CWE-601
AllowedURL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The web application accepts a user-controlled input that specifies a link to an external site, and uses that link in a redirect.
2306 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-QWG3-2X2M-XW4G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:05 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:05Advantech WebAccess/SCADA Versions 9.0.1 and prior is vulnerable to redirection, which may allow an attacker to send a maliciously crafted URL that could result in redirecting a user to a malicious webpage.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-32956"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-06-18T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Advantech WebAccess/SCADA Versions 9.0.1 and prior is vulnerable to redirection, which may allow an attacker to send a maliciously crafted URL that could result in redirecting a user to a malicious webpage.",
"id": "GHSA-qwg3-2x2m-xw4g",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:05:38Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:05:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-32956"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-21-168-03"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-QXRV-GQVH-97CR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-27 15:30 – Updated: 2023-02-08 00:30An issue was discovered in NetScout nGeniusONE 6.3.2 build 904. Open Redirection can occur (issue 2 of 2). After successful login, an attacker must visit the vulnerable parameter and inject a crafted payload to successfully redirect to an unknown host. The attack vector is Network, and the Attack Complexity required is High. Privileges required are administrator, User Interaction is required, and Scope is unchanged. The user must visit the vulnerable parameter and inject a crafted payload to successfully redirect to an unknown host.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-44718"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-27T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in NetScout nGeniusONE 6.3.2 build 904. Open Redirection can occur (issue 2 of 2). After successful login, an attacker must visit the vulnerable parameter and inject a crafted payload to successfully redirect to an unknown host. The attack vector is Network, and the Attack Complexity required is High. Privileges required are administrator, User Interaction is required, and Scope is unchanged. The user must visit the vulnerable parameter and inject a crafted payload to successfully redirect to an unknown host.",
"id": "GHSA-qxrv-gqvh-97cr",
"modified": "2023-02-08T00:30:35Z",
"published": "2023-01-27T15:30:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-44718"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.netscout.com/securityadvisories"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R24F-5X7X-CFP5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-27 21:30 – Updated: 2025-01-28 21:31An issue in Shanghai Shizhi Information Technology Co., Ltd Shihuo iOS 8.16.0 allows attackers to access sensitive user information via supplying a crafted link.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-56965"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-27T19:15:17Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue in Shanghai Shizhi Information Technology Co., Ltd Shihuo iOS 8.16.0 allows attackers to access sensitive user information via supplying a crafted link.",
"id": "GHSA-r24f-5x7x-cfp5",
"modified": "2025-01-28T21:31:02Z",
"published": "2025-01-27T21:30:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-56965"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ZhouZiyi1/Vuls/blob/main/241230-Shihuo/241230-Shihuo.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R26V-98QJ-48Q9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-26 18:31 – Updated: 2025-07-10 17:46A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, has been found in Xuxueli xxl-sso 1.1.0. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /xxl-sso-server/doLogin. The manipulation of the argument redirect_url leads to open redirect. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "com.xuxueli:xxl-sso"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "1.1.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-6701"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-07-10T17:46:54Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2025-06-26T16:15:36Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, has been found in Xuxueli xxl-sso 1.1.0. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /xxl-sso-server/doLogin. The manipulation of the argument redirect_url leads to open redirect. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-r26v-98qj-48q9",
"modified": "2025-07-10T17:46:54Z",
"published": "2025-06-26T18:31:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-6701"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ShenxiuSec/cve-proofs/blob/main/POC-20250616-02.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/xuxueli/xxl-sso"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.313967"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.313967"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.597472"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "XXL SSO is vulnerable to an Open Redirect through malicious manipulation of the redirect_url argument "
}
GHSA-R27C-C98M-6X4Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:08 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:08Symantec Advanced Secure Gateway (ASG) 6.6, ASG 6.7 prior to 6.7.2.1, ProxySG 6.5 prior to 6.5.10.6, ProxySG 6.6, and ProxySG 6.7 prior to 6.7.2.1 are susceptible to an open redirection vulnerability. A remote attacker can use a crafted management console URL in a phishing attack to redirect the target user to a malicious web site.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-9099"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-05-11T14:30:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Symantec Advanced Secure Gateway (ASG) 6.6, ASG 6.7 prior to 6.7.2.1, ProxySG 6.5 prior to 6.5.10.6, ProxySG 6.6, and ProxySG 6.7 prior to 6.7.2.1 are susceptible to an open redirection vulnerability. A remote attacker can use a crafted management console URL in a phishing attack to redirect the target user to a malicious web site.",
"id": "GHSA-r27c-c98m-6x4q",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:08:52Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:08:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-9099"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.symantec.com/security-center/network-protection-security-advisories/SA155"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/102455"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1040138"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R297-VFJR-R2JV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-10 06:30 – Updated: 2026-02-10 06:30SAP TAF_APPLAUNCHER within Business Server Pages allows unauthenticated attacker to craft malicious links that, when clicked by a victim, redirect them to attacker?controlled sites, potentially exposing or altering sensitive information in the victim�s browser. This results in a low impact on confidentiality and integrity, with no impact on the availability of the application.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-24328"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-10T04:16:05Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "SAP TAF_APPLAUNCHER within Business Server Pages allows unauthenticated attacker to craft malicious links that, when clicked by a victim, redirect them to attacker?controlled sites, potentially exposing or altering sensitive information in the victim\ufffds browser. This results in a low impact on confidentiality and integrity, with no impact on the availability of the application.",
"id": "GHSA-r297-vfjr-r2jv",
"modified": "2026-02-10T06:30:39Z",
"published": "2026-02-10T06:30:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-24328"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://me.sap.com/notes/3688319"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://url.sap/sapsecuritypatchday"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R2C4-W9MV-HXCF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-28 15:30 – Updated: 2024-03-28 15:30In JetBrains TeamCity before 2024.03 open redirect was possible on the login page
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-31135"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-28T15:15:47Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In JetBrains TeamCity before 2024.03 open redirect was possible on the login page",
"id": "GHSA-r2c4-w9mv-hxcf",
"modified": "2024-03-28T15:30:34Z",
"published": "2024-03-28T15:30:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-31135"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.jetbrains.com/privacy-security/issues-fixed"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R2F3-79XH-VXG9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:42 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:42Askey RTF8115VW BR_SV_g11.11_RTF_TEF001_V6.54_V014 devices allow injection of a Host HTTP header.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-27404"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-02-19T04:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Askey RTF8115VW BR_SV_g11.11_RTF_TEF001_V6.54_V014 devices allow injection of a Host HTTP header.",
"id": "GHSA-r2f3-79xh-vxg9",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:42:42Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:42:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27404"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/bokanrb/HostHeaderInjection-Askey"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-R2F7-W5VX-9JGX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-10 15:30 – Updated: 2025-08-10 15:30A vulnerability has been found in atjiu pybbs up to 6.0.0 and classified as problematic. This vulnerability affects the function changeLanguage of the file src/main/java/co/yiiu/pybbs/controller/front/IndexController.java. The manipulation of the argument referer leads to open redirect. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The patch is identified as edb14ff13e9e05394960ba46c3d31d844ff2deac. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-8813"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-10T15:15:25Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been found in atjiu pybbs up to 6.0.0 and classified as problematic. This vulnerability affects the function changeLanguage of the file src/main/java/co/yiiu/pybbs/controller/front/IndexController.java. The manipulation of the argument referer leads to open redirect. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The patch is identified as edb14ff13e9e05394960ba46c3d31d844ff2deac. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue.",
"id": "GHSA-r2f7-w5vx-9jgx",
"modified": "2025-08-10T15:30:23Z",
"published": "2025-08-10T15:30:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-8813"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/atjiu/pybbs/issues/210"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/atjiu/pybbs/issues/210#issue-3256474679"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/atjiu/pybbs/issues/210#issuecomment-3134906856"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/atjiu/pybbs/commit/edb14ff13e9e05394960ba46c3d31d844ff2deac"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.319342"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.319342"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.622333"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-R2G2-G732-97CW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-08 09:30 – Updated: 2024-09-05 15:33Setor Informatica S.I.L version 3.0 is vulnerable to Open Redirect via the hprinter parameter, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-24034"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-02-08T09:15:46Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Setor Informatica S.I.L version 3.0 is vulnerable to Open Redirect via the hprinter parameter, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code.",
"id": "GHSA-r2g2-g732-97cw",
"modified": "2024-09-05T15:33:32Z",
"published": "2024-02-08T09:30:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-24034"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ELIZEUOPAIN/CVE-2024-24034/tree/main"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- Use a list of approved URLs or domains to be used for redirection.
Mitigation
Use an intermediate disclaimer page that provides the user with a clear warning that they are leaving the current site. Implement a long timeout before the redirect occurs, or force the user to click on the link. Be careful to avoid XSS problems (CWE-79) when generating the disclaimer page.
Mitigation MIT-21.2
Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion
- When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
- For example, ID 1 could map to "/login.asp" and ID 2 could map to "http://www.example.com/". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-45] provide this capability.
Mitigation
Ensure that no externally-supplied requests are honored by requiring that all redirect requests include a unique nonce generated by the application [REF-483]. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330).
Mitigation MIT-6
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
- Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
- Many open redirect problems occur because the programmer assumed that certain inputs could not be modified, such as cookies and hidden form fields.
Mitigation MIT-29
Strategy: Firewall
Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
CAPEC-178: Cross-Site Flashing
An attacker is able to trick the victim into executing a Flash document that passes commands or calls to a Flash player browser plugin, allowing the attacker to exploit native Flash functionality in the client browser. This attack pattern occurs where an attacker can provide a crafted link to a Flash document (SWF file) which, when followed, will cause additional malicious instructions to be executed. The attacker does not need to serve or control the Flash document. The attack takes advantage of the fact that Flash files can reference external URLs. If variables that serve as URLs that the Flash application references can be controlled through parameters, then by creating a link that includes values for those parameters, an attacker can cause arbitrary content to be referenced and possibly executed by the targeted Flash application.