CWE-248

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-32944"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-248"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-04-15T13:15:55Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The vulnerability allows any authenticated user to cause the PeerTube server to stop functioning in a persistent manner.\u00a0\u00a0If user import is enabled (which is the default setting), any registered user can upload an archive for importing. The code uses the yauzl library for reading the archive. If the yauzl library encounters a filename that is considered illegal, it raises an exception that is uncaught by PeerTube, leading to a crash which repeats infinitely on startup.",
  "id": "GHSA-fvpc-gqmr-784w",
  "modified": "2025-04-15T15:30:53Z",
  "published": "2025-04-15T15:30:53Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-32944"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Chocobozzz/PeerTube/releases/tag/v7.1.1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://research.jfrog.com/vulnerabilities/peertube-archive-persistent-dos"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "sequelize"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.44.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-248"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2020-08-31T18:48:48Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Versions of `sequelize` prior to 4.44.4 are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS). The SQLite dialect fails to catch a `TypeError` exception for the `results` variable. The `results` value may be undefined and trigger the error on a `.map` call. This may allow attackers to submit malicious input that forces the exception and crashes the Node process.  \n\nThe following proof-of-concept crashes the Node process:  \n```\nconst Sequelize = require(\u0027sequelize\u0027);\n\nconst sequelize = new Sequelize({\n\tdialect: \u0027sqlite\u0027,\n\tstorage: \u0027database.sqlite\u0027\n});\n\nconst TypeError = sequelize.define(\u0027TypeError\u0027, {\n\tname: Sequelize.STRING,\n});\n\nTypeError.sync({force: true}).then(() =\u003e {\n\treturn TypeError.create({name: \"SELECT tbl_name FROM sqlite_master\"});\n});\n```\n\n\n## Recommendation\n\nUpgrade to version 4.44.4 or later.",
  "id": "GHSA-fw4p-36j9-rrj3",
  "modified": "2020-08-31T18:48:48Z",
  "published": "2020-09-03T20:25:33Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/sequelize/sequelize/pull/11877"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.npmjs.com/advisories/1142"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [],
  "summary": "Denial of Service in sequelize"
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-77781"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-248"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-08-22T00:16:46Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Tie::Hash::Regex versions before 2.0.0 for Perl will throw an exception on unparseable lookup keys.\n\nThe FETCH, EXISTS and DELETE methods throw an exception when on malformed regular expressions.\n\nEach method falls back to a regex match when the key is not already stored in the hash, compiling the caller\u0027s key with a bare qr// and no eval guard. A key that is not a valid regular expression pattern, such as a single unmatched bracket, dies.\n\nAn application that looks up externally supplied strings in a tied hash will die on an invalid key.",
  "id": "GHSA-fwmp-gxj5-29mj",
  "modified": "2026-08-27T21:31:21Z",
  "published": "2026-08-22T00:31:12Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-77781"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/davorg-cpan/tie-hash-regex/commit/4239732cb76233543e2ded8ff5e0f238af152e0c.patch"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://metacpan.org/release/DAVECROSS/Tie-Hash-Regex-2.0.0/source/Changes"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/08/22/2"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-51518"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-248"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-11-05T10:21:10Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Vulnerability of message types not being verified in the advanced messaging modul\nImpact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect availability.",
  "id": "GHSA-fx36-2w4h-pgpf",
  "modified": "2024-11-05T12:31:03Z",
  "published": "2024-11-05T12:31:03Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-51518"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://consumer.huawei.com/en/support/bulletin/2024/11"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-13417"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-248"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-02-06T20:15:39Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Specifically crafted payloads sent to the RFID reader could cause DoS of RFID reader. After the device is restarted, it gets back to fully working state.",
  "id": "GHSA-g2m5-4hx7-hx76",
  "modified": "2025-02-06T21:32:09Z",
  "published": "2025-02-06T21:32:09Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-13417"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.2n.com/en-GB/download/cve_2024_1341x_2nos_2_46_v1pdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-3405"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-248"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-06-27T15:15:11Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Unchecked parameter value in M-Files Server in versions before 23.6.12695.3 (excluding 23.2 SR2 and newer) allows anonymous user to cause denial of service",
  "id": "GHSA-g4w4-pwm7-7rv4",
  "modified": "2026-02-23T09:31:18Z",
  "published": "2023-06-27T15:30:28Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-3405"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://empower.m-files.com/security-advisories/CVE-2023-3405"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://product.m-files.com/security-advisories/cve-2023-3405"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.m-files.com/about/trust-center/security-advisories/cve-2023-3405"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.m-files.com/about/trust-center/security-advisories/cve-2023-3405-denial-of-service-in-m-files-server"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "multer"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.4.4-lts.1"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.0.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-48997"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-248"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-06-05T01:09:35Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-06-03T19:15:39Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\n\nA vulnerability in Multer versions \u003e=1.4.4-lts.1, \u003c2.0.1 allows an attacker to trigger a Denial of Service (DoS) by sending an upload file request with an empty string field name. This request causes an unhandled exception, leading to a crash of the process.\n\n### Patches\n\nUsers should upgrade to `2.0.1`\n\n### Workarounds\n\nNone\n\n### References\n\nhttps://github.com/expressjs/multer/commit/35a3272b611945155e046dd5cef11088587635e9\nhttps://github.com/expressjs/multer/issues/1233\nhttps://github.com/expressjs/multer/pull/1256",
  "id": "GHSA-g5hg-p3ph-g8qg",
  "modified": "2025-06-05T01:09:35Z",
  "published": "2025-06-05T01:09:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/expressjs/multer/security/advisories/GHSA-g5hg-p3ph-g8qg"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-48997"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/expressjs/multer/issues/1233"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/expressjs/multer/pull/1256"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/expressjs/multer/commit/35a3272b611945155e046dd5cef11088587635e9"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/expressjs/multer"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Multer vulnerable to Denial of Service via unhandled exception"
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 4.40.0"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "exifreader"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.40.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-53496"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-248",
      "CWE-755"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-17T20:19:39Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\n\nExifReader 4.40.0 can throw an uncaught `RangeError: Offset is outside the bounds of the DataView` while parsing crafted HEIC/AVIF files. The file only needs a valid leading `ftyp` box with a HEIC/AVIF major brand followed by a malformed ISO-BMFF box, such as an empty 8-byte `free` box or a truncated extended-size box.\n\nThis is reachable through the public `ExifReader.load()` API for in-memory buffers and through the async file/URL loaders when an application parses attacker-supplied images. In applications that do not wrap every parse in a defensive try/catch, a single uploaded or fetched image can abort the request/worker and cause a denial of service.\n\nCredit requested: Yaohui Wang.\n\n## Affected version tested\n\n- npm package: `exifreader`\n- Version: `4.40.0`\n- Repository commit tested: `8cb0261a26b7d986955fe0a6780f076dcb7902e7`\n\n## Root cause\n\nThe ISO-BMFF parser assumes that every top-level box with at least an 8-byte header also has enough bytes for the fields required by its parsed form. In `src/image-header-iso-bmff.js`:\n\n- `findMetaBox()` calls `parseBox(dataView, offset)` while only checking that `offset + 8 \u003c= dataView.byteLength`.\n- `parseBox()` calls `getBoxLength()` and then unconditionally reads fields such as the full-box version byte for `meta`/`iloc`/`iinf`/`idat` boxes.\n- `getBoxLength()` handles `boxLength === 1` by calling `hasEmptyHighBits(dataView, offset)`, which reads `dataView.getUint32(offset + 8)` without first checking that the 64-bit extended size field is present.\n\nAs a result, syntactically small or truncated boxes after a valid HEIC/AVIF `ftyp` box escape the format-detection catch blocks and throw from the main parsing path.\n\n## Reproduction\n\nRun this from the repository root against the committed `dist/exif-reader.js` bundle:\n\n```js\nconst ExifReader = require(\u0027./dist/exif-reader.js\u0027);\n\nfunction u32be(n) {\n  return [(n \u003e\u003e\u003e 24) \u0026 255, (n \u003e\u003e\u003e 16) \u0026 255, (n \u003e\u003e\u003e 8) \u0026 255, n \u0026 255];\n}\nfunction ascii(s) {\n  return Array.from(Buffer.from(s, \u0027ascii\u0027));\n}\nfunction box(type, content = []) {\n  return [...u32be(8 + content.length), ...ascii(type), ...content];\n}\n\nfor (const brand of [\u0027heic\u0027, \u0027avif\u0027]) {\n  for (const badBox of [\u0027free\u0027, \u0027abcd\u0027]) {\n    const bytes = Uint8Array.from([\n      ...box(\u0027ftyp\u0027, ascii(brand)),\n      ...box(badBox), // 8-byte box header with no content\n    ]);\n\n    try {\n      ExifReader.load(bytes.buffer);\n      console.log(`${brand}/${badBox}: no throw`);\n    } catch (e) {\n      console.log(`${brand}/${badBox}: ${e.name}: ${e.message}`);\n      console.log(String(e.stack).split(\u0027\\n\u0027).slice(0, 6).join(\u0027\\n\u0027));\n    }\n  }\n}\n```\n\nObserved output on Node v23.11.0 with ExifReader 4.40.0:\n\n```text\nheic/free: RangeError: Offset is outside the bounds of the DataView\nRangeError: Offset is outside the bounds of the DataView\n    at DataView.prototype.getUint8 (\u003canonymous\u003e)\n    at parseBox (.../dist/exif-reader.js:1:16513)\n    at findMetaBox (.../dist/exif-reader.js:1:19032)\n    at findOffsets (.../dist/exif-reader.js:1:19101)\n\nheic/abcd: RangeError: Offset is outside the bounds of the DataView\navif/free: RangeError: Offset is outside the bounds of the DataView\navif/abcd: RangeError: Offset is outside the bounds of the DataView\n```\n\nA second variant triggers the extended-size path:\n\n```js\nconst truncatedExtendedBox = [...u32be(1), ...ascii(\u0027free\u0027)];\nconst heic = Uint8Array.from([...box(\u0027ftyp\u0027, ascii(\u0027heic\u0027)), ...truncatedExtendedBox]);\nExifReader.load(heic.buffer);\n```\n\nThat throws from `hasEmptyHighBits()` / `getBoxLength()` because the extended-size high/low fields are not present.\n\n## Expected behavior\n\nMalformed/truncated metadata boxes should be handled like other malformed metadata in the project: return only the successfully parsed file type/metadata, return no app markers, or throw a controlled project-specific error. A safe JavaScript bounds error should not escape from the parser for an attacker-controlled image container.\n\n## Security impact\n\nThis is a denial-of-service issue for services that parse user-provided HEIC/AVIF files with ExifReader. A minimal attacker-controlled image buffer can cause an unhandled exception in the parser and abort the surrounding request/worker if the embedding application does not catch every parse error.\n\nSuggested severity: Medium. Suggested CVSS: `CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L`.\n\n## Suggested fix\n\nAdd explicit bounds checks before every `DataView` read in the ISO-BMFF box parser, especially:\n\n- before reading the 64-bit extended size fields in `getBoxLength()`;\n- before reading the full-box version byte in `parseBox()`;\n- before descending into `parseSubBoxes()` when a declared box length exceeds available bytes;\n- ensure `findMetaBox()` breaks on boxes whose declared length is invalid or not fully present.\n\nA regression test should cover `ftyp/heic` and `ftyp/avif` followed by an 8-byte empty `free`/unknown box and by a truncated extended-size box.",
  "id": "GHSA-g77h-45rf-hcx4",
  "modified": "2026-07-17T20:19:39Z",
  "published": "2026-07-17T20:19:39Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mattiasw/ExifReader/security/advisories/GHSA-g77h-45rf-hcx4"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/mattiasw/ExifReader"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mattiasw/ExifReader/releases/tag/v4.40.1"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "ExifReader HEIC/AVIF ISO-BMFF parser throws uncaught RangeError on truncated boxes"
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/pterodactyl/wings"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.13.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-52856"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-129",
      "CWE-20",
      "CWE-248",
      "CWE-400",
      "CWE-617",
      "CWE-755"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-31T16:20:25Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\nA maliciously crafted packet received \u0026 parsed during the SFTP connection handshake will cause a Go panic.\n\n### Impact\nAll wings users with an open SFTP port.\n\n### Workarounds\nClose SFTP port.",
  "id": "GHSA-ghrq-5wpp-hxx5",
  "modified": "2026-07-31T16:20:25Z",
  "published": "2026-07-31T16:20:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/pterodactyl/wings/security/advisories/GHSA-ghrq-5wpp-hxx5"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/pterodactyl/wings/commit/8e49c7c0eda815d3ada171831876a1c14c493026"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/pterodactyl/wings"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/pterodactyl/wings/releases/tag/v1.13.0"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Wings: Maliciously crafted packet during SFTP connection handshake causes denial of service"
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-58359"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-248"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-18T14:17:08Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "SurrealDB versions before 2.1.0 contain a denial of service vulnerability in the sorting mechanism when using ORDER BY rand() clause. Authorized clients can execute queries with ORDER BY rand() to trigger a panic in the sorting function, crashing the server.",
  "id": "GHSA-gjm5-72ch-9675",
  "modified": "2026-07-18T15:31:48Z",
  "published": "2026-07-18T15:31:48Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/surrealdb/surrealdb/security/advisories/GHSA-m52v-24p8-654f"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-58359"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/surrealdb-before-denial-of-service-via-rand-sorting"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}