CWE-287
DiscouragedImproper Authentication
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.
5964 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-V92F-PW9W-HQP7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 05:20 – Updated: 2022-05-17 05:20user.php in NextBBS 0.6 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and gain administrator access by setting the userkey cookie to 1.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2012-1602"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2012-10-01T23:55:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "user.php in NextBBS 0.6 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and gain administrator access by setting the userkey cookie to 1.",
"id": "GHSA-v92f-pw9w-hqp7",
"modified": "2022-05-17T05:20:46Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T05:20:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2012-1602"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://archives.neohapsis.com/archives/bugtraq/2012-03/0135.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.org/files/111250/NextBBS-0.6.0-Authentication-Bypass-SQL-Injection-XSS.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2012/03/29/8"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2012/03/30/2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.osvdb.org/80626"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/52728"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.waraxe.us/advisory-80.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-V95F-QPG4-XQ52
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-05 09:30 – Updated: 2024-11-05 09:30The WooCommerce - Social Login plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to authentication bypass in all versions up to, and including, 2.7.7. This is due to insufficient verification on the user being returned by the social login token. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to log in as any existing user on the site, such as an administrator, if they have access to the email and the user does not have an already-existing account for the service returning the token.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-10114"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-11-05T09:15:03Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The WooCommerce - Social Login plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to authentication bypass in all versions up to, and including, 2.7.7. This is due to insufficient verification on the user being returned by the social login token. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to log in as any existing user on the site, such as an administrator, if they have access to the email and the user does not have an already-existing account for the service returning the token.",
"id": "GHSA-v95f-qpg4-xq52",
"modified": "2024-11-05T09:30:37Z",
"published": "2024-11-05T09:30:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-10114"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/71df23bf-8f51-4260-be1f-ed5bc29d4afe?source=cve"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wpwebelite.com/changelogs/woocommerce-social-login/changelog.txt"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-V95J-QHVJ-8V9X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:16 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:16In all versions of GitLab CE/EE since version 14.1, an improper access control vulnerability allows users with expired password to still access GitLab through git and API through access tokens acquired before password expiration.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-39872"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-10-05T13:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In all versions of GitLab CE/EE since version 14.1, an improper access control vulnerability allows users with expired password to still access GitLab through git and API through access tokens acquired before password expiration.",
"id": "GHSA-v95j-qhvj-8v9x",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:16:34Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:16:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-39872"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/1285226"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/cves/-/blob/master/2021/CVE-2021-39872.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/337954"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-V985-H9J9-WV32
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-23 12:31 – Updated: 2026-03-31 15:31Improper authentication vulnerability in Novakon P series allows unauthenticated attackers to upload and download any application from/to the device.This issue affects P series: P – V2001.A.C518o2.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-9965"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-09-23T12:15:29Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Improper authentication vulnerability in Novakon P series allows unauthenticated attackers to upload and download any application from/to the device.This issue affects P series: P \u2013 V2001.A.C518o2.",
"id": "GHSA-v985-h9j9-wv32",
"modified": "2026-03-31T15:31:52Z",
"published": "2025-09-23T12:31:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-9965"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cyberdanube.com/security-research/multiple-vulnerabilities-in-novakon-hmi-series"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.novakon.com.tw/common/frontend/download?path=/uploads/images/support/download/NOVAKON_P-Series-HMI_Security-Advisory_CVE-2025-9962-9966_Rev2_0.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.novakon.com.tw/en/news/detail/Security_Advisory__Firmware_Update_Available_for_NOVAKON_P_Series_HMI_Products"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Sep/70"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:H/VA:H/SC:L/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-V98J-7CRC-WVRJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-09 22:03 – Updated: 2022-02-09 22:03Apache Shiro before 1.7.1, when using Apache Shiro with Spring, a specially crafted HTTP request may cause an authentication bypass.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.apache.shiro:shiro-web"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.7.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.apache.shiro:shiro-spring"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.7.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.apache.shiro:shiro-spring-boot-starter"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.7.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-17523"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2021-04-05T21:20:26Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2021-02-03T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Apache Shiro before 1.7.1, when using Apache Shiro with Spring, a specially crafted HTTP request may cause an authentication bypass.",
"id": "GHSA-v98j-7crc-wvrj",
"modified": "2022-02-09T22:03:57Z",
"published": "2022-02-09T22:03:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-17523"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/shiro/pull/263"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SHIRO-797"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r5b93ddf97e2c4cda779d22fab30539bdec454cfa5baec4ad0ffae235@%3Cgitbox.activemq.apache.org%3E"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r679ca97813384bdb1a4c087810ba44d9ad9c7c11583979bb7481d196@%3Cdev.shiro.apache.org%3E"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r8244fd0831db894d5e89911ded9c72196d395a90ae655414d23ed0dd@%3Cusers.activemq.apache.org%3E"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r852971e28f54cafa7d325bd7033115c67d613b112a2a1076817390ac@%3Cdev.shiro.apache.org%3E"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r9d93dfb5df016b1a71a808486bc8f9fbafebbdbc8533625f91253f1d@%3Cdev.shiro.apache.org%3E"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/rce5943430a6136d37a1f2fc201d245fe094e2727a0bc27e3b2d43a39%40%3Cdev.shiro.apache.org%3E"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/rd4b613e121438b97e3eb263cac3137caddb1dbd8f648b73a4f1898a6@%3Cissues.activemq.apache.org%3E"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/re25b8317b00a50272a7252c4552cf1a81a97984cc2111ef7728e48e0@%3Cdev.shiro.apache.org%3E"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://shiro.apache.org/download.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Authentication bypass in Apache Shiro"
}
GHSA-V9F9-QWJ8-VJFF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-30 18:19 – Updated: 2022-04-30 18:19An interaction between Microsoft Outlook Web Access (OWA) with RSA SecurID allows local users to bypass the SecurID authentication for a previous user via several submissions of an OWA Authentication request with the proper OWA password for the previous user, which is eventually accepted by OWA.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2002-0507"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2002-08-12T04:00:00Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "An interaction between Microsoft Outlook Web Access (OWA) with RSA SecurID allows local users to bypass the SecurID authentication for a previous user via several submissions of an OWA Authentication request with the proper OWA password for the previous user, which is eventually accepted by OWA.",
"id": "GHSA-v9f9-qwj8-vjff",
"modified": "2022-04-30T18:19:22Z",
"published": "2022-04-30T18:19:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2002-0507"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://online.securityfocus.com/archive/1/264705"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.iss.net/security_center/static/8681.php"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/4390"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-V9FH-GGH8-8XQ4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 00:12 – Updated: 2022-05-17 00:12The web server in the ECOM Ethernet module in Koyo H0-ECOM, H0-ECOM100, H2-ECOM, H2-ECOM-F, H2-ECOM100, H4-ECOM, H4-ECOM-F, and H4-ECOM100 does not require authentication, which allows remote attackers to perform unspecified functions via unknown vectors.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2012-1808"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2012-04-13T17:55:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The web server in the ECOM Ethernet module in Koyo H0-ECOM, H0-ECOM100, H2-ECOM, H2-ECOM-F, H2-ECOM100, H4-ECOM, H4-ECOM-F, and H4-ECOM100 does not require authentication, which allows remote attackers to perform unspecified functions via unknown vectors.",
"id": "GHSA-v9fh-ggh8-8xq4",
"modified": "2022-05-17T00:12:49Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T00:12:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2012-1808"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/74878"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.us-cert.gov/control_systems/pdf/ICSA-12-102-02.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-V9G2-G7J4-4JXC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-23 14:00 – Updated: 2024-05-23 14:00Impact
jupyter_scheduler is missing an authentication check in Jupyter Server on an API endpoint (GET /scheduler/runtime_environments) which lists the names of the Conda environments on the server. In affected versions, jupyter_scheduler allows an unauthenticated user to obtain the list of Conda environment names on the server. This reveals any information that may be present in a Conda environment name.
This issue does not allow an unauthenticated third party to read, modify, or enter the Conda environments present on the server where jupyter_scheduler is running. This issue only reveals the list of Conda environment names.
Impacted versions: >=1.0.0,<=1.1.5 ; ==1.2.0 ; >=1.3.0,<=1.8.1 ; >=2.0.0,<=2.5.1
Patches
jupyter-scheduler==1.1.6jupyter-scheduler==1.2.1jupyter-scheduler==1.8.2jupyter-scheduler==2.5.2
Workarounds
Server operators who are unable to upgrade can disable the jupyter-scheduler extension with:
jupyter server extension disable jupyter-scheduler
References
If you have any questions or comments about this advisory we ask that you contact AWS/Amazon Security via our vulnerability reporting page [1] or directly via email to aws-security@amazon.com. Please do not create a public GitHub issue.
[1] Vulnerability reporting page: https://aws.amazon.com/security/vulnerability-reporting
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "jupyter-scheduler"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.1.6"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "jupyter-scheduler"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.2.0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.2.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
],
"versions": [
"1.2.0"
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "jupyter-scheduler"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.3.0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.8.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "jupyter-scheduler"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.5.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-28188"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-200",
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-05-23T14:00:15Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-23T12:15:10Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Impact\n\n`jupyter_scheduler` is missing an authentication check in Jupyter Server on an API endpoint (`GET /scheduler/runtime_environments`) which lists the names of the Conda environments on the server. In affected versions, `jupyter_scheduler` allows an unauthenticated user to obtain the list of Conda environment names on the server. This reveals any information that may be present in a Conda environment name.\n\nThis issue does **not** allow an unauthenticated third party to read, modify, or enter the Conda environments present on the server where `jupyter_scheduler` is running. This issue only reveals the list of Conda environment names.\n\nImpacted versions: `\u003e=1.0.0,\u003c=1.1.5 ; ==1.2.0 ; \u003e=1.3.0,\u003c=1.8.1 ; \u003e=2.0.0,\u003c=2.5.1`\n\n### Patches\n\n* `jupyter-scheduler==1.1.6`\n* `jupyter-scheduler==1.2.1`\n* `jupyter-scheduler==1.8.2`\n* `jupyter-scheduler==2.5.2`\n\n### Workarounds\n\nServer operators who are unable to upgrade can disable the `jupyter-scheduler` extension with:\n\n```\njupyter server extension disable jupyter-scheduler\n```\n\n### References\n\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory we ask that you contact AWS/Amazon Security via our vulnerability reporting page [1] or directly via email to [aws-security@amazon.com](mailto:aws-security@amazon.com). Please do not create a public GitHub issue.\n\n[1] Vulnerability reporting page: https://aws.amazon.com/security/vulnerability-reporting\n",
"id": "GHSA-v9g2-g7j4-4jxc",
"modified": "2024-05-23T14:00:16Z",
"published": "2024-05-23T14:00:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jupyter-server/jupyter-scheduler/security/advisories/GHSA-v9g2-g7j4-4jxc"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-28188"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jupyter-server/jupyter_server/pull/1392"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jupyter-server/jupyter-scheduler/commit/06435a2277bb2b8f441ec9cedafa474572b92c5d"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jupyter-server/jupyter-scheduler/commit/a621b386397280cc8ee5a208dca4607cb71cdd65"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jupyter-server/jupyter-scheduler/commit/d428ac871909444e175ba421bf8ab4980d6ebf9f"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jupyter-server/jupyter-scheduler/commit/f4137a779fdf0cc4a9688a42dd8c6e7ade60f044"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/jupyter-server/jupyter-scheduler"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "jupyter-scheduler\u0027s endpoint is missing authentication"
}
GHSA-V9G5-36X8-7XMX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-22 15:34 – Updated: 2025-05-22 15:34An issue has been discovered in GitLab CE/EE affecting all versions from 16.8 before 17.10.7, 17.11 before 17.11.3, and 18.0 before 18.0.1. Group access controls could allow certain users to bypass two-factor authentication requirements.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-0605"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1390",
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-22T15:16:03Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue has been discovered in GitLab CE/EE affecting all versions from 16.8 before 17.10.7, 17.11 before 17.11.3, and 18.0 before 18.0.1. Group access controls could allow certain users to bypass two-factor authentication requirements.",
"id": "GHSA-v9g5-36x8-7xmx",
"modified": "2025-05-22T15:34:51Z",
"published": "2025-05-22T15:34:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-0605"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/2919391"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/514204"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-V9GQ-XJWR-XJJ5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-06-03 00:00 – Updated: 2022-06-14 00:00Owl Labs Meeting Owl 5.2.0.15 does not require a password for Bluetooth commands, because only client-side authentication is used.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-31463"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-06-02T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Owl Labs Meeting Owl 5.2.0.15 does not require a password for Bluetooth commands, because only client-side authentication is used.",
"id": "GHSA-v9gq-xjwr-xjj5",
"modified": "2022-06-14T00:00:35Z",
"published": "2022-06-03T00:00:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-31463"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2022/06/vulnerabilities-in-meeting-owl-videoconference-device-imperil-100k-users"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://resources.owllabs.com/blog/owl-labs-update"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.modzero.com/static/meetingowl/Meeting_Owl_Pro_Security_Disclosure_Report_RELEASE.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.
CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse
An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.
CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass
An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.
CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing
Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.
CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data
An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.
CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client
An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.
CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data
This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.
CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking
This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.
CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation
An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.
CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server
By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.
CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)
An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.