Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-287

Discouraged

Improper Authentication

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.

5970 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-QJRP-XR9R-WMRG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-25 21:31 – Updated: 2025-10-22 00:33
VLAI
Details

ScreenConnect versions 25.2.3 and earlier versions may be susceptible to a ViewState code injection attack. ASP.NET Web Forms use ViewState to preserve page and control state, with data encoded using Base64 protected by machine keys.  It is important to note that to obtain these machine keys, privileged system level access must be obtained.

If these machine keys are compromised, attackers could create and send a malicious ViewState to the website, potentially leading to remote code execution on the server. 

The risk does not originate from a vulnerability introduced by ScreenConnect, but from platform level behavior.  This had no direct impact to ScreenConnect Client. ScreenConnect 2025.4 patch disables ViewState and removes any dependency on it.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-3935"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287",
      "CWE-502"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-04-25T19:15:49Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "ScreenConnect versions 25.2.3 and earlier versions may be susceptible to a ViewState code injection attack. ASP.NET Web Forms use ViewState to preserve page and control state, with data encoded using Base64 protected by machine keys.\u00a0\nIt is important to note that to obtain these machine keys, privileged system level access must be obtained. \n\n\n\nIf these machine keys are compromised, attackers could create and send a malicious ViewState to the website, potentially leading to remote code execution on the server.\u00a0\n\n\n\nThe risk does not originate from a vulnerability introduced by ScreenConnect, but from platform level behavior.\u00a0 This had no direct impact to ScreenConnect Client.\u00a0ScreenConnect 2025.4 patch disables ViewState and removes any dependency on it.",
  "id": "GHSA-qjrp-xr9r-wmrg",
  "modified": "2025-10-22T00:33:18Z",
  "published": "2025-04-25T21:31:33Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-3935"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-3935"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.connectwise.com/company/trust/advisories"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.connectwise.com/company/trust/security-bulletins/screenconnect-security-patch-2025.4"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-QM24-4869-99PJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:36 – Updated: 2026-06-30 19:42
VLAI
Summary
Opendaylight will authenticate any username and password combination
Details

The custom authentication realm used by karaf-tomcat's "opendaylight" realm in Opendaylight before Helium SR3 will authenticate any username and password combination.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.opendaylight.odlparent:opendaylight-karaf-resources"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.2.3-Helium-SR3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2015-1778"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-04-22T20:02:04Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-06-27T20:29:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "The custom authentication realm used by karaf-tomcat\u0027s \"opendaylight\" realm in Opendaylight before Helium SR3 will authenticate any username and password combination.",
  "id": "GHSA-qm24-4869-99pj",
  "modified": "2026-06-30T19:42:07Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T02:36:11Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-1778"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20150510044305/https://git.opendaylight.org/gerrit/#/c/16307"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20150510044305/https://wiki.opendaylight.org/view/Security_Advisories#.5BImportant.5D_CVE-2015-1778_OpenDaylight:_authentication_bypass"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "github.com/opendaylight/odlparent"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2015/03/20/3"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Opendaylight will authenticate any username and password combination"
}

GHSA-QM2X-29WF-35MQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:17 – Updated: 2022-05-17 02:17
VLAI
Details

Gallery 1.5.x before 1.5.10 and 1.6 before 1.6-RC3, when register_globals is enabled, allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and gain administrative via unspecified cookies. NOTE: some of these details are obtained from third party information.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2008-5296"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2008-12-01T15:30:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Gallery 1.5.x before 1.5.10 and 1.6 before 1.6-RC3, when register_globals is enabled, allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and gain administrative via unspecified cookies.  NOTE: some of these details are obtained from third party information.",
  "id": "GHSA-qm2x-29wf-35mq",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T02:17:41Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T02:17:41Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-5296"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/46804"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://gallery.menalto.com/last_official_G1_releases"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://osvdb.org/50089"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/32817"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/32440"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-QM32-JCF4-2654

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:29 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:29
VLAI
Details

A partial authentication bypass vulnerability exists on Atheros AR9132 3.60(AMX.8), AR9283 1.85, and AR9285 1.0.0.12NA devices. The vulnerability allows sending an unencrypted data frame to a WPA2-protected WLAN router where the packet is routed through the network. If successful, a response is sent back as an encrypted frame, which would allow an attacker to discern information or potentially modify data.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-18991"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-09-30T18:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A partial authentication bypass vulnerability exists on Atheros AR9132 3.60(AMX.8), AR9283 1.85, and AR9285 1.0.0.12NA devices. The vulnerability allows sending an unencrypted data frame to a WPA2-protected WLAN router where the packet is routed through the network. If successful, a response is sent back as an encrypted frame, which would allow an attacker to discern information or potentially modify data.",
  "id": "GHSA-qm32-jcf4-2654",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:29:45Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:29:45Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-18991"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.synopsys.com/blogs/software-security/cyrc-advisory-sept2020"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-QM3J-VVG8-52J9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:32 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:32
VLAI
Details

Imperva SecureSphere gateway (GW) running v13, for both pre-First Time Login or post-First Time Login (FTL), if the attacker knows the basic authentication passwords, the GW may be vulnerable to RCE through specially crafted requests, from the web access management interface.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-5403"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-01-10T22:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Imperva SecureSphere gateway (GW) running v13, for both pre-First Time Login or post-First Time Login (FTL), if the attacker knows the basic authentication passwords, the GW may be vulnerable to RCE through specially crafted requests, from the web access management interface.",
  "id": "GHSA-qm3j-vvg8-52j9",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:32:10Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:32:10Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-5403"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/45542"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-QM3R-59G5-W8VH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 05:17 – Updated: 2025-04-11 03:54
VLAI
Details

The Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS) protocol, when the "external registrar" authentication method is used, does not properly inform clients about failed PIN authentication, which makes it easier for remote attackers to discover the PIN value, and consequently discover the Wi-Fi network password or reconfigure an access point, by reading EAP-NACK messages.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2011-5053"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2012-01-06T20:55:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS) protocol, when the \"external registrar\" authentication method is used, does not properly inform clients about failed PIN authentication, which makes it easier for remote attackers to discover the PIN value, and consequently discover the Wi-Fi network password or reconfigure an access point, by reading EAP-NACK messages.",
  "id": "GHSA-qm3r-59g5-w8vh",
  "modified": "2025-04-11T03:54:02Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T05:17:01Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2011-5053"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://code.google.com/p/reaver-wps"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://sviehb.files.wordpress.com/2011/12/viehboeck_wps.pdf"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://sviehb.wordpress.com/2011/12/27/wi-fi-protected-setup-pin-brute-force-vulnerability"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityResponse/cisco-sr-20120111-wps"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/723755"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.us-cert.gov/cas/techalerts/TA12-006A.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-QM46-4G33-F75Q

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 04:10 – Updated: 2022-05-17 04:10
VLAI
Details

Webservice-DIC yoyaku_v41 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and complete a conference-room reservation via unspecified vectors, as demonstrated by an "unintentional reservation."

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2015-2978"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2015-07-29T14:59:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Webservice-DIC yoyaku_v41 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and complete a conference-room reservation via unspecified vectors, as demonstrated by an \"unintentional reservation.\"",
  "id": "GHSA-qm46-4g33-f75q",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T04:10:40Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T04:10:40Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-2978"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN52248864/index.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://jvndb.jvn.jp/jvndb/JVNDB-2015-000108"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-QM59-F7VH-3M2P

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-13 18:30 – Updated: 2025-10-22 00:32
VLAI
Details

A fully compromised ESXi host can force VMware Tools to fail to authenticate host-to-guest operations, impacting the confidentiality and integrity of the guest virtual machine.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-20867"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-06-13T17:15:14Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "A fully compromised ESXi host can force VMware Tools to fail to authenticate host-to-guest operations, impacting the confidentiality and integrity of the guest virtual machine.",
  "id": "GHSA-qm59-f7vh-3m2p",
  "modified": "2025-10-22T00:32:44Z",
  "published": "2023-06-13T18:30:39Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-20867"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/08/msg00020.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/NVKQ6Y2JFJRWPFOZUOTFO3H27BK5GGOG"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/TJNJMD67QIT6LXLKWSHFM47DCLRSMT6W"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/ZJM6HDRQYS74JA7YNKQBFH2XSZ52HEWH"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20230725-0001"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2023-20867"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5493"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vmware.com/security/advisories/VMSA-2023-0013.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/10/16/11"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/10/16/2"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-QM6V-CG9V-53J3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-25 20:16 – Updated: 2022-05-25 20:16
VLAI
Summary
Limited Authentication Bypass for Media Files
Details

Prior to Opencast 10.14 and 11.7, users could pass along URLs for files belonging to organizations other than the user's own, which Opencast would then import into the current organization, bypassing organizational barriers.

Impact

The vulnerability allows attackers to bypass organizational barriers. Attackers must have full access to Opencast's ingest REST interface, and also know internal links to resources in another organization of the same Opencast cluster.

If you do not run a multi-tenant cluster, you are not affected by this issue.

Patches

This issue is fixed in Opencast 10.14 and 11.7.

References

For more information

If you have any questions or comments about this advisory: * Open an issue in our issue tracker * Email us at security@opencast.org

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.opencastproject:opencast-ingest-service-impl"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "10.14"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.opencastproject:opencast-ingest-service-impl"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "11.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "11.7"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-29237"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-05-25T20:16:36Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-05-24T15:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Prior to Opencast 10.14 and 11.7, users could pass along URLs for files belonging to organizations other than the user\u0027s own, which Opencast would then import into the current organization, bypassing organizational barriers.\n\n### Impact\n\nThe vulnerability allows attackers to bypass organizational barriers. Attackers must have full access to Opencast\u0027s ingest REST interface, and also know internal links to resources in another organization of the same Opencast cluster.\n\nIf you do not run a multi-tenant cluster, you are not affected by this issue.\n\n### Patches\n\nThis issue is fixed in Opencast 10.14 and 11.7.\n\n### References\n\n- [Patch fixing the issue](https://github.com/opencast/opencast/commit/8d5ec1614eed109b812bc27b0c6d3214e456d4e7)\n\n### For more information\n\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory:\n* Open an issue in [our issue tracker](https://github.com/opencast/opencast/issues)\n* Email us at [security@opencast.org](mailto:security@opencast.org)\n",
  "id": "GHSA-qm6v-cg9v-53j3",
  "modified": "2022-05-25T20:16:36Z",
  "published": "2022-05-25T20:16:36Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/opencast/opencast/security/advisories/GHSA-qm6v-cg9v-53j3"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-29237"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/opencast/opencast/commit/8d5ec1614eed109b812bc27b0c6d3214e456d4e7"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/opencast/opencast"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Limited Authentication Bypass for Media Files"
}

GHSA-QM75-WJ63-4J3J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-06 19:24 – Updated: 2025-04-02 18:30
VLAI
Details

The User Verification WordPress plugin before 1.0.94 was affected by an Auth Bypass security vulnerability. To bypass authentication, we only need to know the user’s username. Depending on whose username we know, which can be easily queried because it is usually public data, we may even be given an administrative role on the website.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-4693"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287",
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-01-23T15:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "The User Verification WordPress plugin before 1.0.94 was affected by an Auth Bypass security vulnerability. To bypass authentication, we only need to know the user\u2019s username. Depending on whose username we know, which can be easily queried because it is usually public data, we may even be given an administrative role on the website.",
  "id": "GHSA-qm75-wj63-4j3j",
  "modified": "2025-04-02T18:30:41Z",
  "published": "2023-07-06T19:24:07Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-4693"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lana.codes/lanavdb/eeabe1d3-6f64-400a-8fb2-0865efdf6957"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://wpscan.com/vulnerability/1eee10a8-135f-4b76-8289-c381ff1f51ea"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.

CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse

An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.

CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass

An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.

CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing

Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.

CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data

An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.

CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client

An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.

CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data

This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.

CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking

This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.

CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation

An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.

CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server

By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.

CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)

An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.