Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-639

Weakness Allowed

Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key

Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete

API response cwe.mitre.org

The system's authorization functionality does not prevent one user from gaining access to another user's data or record by modifying the key value identifying the data.

It is likely that an attacker would have to be an authenticated user in the system. However, the authorization process would not properly check the data access operation to ensure that the authenticated user performing the operation has sufficient entitlements to perform the requested data access, hence bypassing any other authorization checks present in the system.

For example, attackers can look at places where user specific data is retrieved (e.g. search screens) and determine whether the key for the item being looked up is controllable externally. The key may be a hidden field in the HTML form field, might be passed as a URL parameter or as an unencrypted cookie variable, then in each of these cases it will be possible to tamper with the key value.

Mapping guidance

This CWE entry is at the Base level of abstraction, which is a preferred level of abstraction for mapping to the root causes of vulnerabilities.

Carefully read both the name and description to ensure that this mapping is an appropriate fit. Do not try to 'force' a mapping to a lower-level Base/Variant simply to comply with this preferred level of abstraction.

Relationships and members
ChildOf: CWE-863 · View CWE-1000
ChildOf: CWE-863 · View CWE-1003
ChildOf: CWE-284 · View CWE-1340
Modes of introduction
Architecture and Design

REALIZATION: This weakness is caused during implementation of an architectural security tactic.

Architecture and Design

Retrieval of a user record occurs in the system based on some key value that is under user control. The key would typically identify a user-related record stored in the system and would be used to lookup that record for presentation to the user.

Implementation

One manifestation of this weakness is when a system uses sequential or otherwise easily-guessable session IDs that would allow one user to easily switch to another user's session and read/modify their data.

Detection methods

Automated Static Analysis

Automated static analysis, commonly referred to as Static Application Security Testing (SAST), can find some instances of this weakness by analyzing source code (or binary/compiled code) without having to execute it. Typically, this is done by building a model of data flow and control flow, then searching for potentially-vulnerable patterns that connect "sources" (origins of input) with "sinks" (destinations where the data interacts with external components, a lower layer such as the OS, etc.)

Effectiveness: High

Notes

Maintenance

As of CWE 4.20, the relationship between IDOR and BOLA needs to be investigated more closely, including research into how these terms are used in the industry. The CWE team suspects that IDOR can be a part of BOLA, but BOLA expands on the weakness inherent to IDOR in that it is not only about objects that are being directly referenced.

Content history
Submission: Evgeny Lebanidze · Cigital · 2008-01-30 · CWE Draft 8
Contribution: Mateus Godinho Pantoja · 2024-08-09 · CWE 4.20

Suggested corrections to use of IDOR versus BOLA

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2008-09-08 · CWE 1.0

updated Common_Consequences, Relationships, Type

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2008-10-14 · CWE 1.0.1

updated Description

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2009-03-10 · CWE 1.3

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2009-05-27 · CWE 1.4

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2009-10-29 · CWE 1.6

updated Common_Consequences

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2010-06-21 · CWE 1.9

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2011-03-29 · CWE 1.12

updated Alternate_Terms, Applicable_Platforms, Description, Name, Potential_Mitigations, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2011-06-01 · CWE 1.13

updated Common_Consequences, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2012-05-11 · CWE 2.2

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2013-02-21 · CWE 2.4

updated Alternate_Terms, Common_Consequences

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2013-07-17 · CWE 2.5

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2014-07-30 · CWE 2.8

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2017-11-08 · CWE 3.0

updated Description, Enabling_Factors_for_Exploitation, Modes_of_Introduction, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2018-03-27 · CWE 3.1

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2019-06-20 · CWE 3.3

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2020-02-24 · CWE 4.0

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2020-06-25 · CWE 4.1

updated Alternate_Terms

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2020-12-10 · CWE 4.3

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2021-03-15 · CWE 4.4

updated Alternate_Terms

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2021-10-28 · CWE 4.6

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2023-04-27 · CWE 4.11

updated Detection_Factors, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2023-06-29 · CWE 4.12

updated Mapping_Notes

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2023-10-26 · CWE 4.13

updated Observed_Examples

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2024-02-29 · CWE 4.14

updated Demonstrative_Examples

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2025-12-11 · CWE 4.19

updated References, Relationships, Weakness_Ordinalities

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2026-04-30 · CWE 4.20

updated Alternate_Terms, Maintenance_Notes, References

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2026-10-28 · CWE 5.0

updated Description, Modes_of_Introduction, Time_of_Introduction

5739 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2024-13841 (GCVE-0-2024-13841)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-07 06:59 – Updated: 2026-04-08 16:57
VLAI
Title
Builder Shortcode Extras – WordPress Shortcodes Collection to Save You Time <= 1.0.0 - Authenticated (Contributor+) Post Disclosure
Summary
The Builder Shortcode Extras – WordPress Shortcodes Collection to Save You Time plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Information Exposure in all versions up to, and including, 1.0.0 via the 'bse-elementor-template' shortcode due to insufficient restrictions on which posts can be included. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Contributor-level access and above, to extract data from private and draft posts created with Elementor that they should not have access to.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-02-07 15:57 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
Wordfence CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 65/100 over 2453 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Credits
Francesco Carlucci
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2024-13832 (GCVE-0-2024-13832)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-28 08:23 – Updated: 2026-04-08 16:49
VLAI
Title
Ultra Addons Lite for Elementor <= 1.1.8 - Authenticated (Contributor+) Restricted Post Disclosure
Summary
The Ultra Addons Lite for Elementor plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Information Exposure in all versions up to, and including, 1.1.8 via the 'ut_elementor' shortcode due to insufficient restrictions on which posts can be included. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Contributor-level access and above, to extract data from password protected, private, or draft posts that they should not have access to.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-02-28 13:46 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
Wordfence CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 65/100 over 2453 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
ultrapressorg Ultra Addons Lite for Elementor Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.1.8 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Francesco Carlucci
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2024-13740 (GCVE-0-2024-13740)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-18 02:06 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:20
VLAI
Title
ProfileGrid – User Profiles, Groups and Communities <= 5.9.4.2 - Insecure Direct Object Reference to Authenticated (Subscriber+) Private Messages Disclosure
Summary
The ProfileGrid – User Profiles, Groups and Communities plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference in all versions up to, and including, 5.9.4.2 via the pm_messenger_show_messages function due to missing validation on a user controlled key. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to read private conversations of other users.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-02-18 15:08 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
Wordfence CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 65/100 over 2453 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Credits
Tim Coen
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2024-13607 (GCVE-0-2024-13607)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-04 06:41 – Updated: 2026-04-08 16:48
VLAI
Title
JS Help Desk – The Ultimate Help Desk & Support Plugin <= 2.8.8 - Authenticated (Subscriber+) Insecure Direct Object Reference
Summary
The JS Help Desk – The Ultimate Help Desk & Support Plugin plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference in all versions up to, and including, 2.8.8 via the 'exportusereraserequest' due to missing validation on a user controlled key. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level permissions and above, to export ticket data for any user.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-02-04 15:43 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
Wordfence CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 65/100 over 2453 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Credits
Tim Coen
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2024-13601 (GCVE-0-2024-13601)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-12 05:28 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:31
VLAI
Title
Majestic Support – The Leading-Edge Help Desk & Customer Support Plugin <= 1.0.5 - Authenticated (Subscriber+) Insecure Direct Object Reference
Summary
The Majestic Support – The Leading-Edge Help Desk & Customer Support Plugin plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference in all versions up to, and including, 1.0.5 via the 'exportusereraserequest' function due to missing validation on a user controlled key. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to export ticket data for any user.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-02-12 14:51 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
Wordfence CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 65/100 over 2453 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Credits
Tim Coen
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2024-13558 (GCVE-0-2024-13558)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-20 11:11 – Updated: 2026-04-08 16:54
VLAI
Title
NP Quote Request for WooCommerce <= 1.9.179 - Insecure Direct Object Reference to Unauthenticated Sensitive Information Disclosure
Summary
The NP Quote Request for WooCommerce plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference in all versions up to, and including, 1.9.179 due to missing validation on a user controlled key. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to read the content of quote requests.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-03-20 13:22 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
Wordfence CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 65/100 over 2453 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
gplsaver NP Quote Request for WooCommerce Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.9.179 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Tim Coen
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2024-13429 (GCVE-0-2024-13429)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-01 07:21 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:11
VLAI
Title
WP Job Portal <= 2.2.6 - Insecure Direct Object Reference to Authenticated (Employer+) Arbitrary Job Deletion
Summary
The WP Job Portal – A Complete Recruitment System for Company or Job Board website plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference in all versions up to, and including, 2.2.6 via the 'jobenforcedelete' due to missing validation on a user controlled key. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with employer-level access and above, to delete arbitrary
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-02-03 16:07 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
Wordfence CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 65/100 over 2453 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Credits
Tran Van Nhan
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2024-13428 (GCVE-0-2024-13428)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-01 07:21 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:13
VLAI
Title
WP Job Portal <= 2.2.6 - Insecure Direct Object Reference to Unauthenticated Company Logo Deletion
Summary
The WP Job Portal – A Complete Recruitment System for Company or Job Board website plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference in all versions up to, and including, 2.2.6 via the deleteCompanyLogo() due to missing validation on a user controlled key. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to delete arbitrary company logos.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-02-03 16:24 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
Wordfence CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 65/100 over 2453 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Credits
Tran Van Nhan
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2024-13425 (GCVE-0-2024-13425)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-01 07:21 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:12
VLAI
Title
WP Job Portal <= 2.2.6 - Insecure Direct Object Reference to Authenticated (Employer+) Arbitrary Company Deletion
Summary
The WP Job Portal – A Complete Recruitment System for Company or Job Board website plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference in all versions up to, and including, 2.2.6 via the enforcedelete() function due to missing validation on a user controlled key. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Employer-level access and above, to delete other users companies.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-02-03 16:07 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
Wordfence CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 65/100 over 2453 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Credits
Tran Van Nhan
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2024-13407 (GCVE-0-2024-13407)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-14 07:23 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:34
VLAI
Title
Omnipress <= 1.5.4 - Authenticated (Contributor+) Post Disclosure
Summary
The Omnipress plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Information Exposure in all versions up to, and including, 1.5.4 via the megamenu block due to insufficient restrictions on which posts can be included. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Contributor-level access and above, to extract data from password protected, private, or draft posts that they should not have access to.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-03-14 13:17 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
Wordfence CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 65/100 over 2453 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
omnipressteam Omnipress Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.5.4 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Nirmal
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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Mitigation
Architecture and Design

For each and every data access, ensure that the user has sufficient privilege to access the record that is being requested.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design Implementation

Make sure that the key that is used in the lookup of a specific user's record is not controllable externally by the user or that any tampering can be detected.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use encryption in order to make it more difficult to guess other legitimate values of the key or associate a digital signature with the key so that the server can verify that there has been no tampering.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.

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