determine whether the key for the item being looked up is controllable externally. The key may be a hidden field in the HTML form field, might be passed as a URL parameter or as an unencrypted cookie variable, then in each of these cases it will be possible to tamper with the key value.
Mapping guidance
This CWE entry is at the Base level of abstraction, which is a preferred level of abstraction for mapping to the root causes of vulnerabilities.
Carefully read both the name and description to ensure that this mapping is an appropriate fit. Do not try to 'force' a mapping to a lower-level Base/Variant simply to comply with this preferred level of abstraction.
Relationships and members
Modes of introduction
Architecture and Design
REALIZATION: This weakness is caused during implementation of an architectural security tactic.
Architecture and Design
Retrieval of a user record occurs in the system based on some key value that is under user control. The key would typically identify a user-related record stored in the system and would be used to lookup that record for presentation to the user.
Implementation
One manifestation of this weakness is when a system uses sequential or otherwise easily-guessable session IDs that would allow one user to easily switch to another user's session and read/modify their data.
Detection methods
Automated Static Analysis
Automated static analysis, commonly referred to as Static Application Security Testing (SAST), can find some instances of this weakness by analyzing source code (or binary/compiled code) without having to execute it. Typically, this is done by building a model of data flow and control flow, then searching for potentially-vulnerable patterns that connect "sources" (origins of input) with "sinks" (destinations where the data interacts with external components, a lower layer such as the OS, etc.)
Effectiveness: High
Notes
Maintenance
As of CWE 4.20, the relationship between IDOR and BOLA needs to be investigated more closely, including research into how these terms are used in the industry. The CWE team suspects that IDOR can be a part of BOLA, but BOLA expands on the weakness inherent to IDOR in that it is not only about objects that are being directly referenced.
Content history
Submission: Evgeny Lebanidze
· Cigital
· 2008-01-30
· CWE Draft 8
Contribution: Mateus Godinho Pantoja
· 2024-08-09
· CWE 4.20
Suggested corrections to use of IDOR versus BOLA
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2008-09-08
· CWE 1.0
updated Common_Consequences, Relationships, Type
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2008-10-14
· CWE 1.0.1
updated Description
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2009-03-10
· CWE 1.3
updated Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2009-05-27
· CWE 1.4
updated Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2009-10-29
· CWE 1.6
updated Common_Consequences
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2010-06-21
· CWE 1.9
updated Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2011-03-29
· CWE 1.12
updated Alternate_Terms, Applicable_Platforms, Description, Name, Potential_Mitigations, Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2011-06-01
· CWE 1.13
updated Common_Consequences, Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2012-05-11
· CWE 2.2
updated Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2013-02-21
· CWE 2.4
updated Alternate_Terms, Common_Consequences
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2013-07-17
· CWE 2.5
updated Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2014-07-30
· CWE 2.8
updated Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2017-11-08
· CWE 3.0
updated Description, Enabling_Factors_for_Exploitation, Modes_of_Introduction, Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2018-03-27
· CWE 3.1
updated Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2019-06-20
· CWE 3.3
updated Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2020-02-24
· CWE 4.0
updated Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2020-06-25
· CWE 4.1
updated Alternate_Terms
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2020-12-10
· CWE 4.3
updated Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2021-03-15
· CWE 4.4
updated Alternate_Terms
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2021-10-28
· CWE 4.6
updated Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2023-04-27
· CWE 4.11
updated Detection_Factors, Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2023-06-29
· CWE 4.12
updated Mapping_Notes
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2023-10-26
· CWE 4.13
updated Observed_Examples
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2024-02-29
· CWE 4.14
updated Demonstrative_Examples
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2025-12-11
· CWE 4.19
updated References, Relationships, Weakness_Ordinalities
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2026-04-30
· CWE 4.20
updated Alternate_Terms, Maintenance_Notes, References
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2026-10-28
· CWE 5.0
updated Description, Modes_of_Introduction, Time_of_Introduction
5739 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2024-1625 (GCVE-0-2024-1625)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-04-10 17:07 – Updated: 2025-01-30 13:09
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
IDOR Vulnerability in lunary-ai/lunary
Summary
An Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability exists in the lunary-ai/lunary application version 0.3.0, allowing unauthorized deletion of any organization's project. The vulnerability is due to insufficient authorization checks in the project deletion endpoint, where the endpoint fails to verify if the project ID provided in the request belongs to the requesting user's organization. As a result, an attacker can delete projects belonging to any organization by sending a crafted DELETE request with the target project's ID. This issue affects the project deletion functionality implemented in the projects.delete route.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-04-10 19:15 UTC
CWE
- CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
References
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| lunary-ai | lunary-ai/lunary |
Affected:
unspecified , < 1.0.1
(custom)
|
|
| lunary-ai | lunary |
Affected:
0 , < 1.0.1
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:lunary-ai:lunary:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2024-1604 (GCVE-0-2024-1604)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-03-18 09:59 – Updated: 2024-10-10 15:36
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Incorrect authorization in BMC Control-M
Summary
Improper authorization in the report management and creation module of BMC Control-M branches 9.0.20 and 9.0.21 allows logged-in users to read and make unauthorized changes to any reports available within the application, even without proper permissions. The attacker must know the unique identifier of the report they want to manipulate.
Fix for 9.0.20 branch was released in version 9.0.20.238. Fix for 9.0.21 branch was released in version 9.0.21.201.
Severity
6.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-08-21 20:14 UTC
CWE
- CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://cert.pl/posts/2024/03/CVE-2024-1604 | third-party-advisory |
| https://cert.pl/en/posts/2024/03/CVE-2024-1604 | third-party-advisory |
| https://www.bmc.com/it-solutions/control-m.html | product |
Impacted products
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CVE-2024-1470 (GCVE-0-2024-1470)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-02-20 16:10 – Updated: 2024-08-01 18:40
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Elevation of Privilege attack on NetIQ Client login extension
Summary
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in NetIQ (OpenText) Client Login Extension on Windows allows Privilege Escalation, Code Injection.This issue
only
affects NetIQ Client Login Extension: 4.6.
Severity
7.1 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-02-29 21:00 UTC
CWE
- CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| OpenText | NetIQ Client Login Extension |
Affected:
4.6
|
|
| opentext | netiq_client_login_extension |
Affected:
4.6
cpe:2.3:a:opentext:netiq_client_login_extension:4.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2024-1313 (GCVE-0-2024-1313)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-03-26 17:24 – Updated: 2025-02-13 17:27
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Users outside an organization can delete a snapshot with its key
Summary
It is possible for a user in a different organization from the owner of a snapshot to bypass authorization and delete a snapshot by issuing a DELETE request to /api/snapshots/<key> using its view key. This functionality is intended to only be available to individuals with the permission to write/edit to the snapshot in question, but due to a bug in the authorization logic, deletion requests issued by an unprivileged user in a different organization than the snapshot owner are treated as authorized.
Grafana Labs would like to thank Ravid Mazon and Jay Chen of Palo
Alto Research for discovering and disclosing this vulnerability.
This issue affects Grafana: from 9.5.0 before 9.5.18, from 10.0.0 before 10.0.13, from 10.1.0 before 10.1.9, from 10.2.0 before 10.2.6, from 10.3.0 before 10.3.5.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-06-10 20:46 UTC
CWE
- CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
References
Impacted products
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CVE-2024-1107 (GCVE-0-2024-1107)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-06-27 13:01 – Updated: 2026-06-03 14:29
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
IDOR in Talya Informatics' Travel APPS
Summary
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in Talya Informatics Travel APPS allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.
This issue affects Travel APPS: before v17.0.68.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-06-27 18:12 UTC
CWE
- CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.usom.gov.tr/bildirim/tr-24-0809 | government-resourcebroken-link |
| https://siberguvenlik.gov.tr/guvenlik-bildirimler… | government-resource |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Talya Informatics | Travel APPS |
Affected:
0 , < v17.0.68
(custom)
|
|
| talya_informatics | travel_apps |
Affected:
0 , < 17.0.68
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cpe:2.3:a:talya_informatics:travel_apps:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2024-1075 (GCVE-0-2024-1075)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-02-05 21:21 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:01
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Minimal Coming Soon – Coming Soon Page <= 2.37 - Unauthenticated Maintenance Mode Bypass
Summary
The Minimal Coming Soon – Coming Soon Page plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to maintenance mode bypass and information disclosure in all versions up to, and including, 2.37. This is due to the plugin improperly validating the request path. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to bypass maintenance mode and view pages that should be hidden.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-02-06 16:10 UTC
CWE
- CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| webfactory | Minimal Coming Soon – Coming Soon Page |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2.37
(semver)
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CVE-2024-0872 (GCVE-0-2024-0872)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-04-09 18:59 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:14
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Watu Quiz <= 3.4.1 - Sensitive Information Disclosure
Summary
The Watu Quiz plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Sensitive Information Exposure in all versions up to, and including, 3.4.1 via the watu-userinfo shortcode. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with contributor-level access and above, to extract sensitive user meta data which can include session tokens and user emails.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-04-11 17:12 UTC
CWE
- CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
References
Impacted products
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CVE-2024-0839 (GCVE-0-2024-0839)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-03-13 15:26 – Updated: 2026-04-08 16:40
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
FeedWordPress <= 2022.0222 - Insecure Direct Object Referece
Summary
The FeedWordPress plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference in all versions up to, and including, 2022.0222 due to missing validation on the user controlled 'guid' key. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to view draft posts that may contain sensitive information.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-08-28 16:12 UTC
CWE
- CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
References
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| radgeek | FeedWordPress |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2022.0222
(semver)
|
|
| feedwordpress_project | feedwordpress |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2022.0222
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:feedwordpress_project:feedwordpress:*:*:*:*:*:wordpress:*:* |
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CVE-2024-0580 (GCVE-0-2024-0580)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-01-18 08:47 – Updated: 2025-06-02 15:04
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Omission of key-controlled authorization in Qsige
Summary
Omission of user-controlled key authorization in the IDMSistemas platform, affecting the QSige product. This vulnerability allows an attacker to extract sensitive information from the API by making a request to the parameter '/qsige.locator/quotePrevious/centers/X', where X supports values 1,2,3, etc.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-05-08 19:09 UTC
CWE
- CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| IDMSistemas | Sinergia, Sinergia 2.0, and Sinergia Corporativo |
Affected:
2.0
|
Date Public
2024-01-16 11:00
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CVE-2024-0264 (GCVE-0-2024-0264)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-01-07 04:31 – Updated: 2025-06-03 14:40
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
SourceCodester Clinic Queuing System LoginRegistration.php authorization
Summary
A vulnerability was found in SourceCodester Clinic Queuing System 1.0. It has been declared as critical. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /LoginRegistration.php. The manipulation of the argument formToken leads to authorization bypass. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-249820.
Severity
7.3 (High)
7.3 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-05-08 18:37 UTC
CWE
- CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.249820 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.249820 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://github.com/jmrcsnchz/ClinicQueueingSystem_RCE/ | related |
| https://github.com/jmrcsnchz/ClinicQueueingSystem… | exploit |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| SourceCodester | Clinic Queuing System |
Affected:
1.0
|
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Mitigation
Architecture and Design
For each and every data access, ensure that the user has sufficient privilege to access the record that is being requested.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Implementation
Make sure that the key that is used in the lookup of a specific user's record is not controllable externally by the user or that any tampering can be detected.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Use encryption in order to make it more difficult to guess other legitimate values of the key or associate a digital signature with the key so that the server can verify that there has been no tampering.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.