Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-287

Discouraged

Improper Authentication

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.

7030 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-34123 (GCVE-0-2026-34123)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-05 23:50 – Updated: 2026-06-08 13:06

Title

Whitelist Validation Bypass in TP-Link Tapo C520WS

Summary

On Tapo C520WS v2, restricted accounts (for example, hub users) are intended to execute only a limited set of low‑sensitivity operations. Due to a logic flaw in the device’s API authorization mechanism, an attacker can craft requests that leverage legitimate “method mapping” behavior to bypass whitelist restrictions, allowing restricted operations to be masked as permitted requests and executed. Successful exploitation may allow an attacker (with access to a restricted account) to execute unauthorized sensitive operations. Depending on the operation invoked, impact could include device resets, unintended configuration changes, or disruption of normal operation, leading to loss of availability and integrity of the device.

Severity

7 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-06-08 13:06 UTC

CWE

CWE-287 - Improper Authentication

Assigner

TPLink CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard B 88/100 over 99 records in the last 180 days details

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/download/tapo-…	patch
https://www.tp-link.com/en/support/download/tapo-…	patch
https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/faq/5120/	vendor-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
TP-Link Systems Inc.	Tapo C520WS v2	Affected: 0 , < 1.2.6 Build 260528 (custom)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-34121 (GCVE-0-2026-34121)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-02 17:20 – Updated: 2026-04-02 17:58

Title

Authentication Bypass in DS Configuration Service via HTTP Request Parsing Differential of TP-Link Tapo C520WS

Summary

An authentication bypass vulnerability within the HTTP handling of the DS configuration service in TP-Link Tapo C520WS v2.6 was identified, due to inconsistent parsing and authorization logic in JSON requests during authentication check. An unauthenticated attacker can append an authentication-exempt action to a request containing privileged DS do actions, bypassing authorization checks. Successful exploitation allows unauthenticated execution of restricted configuration actions, which may result in unauthorized modification of device state.

Severity

8.7 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-04-02 17:58 UTC

CWE

CWE-287 - Improper Authentication

Assigner

TPLink CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard B 88/100 over 99 records in the last 180 days details

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/download/tapo-…	patch
https://www.tp-link.com/en/support/download/tapo-…	patch
https://www.tp-link.com/us/support/faq/5047/	vendor-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
TP-Link Systems Inc.	Tapo C520WS v2.6	Affected: 0 , < 1.2.4 Build 260326 Rel.24666n (custom)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-34072 (GCVE-0-2026-34072)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-01 16:51 – Updated: 2026-04-01 17:45

Title

cronmaster: Middleware authentication bypass enabling unauthorized page access and server-action execution

Summary

Cr*nMaster (cronmaster) is a Cronjob management UI with human readable syntax, live logging and log history for cronjobs. Prior to version 2.2.0, an authentication bypass in middleware allows unauthenticated requests with an invalid session cookie to be treated as authenticated when the middleware’s session-validation fetch fails. This can result in unauthorized access to protected pages and unauthorized execution of privileged Next.js Server Actions. This issue has been patched in version 2.2.0.

Severity

8.3 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-04-01 17:45 UTC

CWE

CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
CWE-306 - Missing Authentication for Critical Function
CWE-693 - Protection Mechanism Failure

Assigner

GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7664 records in the last 180 days details

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/fccview/cronmaster/security/ad…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/fccview/cronmaster/releases/ta…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
fccview	cronmaster	Affected: < 2.2.0

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-33898 (GCVE-0-2026-33898)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-26 23:25 – Updated: 2026-03-30 11:48

Title

Local Incus UI web server vulnerable to nuthentication bypass

Summary

Incus is a system container and virtual machine manager. Prior to version 6.23.0, the web server spawned by `incus webui` incorrectly validates the authentication token such that an invalid value will be accepted. `incus webui` runs a local web server on a random localhost port. For authentication, it provides the user with a URL containing an authentication token. When accessed with that token, Incus creates a cookie persisting that token without needing to include it in subsequent HTTP requests. While the Incus client correctly validates the value of the cookie, it does not correctly validate the token when passed int the URL. This allows for an attacker able to locate and talk to the temporary web server on localhost to have as much access to Incus as the user who ran `incus webui`. This can lead to privilege escalation by another local user or an access to the user's Incus instances and possibly system resources by a remote attack able to trick the local user into interacting with the Incus UI web server. Version 6.23.0 patches the issue.

Severity

8.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-03-30 11:48 UTC

CWE

CWE-287 - Improper Authentication

Assigner

GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7664 records in the last 180 days details

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://github.com/lxc/incus/security/advisories/…	x_refsource_CONFIRM

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
lxc	incus	Affected: < 6.23.0

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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          "value": "Incus is a system container and virtual machine manager. Prior to version 6.23.0, the web server spawned by `incus webui` incorrectly validates the authentication token such that an invalid value will be accepted. `incus webui` runs a local web server on a random localhost port. For authentication, it provides the user with a URL containing an authentication token. When accessed with that token, Incus creates a cookie persisting that token without needing to include it in subsequent HTTP requests. While the Incus client correctly validates the value of the cookie, it does not correctly validate the token when passed int the URL.\nThis allows for an attacker able to locate and talk to the temporary web server on localhost to have as much access to Incus as the user who ran `incus webui`. This can lead to privilege escalation by another local user or an access to the user\u0027s Incus instances and possibly system resources by a remote attack able to trick the local user into interacting with the Incus UI web server. Version 6.23.0 patches the issue."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 8.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
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            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
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          }
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              "cweId": "CWE-287",
              "description": "CWE-287: Improper Authentication",
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              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
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      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-03-26T23:25:45.249Z",
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          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/lxc/incus/security/advisories/GHSA-453r-g2pg-cxxq"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-453r-g2pg-cxxq",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Local Incus UI web server vulnerable to nuthentication bypass"
    }
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    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
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    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
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CVE-2026-33746 (GCVE-0-2026-33746)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-02 15:06 – Updated: 2026-04-02 18:50

Title

Convoy: JWT Signature Verification Bypass Allows Authentication as Arbitrary Users

Summary

Convoy is a KVM server management panel for hosting businesses. From version 3.9.0-beta to before version 4.5.1, the JWTService::decode() method did not verify the cryptographic signature of JWT tokens. While the method configured a symmetric HMAC-SHA256 signer via lcobucci/jwt, it only validated time-based claims (exp, nbf, iat) using the StrictValidAt constraint. The SignedWith constraint was not included in the validation step. This means an attacker could forge or tamper with JWT token payloads — such as modifying the user_uuid claim — and the token would be accepted as valid, as long as the time-based claims were satisfied. This directly impacts the SSO authentication flow (LoginController::authorizeToken), allowing an attacker to authenticate as any user by crafting a token with an arbitrary user_uuid. This issue has been patched in version 4.5.1.

Severity

9.8 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-04-02 18:49 UTC

CWE

CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
CWE-347 - Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature

Assigner

GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7664 records in the last 180 days details

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/ConvoyPanel/panel/security/adv…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/ConvoyPanel/panel/releases/tag…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
ConvoyPanel	panel	Affected: >= 3.9.0-beta, < 4.5.1

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
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CVE-2026-33716 (GCVE-0-2026-33716)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-23 18:46 – Updated: 2026-03-24 14:25

Title

AVideo Allows Unauthenticated Live Stream Control via Token Verification URL Override in control.json.php

Summary

WWBN AVideo is an open source video platform. In versions up to and including 26.0, the standalone live stream control endpoint at `plugin/Live/standAloneFiles/control.json.php` accepts a user-supplied `streamerURL` parameter that overrides where the server sends token verification requests. An attacker can redirect token verification to a server they control that always returns `{"error": false}`, completely bypassing authentication. This grants unauthenticated control over any live stream on the platform, including dropping active publishers, starting/stopping recordings, and probing stream existence. Commit 388fcd57dbd16f6cb3ebcdf1d08cf2b929941128 contains a patch.

Severity

9.4 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-03-24 14:25 UTC

CWE

CWE-287 - Improper Authentication

Assigner

GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7664 records in the last 180 days details

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/WWBN/AVideo/security/advisorie…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/WWBN/AVideo/commit/388fcd57dbd…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
WWBN	AVideo	Affected: <= 26.0

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
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                "id": "CVE-2026-33716",
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        }
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  },
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CVE-2026-33665 (GCVE-0-2026-33665)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-25 17:32 – Updated: 2026-03-27 14:55

Title

n8n: LDAP Email-Based Account Linking Allows Privilege Escalation and Account Takeover

Summary

n8n is an open source workflow automation platform. Prior to versions 2.4.0 and 1.121.0, when LDAP authentication is enabled, n8n automatically linked an LDAP identity to an existing local account if the LDAP email attribute matched the local account's email. An authenticated LDAP user who could control their own LDAP email attribute could set it to match another user's email — including an administrator's — and upon login gain full access to that account. The account linkage persisted even if the LDAP email was later reverted, resulting in a permanent account takeover. LDAP authentication must be configured and active (non-default). The issue has been fixed in n8n versions 2.4.0 and 1.121.0. Users should upgrade to one of these versions or later to remediate the vulnerability. If upgrading is not immediately possible, administrators should consider the following temporary mitigations: Disable LDAP authentication until the instance can be upgraded, restrict LDAP directory permissions so that users cannot modify their own email attributes, and/or audit existing LDAP-linked accounts for unexpected account associations. These workarounds do not fully remediate the risk and should only be used as short-term mitigation measures.

Severity

8.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:L

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-03-27 14:55 UTC

CWE

CWE-287 - Improper Authentication

Assigner

GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7664 records in the last 180 days details

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories…	x_refsource_CONFIRM

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
n8n-io	n8n	Affected: < 1.121.0 Affected: >= 2.0.0-rc.0, < 2.4.0

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-33665",
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                    "Exploitation": "none"
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                  },
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                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
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          "value": "n8n is an open source workflow automation platform. Prior to versions 2.4.0 and 1.121.0, when LDAP authentication is enabled, n8n automatically linked an LDAP identity to an existing local account if the LDAP email attribute matched the local account\u0027s email. An authenticated LDAP user who could control their own LDAP email attribute could set it to match another user\u0027s email \u2014 including an administrator\u0027s \u2014 and upon login gain full access to that account. The account linkage persisted even if the LDAP email was later reverted, resulting in a permanent account takeover. LDAP authentication must be configured and active (non-default). The issue has been fixed in n8n versions 2.4.0 and 1.121.0. Users should upgrade to one of these versions or later to remediate the vulnerability. If upgrading is not immediately possible, administrators should consider the following temporary mitigations: Disable LDAP authentication until the instance can be upgraded, restrict LDAP directory permissions so that users cannot modify their own email attributes, and/or audit existing LDAP-linked accounts for unexpected account associations. These workarounds do not fully remediate the risk and should only be used as short-term mitigation measures."
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      },
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  },
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}

CVE-2026-33512 (GCVE-0-2026-33512)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-23 18:17 – Updated: 2026-03-24 18:34

Title

AVideo has an unauthenticated decrypt oracle leaking any ciphertext

Summary

WWBN AVideo is an open source video platform. In versions up to and including 26.0, the API plugin exposes a `decryptString` action without any authentication. Anyone can submit ciphertext and receive plaintext. Ciphertext is issued publicly (e.g., `view/url2Embed.json.php`), so any user can recover protected tokens/metadata. Commit 3fdeecef37bb88967a02ccc9b9acc8da95de1c13 contains a patch.

Severity

7.5 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-03-24 18:34 UTC

CWE

CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
CWE-312 - Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information
CWE-326 - Inadequate Encryption Strength
CWE-327 - Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm

Assigner

GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7664 records in the last 180 days details

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/WWBN/AVideo/security/advisorie…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/WWBN/AVideo/commit/3fdeecef37b…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
WWBN	AVideo	Affected: <= 26.0

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-33512",
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                  },
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                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
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                ],
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        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
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    ],
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      "affected": [
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          "product": "AVideo",
          "vendor": "WWBN",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
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          ]
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      ],
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          "lang": "en",
          "value": "WWBN AVideo is an open source video platform. In versions up to and including 26.0, the API plugin exposes a `decryptString` action without any authentication. Anyone can submit ciphertext and receive plaintext. Ciphertext is issued publicly (e.g., `view/url2Embed.json.php`), so any user can recover protected tokens/metadata. Commit 3fdeecef37bb88967a02ccc9b9acc8da95de1c13 contains a patch."
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      ],
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          "cvssV3_1": {
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          "descriptions": [
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            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-326",
              "description": "CWE-326: Inadequate Encryption Strength",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-327",
              "description": "CWE-327: Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
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      ],
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        "advisory": "GHSA-mwjc-5j4x-r686",
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      },
      "title": "AVideo has an unauthenticated decrypt oracle leaking any ciphertext"
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CVE-2026-33473 (GCVE-0-2026-33473)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-24 15:18 – Updated: 2026-03-24 17:11

Title

Vikunja has TOTP Reuse During Validity Window

Summary

Vikunja is an open-source self-hosted task management platform. Starting in version 0.13 and prior to version 2.2.1, any user that has enabled 2FA can have their TOTP reused during the standard 30 second validity window. Version 2.2.1 patches the issue.

Severity

5.7 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-03-24 17:05 UTC

CWE

CWE-287 - Improper Authentication

Assigner

GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7664 records in the last 180 days details

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/go-vikunja/vikunja/security/ad…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://vikunja.io/changelog/vikunja-v2.2.0-was-r…	x_refsource_MISC
https://vikunja.io/changelog/vikunja-v2.2.2-was-r…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
go-vikunja	vikunja	Affected: >= 0.13, < 2.2.1

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-33432 (GCVE-0-2026-33432)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-20 20:26 – Updated: 2026-04-21 17:38

Title

Roxy-WI has Pre-Authentication LDAP Injection that Leads to Authentication Bypass

Summary

Roxy-WI is a web interface for managing Haproxy, Nginx, Apache and Keepalived servers. In versions up to and including 8.2.8.2, when LDAP authentication is enabled, Roxy-WI constructs an LDAP search filter by directly concatenating the user-supplied login username into the filter string without escaping LDAP special characters. An unauthenticated attacker can inject LDAP filter metacharacters into the username field to manipulate the search query, cause the directory to return an unintended user entry, and bypass authentication entirely — gaining access to the application without knowing any valid password. As of time of publication, no known patches are available.

Severity

7.7 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-04-21 17:37 UTC

CWE

CWE-287 - Improper Authentication

Assigner

GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7664 records in the last 180 days details

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/roxy-wi/roxy-wi/security/advis…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/roxy-wi/roxy-wi/blob/v8.2.8.2/…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
roxy-wi	roxy-wi	Affected: <= 8.2.8.2

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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Mitigation

Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.

CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse

An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.

CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass

An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.

CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing

Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.

CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data

An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.

CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client

An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.

CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data

This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.

CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking

This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.

CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation

An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.

CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server

By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.

CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)

An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.

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