Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-407
Allowed-with-ReviewInefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete
An algorithm in a product has an inefficient worst-case computational complexity that may be detrimental to system performance and can be triggered by an attacker, typically using crafted manipulations that ensure that the worst case is being reached.
436 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-84305 (GCVE-0-2026-84305)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-01 18:33 – Updated: 2026-09-01 19:12
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
sqlparse: Reindentation of tuple lists causes near-cap quadratic CPU consumption
Summary
sqlparse is a non-validating SQL parser module for Python. Prior to 0.6.0, sqlparse.format(sql, reindent=True) and sqlformat --reindent route attacker-controlled parenthesized tuple lists through ReindentFilter._get_offset() in sqlparse/filters/reindent.py, where _flatten_up_to_token() repeatedly rebuilds and joins the statement prefix. Thousands of offset calculations walk an expanding token tree, producing quadratic CPU consumption for inputs that remain below MAX_GROUPING_TOKENS and causing request delays, reduced throughput, or worker starvation. This issue is fixed in version 0.6.0.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-01 19:12 UTC
CWE
- CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/andialbrecht/sqlparse/security… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/andialbrecht/sqlparse/commit/a… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/andialbrecht/sqlparse/releases… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| andialbrecht | sqlparse |
Affected:
< 0.6.0
|
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CVE-2026-84008 (GCVE-0-2026-84008)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-13 19:01 – Updated: 2026-10-20 18:43
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
.NET Denial of Service Vulnerability
Summary
Inefficient algorithmic complexity in .NET allows an unauthorized attacker to deny service over a network.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-13 22:07 UTC
CWE
- CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
11 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 |
Affected:
3.5.0 , < 2.0.50727.9188 AND 3.0.30729.9171
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 AND 4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.2 |
Affected:
3.0.0.0 , < 2.0.50727.9073 AND 3.0.30729.9070 AND 4.7.4150.0
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 AND 4.7.2 |
Affected:
4.7.0 , < 2.0.50727.9073 AND 3.0.30729.9070 AND 4.7.4150.0
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 AND 4.8 |
Affected:
4.8.0 , < 2.0.50727.9073 AND 3.0.30729.9070 AND 4.8.4811.0
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 AND 4.8.1 |
Affected:
4.8.1 , < 2.0.50727.9188 AND 3.0.30729.9171 AND 4.8.9363.0
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft .NET Framework 4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.2 |
Affected:
4.7.0 , < 4.7.4150.0
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft .NET Framework 4.8 |
Affected:
4.8.0 , < 4.8.4811.0
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft .NET Framework 4.8.1 |
Affected:
4.8.0.0 , < 4.8.9363.0
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Visual Studio 2022 version 17.14 |
Affected:
17.14.0 , < 17.14.42
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Microsoft Visual Studio 2026 version 18.10 |
Affected:
18.10.0 , < 18.10.4
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | System.Security.Cryptography.Pkcs |
Affected:
10.0.0 , < 10.0.13
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-10-13 14:00
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CVE-2026-83614 (GCVE-0-2026-83614)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-01 14:41 – Updated: 2026-09-01 18:05
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
xmldom: Quadratic-time parsing via the malformed-input recovery path — `parseElementStartPart` re-scan and `normalize()` adjacent-text merge
Summary
xmldom is a pure JavaScript W3C standard-based (XML DOM Level 2 Core) DOMParser and XMLSerializer module. Prior to @xmldom/xmldom versions 0.8.15 and 0.9.12, and in xmldom versions 0.3.0 through 0.6.0, two independent quadratic paths can cause denial of service. In lib/sax.js, parseElementStartPart repeatedly rescans a malformed tag name to the next > during single-character recovery; in lib/dom.js, normalize() repeatedly removes and appends adjacent text nodes, causing quadratic reindexing and string rebuilding. The first path is reachable through default DOMParser.parseFromString() processing, while the second is also reachable through a direct normalize() call on a programmatically constructed DOM, and endDocument invokes that normalization after parsing. This issue is fixed in @xmldom/xmldom versions 0.8.15 and 0.9.12; no fixed version is available for xmldom.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-01 17:34 UTC
Assigner
References
7 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/xmldom/xmldom/security/advisor… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/xmldom/xmldom/pull/1071 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/xmldom/xmldom/pull/1072 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/xmldom/xmldom/commit/0748720b6… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/xmldom/xmldom/commit/f40ccb861… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/xmldom/xmldom/releases/tag/0.8.15 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/xmldom/xmldom/releases/tag/0.9.12 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-83613 (GCVE-0-2026-83613)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-01 14:38 – Updated: 2026-09-04 01:57
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
xmldom: Quadratic-time attribute deduplication
Summary
xmldom is a pure JavaScript W3C standard-based (XML DOM Level 2 Core) DOMParser and XMLSerializer module. Prior to @xmldom/xmldom versions 0.8.15 and 0.9.12, and in xmldom version 0.6.0 and earlier, DOMHandler.startElement in lib/dom-parser.js inserts every parsed attribute through setAttributeNode, while NamedNodeMap.setNamedItem in lib/dom.js calls the linear getNamedItem or getNamedItemNS lookup for each insertion. A well-formed element with many distinct attributes therefore requires quadratic comparisons during DOMParser.parseFromString() and can stall a Node.js event loop before application validation. This issue is fixed in @xmldom/xmldom versions 0.8.15 and 0.9.12; no fixed version is available for xmldom.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-04 01:57 UTC
CWE
- CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Assigner
References
8 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/xmldom/xmldom/security/advisor… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/xmldom/xmldom/pull/1071 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/xmldom/xmldom/pull/1072 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/xmldom/xmldom/commit/2c548f200… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/xmldom/xmldom/commit/cfb09b5db… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/xmldom/xmldom/releases/tag/0.8.15 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/xmldom/xmldom/releases/tag/0.9.12 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/xmldom/xmldom/security/advisor… | exploit |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-82760 (GCVE-0-2026-82760)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-17 13:08 – Updated: 2026-09-17 18:21
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Superlinear base62 decoding exhausts CPU and memory in AshAuthentication API key sign-in
Summary
Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity vulnerability in team-alembic AshAuthentication allows an unauthenticated attacker to exhaust CPU and memory via an oversized base62 segment in a submitted API key.
AshAuthentication.Base.decode62/1 in lib/ash_authentication/base.ex splits its argument into one binary per character and folds it with charval62/2, which recomputes Integer.pow(62, index) at every position instead of accumulating by Horner's method, so cost grows roughly cubically in the input length. bindecode62/1 in the same module is quadratic through Integer.undigits/2 and Integer.digits/2. Neither function caps byte_size/1, and AshAuthentication.Strategy.ApiKey.SignInPreparation passes the underscore-separated segments of the submitted key straight into both, before any key lookup and without prior authentication. The surrounding rescue clauses catch exceptions, not CPU or memory exhaustion.
This issue affects ash_authentication: from 4.8.0 before 4.15.0 and from 5.0.0-rc.0 before 5.0.0-rc.14.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-17 18:21 UTC
CWE
- CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Assigner
References
6 references
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| team-alembic | ash_authentication |
Affected:
4.8.0 , < 4.15.0
(semver)
Affected: 5.0.0-rc.0 , < 5.0.0-rc.14 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:team-alembic:ash_authentication:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| team-alembic | ash_authentication |
Affected:
f3a53f480088419788d5c3934af3131fa9066773 , < *
(git)
cpe:2.3:a:team-alembic:ash_authentication:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-82729 (GCVE-0-2026-82729)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-04 14:31 – Updated: 2026-09-04 19:33
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Quadratic chunk-size parsing in Mint.HTTP1.Parse allows CPU-exhaustion DoS
Summary
Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity vulnerability in elixir-mint mint allows a remote HTTP server to exhaust CPU on the client host and cause a denial of service.
parse_hex_prefix/2 in lib/mint/http1/parse.ex folds each hex digit of a chunked response's chunk-size field into an arbitrary-precision accumulator with acc * 16 + digit and imposes no limit on the digit count. Because the accumulator grows without bound, the multiplication is not constant time and one pass over N digits costs O(N squared). handle_data/2 prepends conn.buffer and re-parses from the start on every socket message, so a server that dribbles the digits out in small packets makes the client pay that cost repeatedly. A run of roughly 512,000 hex digits costs over ten seconds of CPU in a single pass, measured on stock defaults. The parser reaches this state after a valid status line and a complete, valid header section, so an intermediary inspecting only headers sees an ordinary 200 response.
This issue affects mint: from 1.9.3 before 1.10.0.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-04 19:33 UTC
CWE
- CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/elixir-mint/mint/security/advi… | relatedvendor-advisory |
| https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-82729.html | related |
| https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-82729 | related |
| https://github.com/elixir-mint/mint/commit/bd2a4e… | patch |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| elixir-mint | mint |
Affected:
1.9.3 , < 1.10.0
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:elixir-mint:mint:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| elixir-mint | mint |
Affected:
fc7d16538db7e40b56ed489f08683225cb0197fa , < bd2a4e7513594997c140cfef9fe0e968712fb588
(git)
cpe:2.3:a:elixir-mint:mint:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-82398 (GCVE-0-2026-82398)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-31 21:41 – Updated: 2026-09-01 14:57
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
pypdf: Inefficient handling of non-whitespace inputs in read_until_whitespace
Summary
pypdf is a free and open-source pure-python PDF library. Prior to 6.15.0, an attacker can craft a PDF that causes long runtimes when the pypdf/_utils.py function read_until_whitespace reads a stream containing a long run of bytes without whitespace. The function repeatedly performs immutable bytes concatenation in a one-byte loop, causing quadratic processing cost for the long non-whitespace input. This issue is fixed in version 6.15.0.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-01 14:18 UTC
CWE
- CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/py-pdf/pypdf/security/advisori… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/py-pdf/pypdf/pull/3947 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/py-pdf/pypdf/commit/4959848e05… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/py-pdf/pypdf/releases/tag/6.15.0 | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-81722 (GCVE-0-2026-81722)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-27 14:51 – Updated: 2026-08-27 17:49
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
nltk PorterStemmer before 3.10.3 Quadratic-time DoS
Summary
nltk PorterStemmer in versions <= 3.10.2 (fixed in 3.10.3) contains an inefficient-algorithmic-complexity denial of service in PorterStemmer.stem(). The _is_consonant() helper walks backward over the entire run of trailing 'y' characters on every call, and _measure() invokes it for each stem position, causing O(n^2) behavior. A single ~20-50 KB untrusted token consisting of a long run of the letter 'y' followed by a matching suffix (e.g., 'ness') can pin a CPU core for seconds to minutes, causing availability impact.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-27 17:49 UTC
CWE
- CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/nltk/nltk/security/advisories/… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/nltk-porters… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-08-12 00:00
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CVE-2026-77831 (GCVE-0-2026-77831)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-30 00:18 – Updated: 2026-08-31 14:52
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Algorithmic-complexity denial of service in AshPaperTrail full-diff list tracking
Summary
Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity vulnerability in ash-project ash_paper_trail allows a user who can submit a large array attribute to a paper-trailed create or update action to cause a denial of service through excessive CPU and memory use.
With full-diff change tracking, AshPaperTrail.ChangeBuilders.FullDiff.ListChange pairs each prior array element against the new list by rebuilding the remaining-elements accumulator with acc ++ [tuple] on every step, copying the growing list each time, so the pairing scales cubically in the array length. Nothing bounds the length and the value comes straight from action input, so one request carrying a large accepted {:array, _} attribute forces tens of seconds of CPU and multi-gigabyte allocations.
This issue affects ash_paper_trail: from 0.1.1 before 0.7.0.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-31 14:52 UTC
CWE
- CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/ash-project/ash_paper_trail/se… | vendor-advisoryrelated |
| https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-77831.html | related |
| https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-77831 | related |
| https://github.com/ash-project/ash_paper_trail/co… | patch |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ash-project | ash_paper_trail |
Affected:
0.1.1 , < 0.7.0
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:ash-project:ash_paper_trail:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| ash-project | ash_paper_trail |
Affected:
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(git)
cpe:2.3:a:ash-project:ash_paper_trail:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-77680 (GCVE-0-2026-77680)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-25 20:36 – Updated: 2026-08-26 12:43
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Libsoup3: libsoup: quadratic cpu denial of service in http range coalescing after cve-2025-32907 fix
Summary
An algorithmic complexity flaw exists in libsoup's HTTP Range header processing that persists after the CVE-2025-32907 fix.
CVE-2025-32907 addressed memory amplification when a client repeated the same range many times in a single Range header. Commit 9bb92f7a corrected merge correctness in soup_message_headers_get_ranges_internal() in libsoup/soup-message-headers.c, but the coalescing loop still removes merged ranges using g_array_remove_index() for each coalesced element. Because GArray is contiguous, each mid-array removal performs an O(N) memmove. When many identical satisfiable ranges are supplied (for example bytes=0-0 repeated thousands of times), the loop performs O(N²) work coalescing them into a single range.
The vulnerable path is reachable server-side from handle_partial_get() in libsoup/server/http1/soup-server-message-io-http1.c when a SoupServer handler returns HTTP 200 with a non-empty body. No authentication is required. The number of ranges is bounded only by the maximum request header size (~100 KiB), allowing roughly 25,000 ranges per request. Reporter measurements on libsoup HEAD containing the CVE-2025-32907 fix show ~90 ms single-core CPU per such request at the wire maximum, blocking the server's event loop for that duration.
This is a CPU exhaustion / availability issue only. No memory corruption or information disclosure occurs.
Affected: libsoup versions containing the CVE-2025-32907 fix but not merge request !550.
Fixed upstream: MR !550 merged 2026-08-20, replacing per-element removal with O(N) in-place compaction and rejecting Range headers requesting more than 200 ranges.
Upstream report: https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libsoup/-/issues/538
Related: CVE-2025-32907
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-26 12:38 UTC
CWE
- CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-32907 | technical-descriptionx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-77680 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2520892 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libsoup/-/issues/538 | |
| https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libsoup/-/merge_re… |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10
|
Date Public
2026-08-21 00:00
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"tags": [
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"x_refsource_REDHAT"
],
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2520892"
},
{
"url": "https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libsoup/-/issues/538"
},
{
"url": "https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libsoup/-/merge_requests/550"
}
],
"timeline": [
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2026-08-21T00:00:00.000Z",
"value": "Reported to Red Hat."
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2026-08-21T00:00:00.000Z",
"value": "Made public."
}
],
"title": "Libsoup3: libsoup: quadratic cpu denial of service in http range coalescing after cve-2025-32907 fix",
"workarounds": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Upgrade to a libsoup version containing merge request !550 (O(N) range coalescing and 200-range limit). Until patched, restrict network access to services using SoupServer, or terminate connections that send Range headers with excessive range counts."
}
],
"x_generator": {
"engine": "cvelib 1.8.0"
},
"x_redhatCweChain": "CWE-407: Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "53f830b8-0a3f-465b-8143-3b8a9948e749",
"assignerShortName": "redhat",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-77680",
"datePublished": "2026-08-25T20:36:45.808Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-08-21T05:11:09.007Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-26T12:43:47.896Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
No mitigation information available for this CWE.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.