Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-1333
AllowedInefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product uses a regular expression with a worst-case computational complexity that is inefficient and possibly exponential.
791 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-83619 (GCVE-0-2026-83619)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-01 14:51 – Updated: 2026-09-01 14:51
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
xmldom: End-tag Whitespace-Trim Regex ReDoS — quadratic backtracking in the 0.8.x end-tag parser
Summary
xmldom is a pure JavaScript W3C standard-based (XML DOM Level 2 Core) DOMParser and XMLSerializer module. From 0.7.0 until 0.8.15, the release-0.8.x parser in lib/sax.js trims captured end-tag names with the unanchored global expression /[ \t\n\r]+$/g. For an end tag containing a long whitespace run followed by a non-whitespace character, the expression retries from each possible starting position and backtracks quadratically before failing its end anchor. DOMParser.parseFromString() reaches the path under default options, allowing a small unauthenticated XML input to stall the Node.js event loop; the 0.9.x and unscoped npm lines do not contain this expression. This issue is fixed in @xmldom/xmldom version 0.8.15.
Severity
CWE
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/xmldom/xmldom/security/advisor… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/xmldom/xmldom/pull/1072 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/xmldom/xmldom/commit/3abb0934f… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/xmldom/xmldom/releases/tag/0.8.15 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-83606 (GCVE-0-2026-83606)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-01 14:21 – Updated: 2026-09-01 14:57
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
xmldom PI grammar regex ReDoS: quadratic backtracking on unterminated processing instructions
Summary
xmldom is a pure JavaScript W3C standard-based (XML DOM Level 2 Core) DOMParser and XMLSerializer module. From 0.9.0-beta.9 until 0.9.11, the processing-instruction production in lib/grammar.js lets the greedy S+ separator and lazy Char*? data group repeatedly repartition a long whitespace tail when the required closing ?> is absent. Both parsePI and parseProcessingInstruction apply the expression to the entire remaining source, causing quadratic backtracking during DOMParser.parseFromString() under default options and allowing a small unauthenticated XML input to stall the Node.js event loop. This issue is fixed in @xmldom/xmldom version 0.9.11.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-01 14:57 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/xmldom/xmldom/security/advisor… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/xmldom/xmldom/pull/1039 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/xmldom/xmldom/commit/73df6b8bd… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/xmldom/xmldom/releases/tag/0.9.11 | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-80206 (GCVE-0-2026-80206)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-26 10:28 – Updated: 2026-08-26 12:52
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
NLTK 3.10.2 Regular Expression Denial of Service via tgrep
Summary
NLTK before 3.10.3 contains a regular expression denial of service (ReDoS) vulnerability in the tgrep module. The _tgrep_node_action function compiles user-supplied regular expressions embedded in /regex/ pattern nodes and executes them via re.search against tree node labels without any validation or timeout. An attacker who controls the tgrep pattern (e.g., via tgrep_positions() or tgrep_compile() exposed to external input) can supply a pattern that triggers catastrophic backtracking, causing indefinite CPU saturation that blocks the Python process.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-26 12:52 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/nltk/nltk/security/advisories/… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/nltk-3.10.2-… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-08-12 00:00
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CVE-2026-80205 (GCVE-0-2026-80205)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-26 10:28 – Updated: 2026-08-26 16:09
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
NLTK before 3.10.0 ReDoS via Text.findall() unvalidated regex
Summary
NLTK versions before 3.10.0 contain a regular expression denial of service vulnerability in Text.findall() and TokenSearcher.findall() methods that accept user-supplied regular expressions without validation or timeout. Attackers can supply crafted regex patterns that cause catastrophic backtracking, resulting in indefinite CPU saturation and denial of service to all users of the Python process.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-26 15:58 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/nltk/nltk/security/advisories/… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/nltk-before-… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-08-12 00:00
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CVE-2026-79770 (GCVE-0-2026-79770)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-25 15:16 – Updated: 2026-08-25 16:10
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Nokogiri before 1.19.3 ReDoS via CSS selector tokenizer
Summary
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Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-25 16:10 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/securit… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/nokogiri-bef… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| sparklemotion | nokogiri |
Affected:
0 , < 1.19.3
(semver)
Unaffected: 1.19.3 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:nokogiri:nokogiri:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Date Public
2026-04-27 00:00
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CVE-2026-77082 (GCVE-0-2026-77082)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-20 11:21 – Updated: 2026-08-21 16:42
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
n8n before 1.123.69 ReDoS via Filter and Switch Node
Summary
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Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-21 16:42 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/n8n-before-r… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-08-05 00:00
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CVE-2026-74039 (GCVE-0-2026-74039)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-18 17:26 – Updated: 2026-08-18 18:45
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Wazuh 4.0.0 < 4.14.7 API DoS via Deeply Nested JSON auth_context
Summary
Wazuh 4.0.0 before 4.14.7 and 5.0.0-beta2 contain a denial of service vulnerability that allows authenticated attackers with allow_run_as enabled to exhaust CPU resources by submitting arbitrarily deeply nested JSON structures to the POST /security/user/authenticate/run_as endpoint. Attackers can repeatedly submit malformed auth_context bodies with unlimited nesting depth to cause the API framework to consume excessive CPU, denying service to all other API consumers.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-18 18:45 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/wazuh/wazuh/security/advisorie… | vendor-advisory |
| https://github.com/wazuh/wazuh/pull/37034 | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/wazuh-api-do… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Wazuh | wazuh-manager |
Affected:
4.0.0 , < 4.14.7
(semver)
Affected: 5.0.0-beta2 (semver) |
Date Public
2026-08-18 00:00
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CVE-2026-73556 (GCVE-0-2026-73556)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-13 14:56 – Updated: 2026-08-14 16:52
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
vLLM: ReDoS via structured_outputs.regex in the lm-format-enforcer backend (no compile timeout) — missed sibling of CVE-2026-55574
Summary
vLLM is an inference and serving engine for large language models. Prior to 0.26.0, the structured_outputs.regex parameter in vllm/v1/structured_output/backend_lm_format_enforcer.py is passed to lmformatenforcer.RegexParser without compile_regex_with_timeout or validation in validate_structured_output_request_lm_format_enforcer, allowing an unauthenticated /v1/completions request against the lm-format-enforcer backend to consume a CPU core and stall the structured-output engine path with a catastrophic regular expression. This issue is fixed in version 0.26.0.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-14 16:52 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/security/adv… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/pull/47595 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/commit/c9a78… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/releases/tag… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| vllm-project | vllm |
Affected:
< 0.26.0
|
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CVE-2026-72912 (GCVE-0-2026-72912)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-10 21:02 – Updated: 2026-08-12 22:14
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
CyberChef’s pretty-recipe parser vulnerable to client-side ReDoS / CPU exhaustion when parsing a malformed #recipe= URL
Summary
CyberChef is a web app for encryption, encoding, compression, and data analysis. Prior to 11.3.0, CyberChef's pretty-recipe parser in src/core/Utils.mjs can exhaust client-side CPU when a malformed #recipe= URL fragment containing a large number of unmatched quote characters reaches Utils.parseRecipeConfig(). The function synchronously applies a complex global regular expression that may perform heavy backtracking before rejecting the input, causing the victim's browser tab to freeze during startup for seconds or longer. No code execution, data exfiltration, or privilege escalation occurs. This issue is fixed in version 11.3.0.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-12 22:08 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/gchq/CyberChef/security/adviso… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/gchq/CyberChef/pull/2687 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/gchq/CyberChef/commit/f77ddf48… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/gchq/CyberChef/releases/tag/v11.3.0 | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-72818 (GCVE-0-2026-72818)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-20 21:57 – Updated: 2026-08-21 11:20
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
NLTK TweetTokenizer URL Pattern Backtracks Catastrophically on Naked-Domain-Like Input
Summary
The URLS regular expression in nltk/tokenize/casual.py, compiled into TweetTokenizer.WORD_RE and applied by TweetTokenizer.tokenize, contains a naked-domain branch whose domain-label prefix [a-z0-9]+(?:[.\-][a-z0-9]+)* is unbounded. Input consisting of many alternating label separators can be partitioned in exponentially many ways, and because the branch also requires a trailing top-level domain that such input never supplies, the engine explores those partitions before failing at each offset. A few kilobytes of input therefore consumes seconds to minutes of single-threaded CPU, and the HANG_RE substitution performed before matching does not collapse the pattern. TweetTokenizer is intended for tokenizing untrusted social-media text, so any service that applies it, or the module-level casual_tokenize, to submitted text can be stalled per request without authentication. Version 3.10.1 bounds the label repetition.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-21 11:05 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/nltk/nltk/issues/3704 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/nltk/nltk/blob/3.9.4/nltk/toke… | technical-description |
| https://github.com/nltk/nltk/releases/tag/v3.10.1 | release-notes |
| https://github.com/nltk/nltk | product |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/nltk-tweetto… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nltk | nltk |
Affected:
0 , < 3.10.1
(semver)
Unaffected: 3.10.1 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:nltk:nltk:3.9.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:nltk:nltk:3.9.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:nltk:nltk:3.9.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:nltk:nltk:3.9:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:nltk:nltk:3.9:beta1:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:nltk:nltk:3.8.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:nltk:nltk:3.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:nltk:nltk:3.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:nltk:nltk:3.6.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:nltk:nltk:3.6.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:nltk:nltk:3.6.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Date Public
2026-07-12 00:00
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"assignerShortName": "VulnCheck",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-72818",
"datePublished": "2026-08-20T21:57:34.230Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-08-10T15:12:16.754Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-21T11:20:57.674Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Use regular expressions that do not support backtracking, e.g. by removing nested quantifiers.
Mitigation
System Configuration
Set backtracking limits in the configuration of the regular expression implementation, such as PHP's pcre.backtrack_limit. Also consider limits on execution time for the process.
Mitigation
Implementation
Do not use regular expressions with untrusted input. If regular expressions must be used, avoid using backtracking in the expression.
Mitigation
Implementation
Limit the length of the input that the regular expression will process.
CAPEC-492: Regular Expression Exponential Blowup
An adversary may execute an attack on a program that uses a poor Regular Expression(Regex) implementation by choosing input that results in an extreme situation for the Regex. A typical extreme situation operates at exponential time compared to the input size. This is due to most implementations using a Nondeterministic Finite Automaton(NFA) state machine to be built by the Regex algorithm since NFA allows backtracking and thus more complex regular expressions.