Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-287

Discouraged

Improper Authentication

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.

5970 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-QHV3-37X7-HPC6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-02 15:30 – Updated: 2026-05-02 15:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability has been found in innocommerce InnoShop up to 0.7.8. The affected element is the function InstallServiceProvider::boot of the file innopacks/install/src/InstallServiceProvider.php of the component Installation Endpoint. The manipulation leads to improper authentication. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of the patch is 45758e4ec22451ab944ae2ae826b1e70f6450dc9. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-7630"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-02T14:16:18Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability has been found in innocommerce InnoShop up to 0.7.8. The affected element is the function InstallServiceProvider::boot of the file innopacks/install/src/InstallServiceProvider.php of the component Installation Endpoint. The manipulation leads to improper authentication. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of the patch is 45758e4ec22451ab944ae2ae826b1e70f6450dc9. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue.",
  "id": "GHSA-qhv3-37x7-hpc6",
  "modified": "2026-05-02T15:30:26Z",
  "published": "2026-05-02T15:30:26Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-7630"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/innocommerce/innoshop/issues/314"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/innocommerce/innoshop/issues/314#issuecomment-4357464458"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/innocommerce/innoshop/commit/45758e4ec22451ab944ae2ae826b1e70f6450dc9"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/innocommerce/innoshop"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/806484"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/360576"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/360576/cti"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-QHV8-QR2F-XWVQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:26 – Updated: 2025-04-22 15:30
VLAI
Details

Kabir Alhasan Student Management System 1.0 is vulnerable to Authentication Bypass via "Username: admin'# && Password: (Write Something)".

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-23935"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287",
      "CWE-89"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-08-20T15:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Kabir Alhasan Student Management System 1.0 is vulnerable to Authentication Bypass via \"Username: admin\u0027# \u0026\u0026 Password: (Write Something)\".",
  "id": "GHSA-qhv8-qr2f-xwvq",
  "modified": "2025-04-22T15:30:23Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:26:14Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-23935"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/enesozeser/Vulnerabilities/blob/master/CVE-2020-23935"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/165215/Kabir-Alhasan-Student-Management-System-1.0-SQL-Injection.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-QHVM-M99M-QQ44

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:45 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:45
VLAI
Details

One of the usage insights HTTP API endpoints in Grafana Enterprise 6.x before 6.7.6, 7.x before 7.3.10, and 7.4.x before 7.4.5 is accessible without any authentication. This allows any unauthenticated user to send an unlimited number of requests to the endpoint, leading to a denial of service (DoS) attack against a Grafana Enterprise instance.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-28148"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-03-22T15:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "One of the usage insights HTTP API endpoints in Grafana Enterprise 6.x before 6.7.6, 7.x before 7.3.10, and 7.4.x before 7.4.5 is accessible without any authentication. This allows any unauthenticated user to send an unlimited number of requests to the endpoint, leading to a denial of service (DoS) attack against a Grafana Enterprise instance.",
  "id": "GHSA-qhvm-m99m-qq44",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:45:03Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:45:03Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-28148"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://community.grafana.com/t/grafana-enterprise-6-7-6-7-3-10-and-7-4-5-security-update/44724"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://community.grafana.com/t/release-notes-v6-7-x/27119"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://grafana.com/blog/2021/03/18/grafana-6.7.6-7.3.10-and-7.4.5-released-with-important-security-fixes-for-grafana-enterprise"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://grafana.com/docs/grafana/latest/release-notes/release-notes-7-3-10"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://grafana.com/docs/grafana/latest/release-notes/release-notes-7-4-5"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://grafana.com/products/enterprise"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20210430-0005"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/03/19/5"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-QHW5-G2XC-XPWQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-14 00:01 – Updated: 2022-07-13 00:01
VLAI
Details

In Cibele Thinfinity VirtualUI before 3.0, /changePassword returns different responses for invalid authentication requests depending on whether the username exists.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-44848"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-12-13T02:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In Cibele Thinfinity VirtualUI before 3.0, /changePassword returns different responses for invalid authentication requests depending on whether the username exists.",
  "id": "GHSA-qhw5-g2xc-xpwq",
  "modified": "2022-07-13T00:01:49Z",
  "published": "2021-12-14T00:01:16Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-44848"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/cybelesoft/virtualui/issues/1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/165327/Cibele-Thinfinity-VirtualUI-2.5.41.0-User-Enumeration.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-QJ24-4WH9-7XQ5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 00:00 – Updated: 2022-05-26 00:01
VLAI
Details

A remote authentication bypass vulnerability was discovered in Aruba ClearPass Policy Manager version(s): 6.10.4 and below, 6.9.9 and below, 6.8.9-HF2 and below, 6.7.x and below. Aruba has released updates to ClearPass Policy Manager that address this security vulnerability.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-23657"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-05-16T20:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "A remote authentication bypass vulnerability was discovered in Aruba ClearPass Policy Manager version(s): 6.10.4 and below, 6.9.9 and below, 6.8.9-HF2 and below, 6.7.x and below. Aruba has released updates to ClearPass Policy Manager that address this security vulnerability.",
  "id": "GHSA-qj24-4wh9-7xq5",
  "modified": "2022-05-26T00:01:24Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T00:00:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-23657"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.arubanetworks.com/assets/alert/ARUBA-PSA-2022-007.txt"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-QJ44-5XWC-3WGW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-02 04:00 – Updated: 2022-05-02 04:00
VLAI
Details

CRE Loaded before 6.2.14 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and gain administrator privileges via vectors related to a modified PHP_SELF variable, which is not properly handled by (1) includes/application_top.php and (2) admin/includes/application_top.php.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2009-5077"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2011-06-08T15:55:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "CRE Loaded before 6.2.14 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and gain administrator privileges via vectors related to a modified PHP_SELF variable, which is not properly handled by (1) includes/application_top.php and (2) admin/includes/application_top.php.",
  "id": "GHSA-qj44-5xwc-3wgw",
  "modified": "2022-05-02T04:00:52Z",
  "published": "2022-05-02T04:00:52Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2009-5077"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://hosting-4-creloaded.com/node/116"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-QJCJ-XG77-6C32

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-12-08 06:30 – Updated: 2025-11-04 21:30
VLAI
Details

Bluetooth HID Hosts in BlueZ may permit an unauthenticated Peripheral role HID Device to initiate and establish an encrypted connection, and accept HID keyboard reports, potentially permitting injection of HID messages when no user interaction has occurred in the Central role to authorize such access. An example affected package is bluez 5.64-0ubuntu1 in Ubuntu 22.04LTS. NOTE: in some cases, a CVE-2020-0556 mitigation would have already addressed this Bluetooth HID Hosts issue.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-45866"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-12-08T06:15:45Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Bluetooth HID Hosts in BlueZ may permit an unauthenticated Peripheral role HID Device to initiate and establish an encrypted connection, and accept HID keyboard reports, potentially permitting injection of HID messages when no user interaction has occurred in the Central role to authorize such access. An example affected package is bluez 5.64-0ubuntu1 in Ubuntu 22.04LTS. NOTE: in some cases, a CVE-2020-0556 mitigation would have already addressed this Bluetooth HID Hosts issue.",
  "id": "GHSA-qjcj-xg77-6c32",
  "modified": "2025-11-04T21:30:50Z",
  "published": "2023-12-08T06:30:38Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-45866"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bluetooth.com"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/bluetooth/bluez.git/commit/profiles/input?id=25a471a83e02e1effb15d5a488b3f0085eaeb675"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/skysafe/reblog/tree/main/cve-2023-45866"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/12/msg00011.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/77YQQS5FXPYE6WBBZO3REFIRAUJHERFA"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/D2N2P5LMP3V7IJONALV2KOFL4NUU23CJ"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/77YQQS5FXPYE6WBBZO3REFIRAUJHERFA"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/D2N2P5LMP3V7IJONALV2KOFL4NUU23CJ"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202401-03"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT214035"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT214036"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5584"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://changelogs.ubuntu.com/changelogs/pool/main/b/bluez/bluez_5.64-0ubuntu1/changelog"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2023/Dec/7"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2023/Dec/9"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-QJH8-9WF4-5229

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-31 21:32 – Updated: 2024-07-31 21:32
VLAI
Details

A command injection vulnerability could allow an authenticated user to execute operating system commands as root via a specially crafted API request.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-4002"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287",
      "CWE-77"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-07-31T21:15:14Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A command injection vulnerability could allow an authenticated user to execute operating system commands as root via a specially crafted API request.",
  "id": "GHSA-qjh8-9wf4-5229",
  "modified": "2024-07-31T21:32:38Z",
  "published": "2024-07-31T21:32:38Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-4002"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://en-us.support.motorola.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/176952/~/motorola-q14-mesh-router-vulnerabilities"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-QJQ6-QXX8-CGH5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 23:57 – Updated: 2022-05-01 23:57
VLAI
Details

Scripteen Free Image Hosting Script 1.2 and 1.2.1 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and gain administrative access by setting the cookid cookie value to 1.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2008-3211"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2008-07-18T15:13:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Scripteen Free Image Hosting Script 1.2 and 1.2.1 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and gain administrative access by setting the cookid cookie value to 1.",
  "id": "GHSA-qjq6-qxx8-cgh5",
  "modified": "2022-05-01T23:57:51Z",
  "published": "2022-05-01T23:57:51Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-3211"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/43771"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/6070"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/31083"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://securityreason.com/securityalert/4014"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/30217"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2008/2106/references"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-QJQC-GW55-MPMX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-08-25 00:00 – Updated: 2022-08-29 20:06
VLAI
Details

The Candlepin component of Red Hat Satellite was affected by an improper authentication flaw. Few factors could allow an attacker to use the SCA (simple content access) certificate for authentication with Candlepin.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-4142"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-08-24T16:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Candlepin component of Red Hat Satellite was affected by an improper authentication flaw. Few factors could allow an attacker to use the SCA (simple content access) certificate for authentication with Candlepin.",
  "id": "GHSA-qjqc-gw55-mpmx",
  "modified": "2022-08-29T20:06:52Z",
  "published": "2022-08-25T00:00:27Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-4142"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/candlepin/candlepin/pull/3197"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/candlepin/candlepin/pull/3198"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/candlepin/candlepin/pull/3199"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2022:0790"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2022:5498"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2021-4142"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2034346"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.

CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse

An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.

CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass

An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.

CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing

Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.

CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data

An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.

CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client

An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.

CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data

This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.

CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking

This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.

CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation

An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.

CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server

By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.

CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)

An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.