CWE-601
AllowedURL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The web application accepts a user-controlled input that specifies a link to an external site, and uses that link in a redirect.
2310 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-QHFC-4CCC-96WG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:48 – Updated: 2022-07-30 00:00Insufficient policy enforcement in service workers in Google Chrome prior to 74.0.3729.108 allowed a remote attacker to bypass navigation restrictions via a crafted HTML page.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-5823"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-06-27T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Insufficient policy enforcement in service workers in Google Chrome prior to 74.0.3729.108 allowed a remote attacker to bypass navigation restrictions via a crafted HTML page.",
"id": "GHSA-qhfc-4ccc-96wg",
"modified": "2022-07-30T00:00:24Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:48:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-5823"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2019/04/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_23.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://crbug.com/930154"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/CPM7VPE27DUNJLXM4F5PAAEFFWOEND6X"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://seclists.org/bugtraq/2019/Aug/19"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201908-18"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2019/dsa-4500"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-06/msg00085.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QHJ7-CVPP-4WM8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-17 18:35 – Updated: 2026-06-17 18:35Vulnerability in the WebLogic Server product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: Console). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.1.4.0 and 14.1.1.0.0. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise WebLogic Server. Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker and while the vulnerability is in WebLogic Server, attacks may significantly impact additional products (scope change). Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of WebLogic Server. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 8.3 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-35302"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-17T10:40:22Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the WebLogic Server product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: Console). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.1.4.0 and 14.1.1.0.0. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise WebLogic Server. Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker and while the vulnerability is in WebLogic Server, attacks may significantly impact additional products (scope change). Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of WebLogic Server. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 8.3 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).",
"id": "GHSA-qhj7-cvpp-4wm8",
"modified": "2026-06-17T18:35:24Z",
"published": "2026-06-17T18:35:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-35302"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cspujun2026.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QHMC-HGM8-7H94
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-07-02 00:00 – Updated: 2022-07-14 00:00An open redirect vulnerability in GitLab EE/CE affecting all versions from 11.1 prior to 14.10.5, 15.0 prior to 15.0.4, and 15.1 prior to 15.1.1, allows an attacker to redirect users to an arbitrary location if they trust the URL.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-2250"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-07-01T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An open redirect vulnerability in GitLab EE/CE affecting all versions from 11.1 prior to 14.10.5, 15.0 prior to 15.0.4, and 15.1 prior to 15.1.1, allows an attacker to redirect users to an arbitrary location if they trust the URL.",
"id": "GHSA-qhmc-hgm8-7h94",
"modified": "2022-07-14T00:00:17Z",
"published": "2022-07-02T00:00:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-2250"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/1506126"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/cves/-/blob/master/2022/CVE-2022-2250.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/355509"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QHWM-JG9V-RW55
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-27 12:30 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:34URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in Bit Apps Bit Form – Contact Form Plugin allows Phishing. This issue affects Bit Form – Contact Form Plugin: from n/a through 2.18.0.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-30885"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-03-27T11:15:49Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "URL Redirection to Untrusted Site (\u0027Open Redirect\u0027) vulnerability in Bit Apps Bit Form \u2013 Contact Form Plugin allows Phishing. This issue affects Bit Form \u2013 Contact Form Plugin: from n/a through 2.18.0.",
"id": "GHSA-qhwm-jg9v-rw55",
"modified": "2026-04-01T18:34:08Z",
"published": "2025-03-27T12:30:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-30885"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/bit-form/vulnerability/wordpress-bit-form-plugin-2-18-0-open-redirection-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QJ29-8VRC-6M34
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-05 09:30 – Updated: 2023-06-05 09:30A vulnerability classified as problematic has been found in WooFramework Branding Plugin up to 1.0.1 on WordPress. Affected is the function admin_screen_logic of the file wooframework-branding.php. The manipulation of the argument url leads to open redirect. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. Upgrading to version 1.0.2 is able to address this issue. The name of the patch is f12fccd7b5eaf66442346f748c901ef504742f78. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-230652.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2015-10112"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-06-05T08:15:09Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability classified as problematic has been found in WooFramework Branding Plugin up to 1.0.1 on WordPress. Affected is the function admin_screen_logic of the file wooframework-branding.php. The manipulation of the argument url leads to open redirect. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. Upgrading to version 1.0.2 is able to address this issue. The name of the patch is f12fccd7b5eaf66442346f748c901ef504742f78. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-230652.",
"id": "GHSA-qj29-8vrc-6m34",
"modified": "2023-06-05T09:30:18Z",
"published": "2023-06-05T09:30:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-10112"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/wp-plugins/wooframework-branding/commit/f12fccd7b5eaf66442346f748c901ef504742f78"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.230652"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.230652"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QJJ8-RGHQ-CX4F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:46 – Updated: 2024-08-21 15:30An Improper Input Validation issue was discovered in GitLab Community and Enterprise Edition before 11.5.8, 11.6.x before 11.6.6, and 11.7.x before 11.7.1. It was possible to use the profile name to inject a potentially malicious link into notification emails.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-6781"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-05-17T16:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An Improper Input Validation issue was discovered in GitLab Community and Enterprise Edition before 11.5.8, 11.6.x before 11.6.6, and 11.7.x before 11.7.1. It was possible to use the profile name to inject a potentially malicious link into notification emails.",
"id": "GHSA-qjj8-rghq-cx4f",
"modified": "2024-08-21T15:30:48Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:46:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-6781"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://about.gitlab.com/2019/01/31/security-release-gitlab-11-dot-7-dot-3-released"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://about.gitlab.com/blog/categories/releases"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/issues/22076"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QJJC-3P8Q-PJQ2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-12-30 21:30 – Updated: 2024-01-10 00:30Brave Browser before 1.59.40 does not properly restrict the schema for WebUI factory and redirect. This is related to browser/brave_content_browser_client.cc and browser/ui/webui/brave_web_ui_controller_factory.cc.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-52263"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-12-30T19:15:08Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Brave Browser before 1.59.40 does not properly restrict the schema for WebUI factory and redirect. This is related to browser/brave_content_browser_client.cc and browser/ui/webui/brave_web_ui_controller_factory.cc.",
"id": "GHSA-qjjc-3p8q-pjq2",
"modified": "2024-01-10T00:30:21Z",
"published": "2023-12-30T21:30:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-52263"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/brave/brave-browser/issues/32449"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/brave/brave-browser/issues/32473"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/brave/brave-core/pull/19820"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/brave/brave-core/pull/19820/commits/9da202f7f4bc80b6975909b684bbc0764a31c4e9"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QJVV-485H-MP82
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-11-02 00:30 – Updated: 2023-11-09 03:30Online Examination System v1.0 is vulnerable to multiple Open Redirect vulnerabilities. The 'q' parameter of the admin.php resource allows an attacker to redirect a victim user to an arbitrary web site using a crafted URL.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-45201"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-11-01T22:15:08Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Online Examination System v1.0 is vulnerable to multiple Open Redirect vulnerabilities.\u00a0The \u0027q\u0027 parameter of the admin.php resource allows an attacker to redirect a victim user to an arbitrary web site using a crafted URL.\n\n",
"id": "GHSA-qjvv-485h-mp82",
"modified": "2023-11-09T03:30:19Z",
"published": "2023-11-02T00:30:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-45201"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://fluidattacks.com/advisories/uchida"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://projectworlds.in"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QM7H-4CGG-4M78
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-11-09 12:00 – Updated: 2022-11-09 19:02SAP Biller Direct allows an unauthenticated attacker to craft a legitimate looking URL. When clicked by an unsuspecting victim, it will use an unsensitized parameter to redirect the victim to a malicious site of the attacker's choosing which can result in disclosure or modification of the victim's information.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-41207"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-11-08T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "SAP Biller Direct allows an unauthenticated attacker to craft a legitimate looking URL. When clicked by an unsuspecting victim, it will use an unsensitized parameter to redirect the victim to a malicious site of the attacker\u0027s choosing which can result in disclosure or modification of the victim\u0027s information.",
"id": "GHSA-qm7h-4cgg-4m78",
"modified": "2022-11-09T19:02:24Z",
"published": "2022-11-09T12:00:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-41207"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://launchpad.support.sap.com/#/notes/3238042"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.sap.com/documents/2022/02/fa865ea4-167e-0010-bca6-c68f7e60039b.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QMM9-X5GR-4GFM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2018-07-18 21:20 – Updated: 2023-01-31 01:42Versions of hekto before 0.2.4 are vulnerable to open redirect when a domain name is used as part of the .html filename.
Recommendation
Update to version 0.2.4 or later.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "hekto"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.2.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-3743"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2020-06-16T21:52:21Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2018-06-01T17:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Versions of `hekto` before 0.2.4 are vulnerable to open redirect when a domain name is used as part of the `.html` filename.\n\n\n## Recommendation\n\nUpdate to version 0.2.4 or later.",
"id": "GHSA-qmm9-x5gr-4gfm",
"modified": "2023-01-31T01:42:14Z",
"published": "2018-07-18T21:20:12Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-3743"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/herber/hekto/pull/3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/herber/hekto/commit/1e5c75f8259ba0daf9b2600db3c246cda1934c46"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/320693"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-qmm9-x5gr-4gfm"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.npmjs.com/advisories/669"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Open Redirect in hekto"
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- Use a list of approved URLs or domains to be used for redirection.
Mitigation
Use an intermediate disclaimer page that provides the user with a clear warning that they are leaving the current site. Implement a long timeout before the redirect occurs, or force the user to click on the link. Be careful to avoid XSS problems (CWE-79) when generating the disclaimer page.
Mitigation MIT-21.2
Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion
- When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
- For example, ID 1 could map to "/login.asp" and ID 2 could map to "http://www.example.com/". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-45] provide this capability.
Mitigation
Ensure that no externally-supplied requests are honored by requiring that all redirect requests include a unique nonce generated by the application [REF-483]. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330).
Mitigation MIT-6
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
- Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
- Many open redirect problems occur because the programmer assumed that certain inputs could not be modified, such as cookies and hidden form fields.
Mitigation MIT-29
Strategy: Firewall
Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
CAPEC-178: Cross-Site Flashing
An attacker is able to trick the victim into executing a Flash document that passes commands or calls to a Flash player browser plugin, allowing the attacker to exploit native Flash functionality in the client browser. This attack pattern occurs where an attacker can provide a crafted link to a Flash document (SWF file) which, when followed, will cause additional malicious instructions to be executed. The attacker does not need to serve or control the Flash document. The attack takes advantage of the fact that Flash files can reference external URLs. If variables that serve as URLs that the Flash application references can be controlled through parameters, then by creating a link that includes values for those parameters, an attacker can cause arbitrary content to be referenced and possibly executed by the targeted Flash application.