Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-1333

Allowed

Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product uses a regular expression with a worst-case computational complexity that is inefficient and possibly exponential.

791 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-57584 (GCVE-0-2026-57584)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-10 21:04 – Updated: 2026-07-13 18:04
VLAI
Title
Phalcon: Catastrophic backtracking (ReDoS) in the default Phalcon Router route lead to remote unauthenticated DoS
Summary
Phalcon is a high-performance, full-stack PHP framework. Prior to 5.15.0, every Phalcon MVC application built with a default router registers a built-in route whose compiled PCRE pattern contains the nested quantifier (/.), and the same construct is produced by the /:params placeholder and the CLI router. Phalcon\Mvc\Router::handle() matches this pattern against the attacker-controlled request URI on every request, so a crafted path such as one containing repeated slashes followed by decoded newlines can trigger catastrophic backtracking and cause CPU exhaustion or route-matching failure. This issue is fixed in version 5.15.0.
Severity
8.7 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-13 18:04 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
phalcon cphalcon Affected: < 5.15.0
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CVE-2026-55574 (GCVE-0-2026-55574)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-06 20:05 – Updated: 2026-07-06 20:52
VLAI
Title
vLLM: ReDoS via structured_outputs.regex compiled without timeout in xgrammar and outlines backends
Summary
vLLM is a high-throughput and memory-efficient inference and serving engine for LLMs. Prior to 0.24.0, the structured_outputs.regex API parameter passes a user-supplied regular expression string directly to the grammar compiler backends with no compilation timeout; in the xgrammar backend the string reaches the regex compiler with no guard, and in the outlines backend the validation step blocks structural issues such as lookarounds and backreferences but performs no complexity analysis, so a pattern with nested quantifiers passes all checks and causes exponential state-space expansion, allowing a single request containing an adversarial regex to hang an inference worker indefinitely and deny service. This issue is fixed in version 0.24.0.
Severity
8.7 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-06 20:52 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
vllm-project vllm Affected: < 0.24.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
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CVE-2026-55520 (GCVE-0-2026-55520)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-28 18:42 – Updated: 2026-08-31 18:54
VLAI
Title
Protego: Exponential backtracking ReDoS in robots.txt URL wildcard matching
Summary
Protego is a pure-Python robots.txt parser with support for modern conventions. Prior to 0.6.2, protego._urlpattern._URLPattern._prepare_pattern_for_regex translates every asterisk in an Allow or Disallow directive into a lazy regular-expression wildcard, so a directive containing many asterisks creates exponential backtracking. After protego.Protego.parse processes a crafted robots.txt file, protego.Protego.can_fetch can spend an attacker-controlled period matching a near-miss URL and deny service to the crawler. The vulnerable path is src/protego/_urlpattern.py in the _URLPattern match logic. This issue is fixed in version 0.6.2.
Severity
7.1 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-31 15:42 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-400 - Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
  • CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
scrapy protego Affected: < 0.6.2
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-55470 (GCVE-0-2026-55470)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-08 21:27 – Updated: 2026-07-09 12:59
VLAI
Title
HAPI FHIR: DSTU2 FHIRPathEngine.matches() missing RegexTimeout protection allows ReDoS
Summary
HAPI FHIR is a complete implementation of the HL7 FHIR standard for healthcare interoperability in Java. Prior to 6.9.10, the fix for CVE-2026-45367 incompletely patched the DSTU2 module, leaving FHIRPathEngine.matches() in org.hl7.fhir.dstu2/utils/FHIRPathEngine.java to call raw String.matches(sw) without RegexTimeout protection while replaceMatches() was updated, allowing an unauthenticated attacker to trigger catastrophic regex backtracking and exhaust server CPU. This issue is fixed in version 6.9.10.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-09 12:58 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
hapifhir org.hl7.fhir.core Affected: < 6.9.10
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-54284 (GCVE-0-2026-54284)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-17 17:43 – Updated: 2026-08-17 19:32
VLAI
Title
sqlparse: TokenList.__init__ materializes O(subtree) value per group, causing CPU DoS before depth/token caps trigger
Summary
sqlparse is a non-validating SQL parser module for Python. Prior to 0.6.0, TokenList construction and string conversion in sqlparse/sql.py repeatedly flatten nested token subtrees constructed by group_parenthesis and group_case, causing quadratic CPU consumption through sqlparse.parse(), sqlparse.format(), and sqlparse.split() before depth and token limits terminate processing. This issue is fixed in version 0.6.0.
Severity
8.7 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-17 19:31 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
  • CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
andialbrecht sqlparse Affected: < 0.6.0
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CVE-2026-54268 (GCVE-0-2026-54268)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-22 15:31 – Updated: 2026-06-23 16:09
VLAI
Title
Angular: Denial of Service (DoS) via OOM in Date Formatting (formatDate)
Summary
Angular is a development platform for building mobile and desktop web applications using TypeScript/JavaScript and other languages. Prior to 22.0.1, 21.2.17, and 20.3.25, a Denial of Service (DoS) vulnerability exists in the @angular/common package of the Angular framework. The formatDate function, which is also utilized by the standard Angular DatePipe, does not properly limit or validate the length of the format parameter. When parsing a maliciously crafted, excessively long date format string (e.g., a repeating pattern or very large string), the internal parser splits the string iteratively using a regular expression loop. This results in uncontrolled resource consumption (high CPU utilization and excessive memory allocations), leading to a Denial of Service (DoS). This vulnerability is fixed in 22.0.1, 21.2.17, and 20.3.25.
Severity
8.2 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-23 16:07 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-400 - Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
  • CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
angular angular Affected: >= 22.0.0-next.0 < 22.0.1
Affected: >= 21.0.0-next.0 < 21.2.17
Affected: >= 20.0.0-next.0 < 20.3.25
Affected: <= 19.2.25
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Show details on NVD website
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CVE-2026-52794 (GCVE-0-2026-52794)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-24 21:26 – Updated: 2026-06-25 13:52
VLAI
Title
Sentry: Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity in sentry
Summary
Sentry is an error tracking and performance monitoring tool. From 24.4.0 until 26.5.2, a Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS) vulnerability exists in Sentry's event ingestion pipeline, where a regex applied to attacker-controlled fields on incoming events can be made to consume disproportionate CPU time. This vulnerability is fixed in 26.5.2.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-25 13:52 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
getsentry sentry Affected: >= 24.4.0, < 26.5.2
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CVE-2026-52778 (GCVE-0-2026-52778)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-08 18:24 – Updated: 2026-06-09 15:56
VLAI
Title
YesWiki has Unsafe eval() in Formula Calculator - Remote Code Execution (RCE) & Denial of Service (DoS)
Summary
YesWiki is a wiki system written in PHP. Prior to version 4.6.6, an unsafe execution vulnerability exists in the Bazar form field calculator (CalcField.php) of YesWiki. The application attempts to sanitize user-defined mathematical formulas using a complex recursive regular expression before passing them to the PHP eval() function. This implementation is inherently flawed: it is vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS / Stack Overflow) which can crash the server, and it creates a high-risk architecture where any logic bypass directly results in arbitrary PHP code execution. Version 4.6.6 patches the issue.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-09 15:54 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  • CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
YesWiki yeswiki Affected: < 4.6.6
Create a notification for this product.
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CVE-2026-52746 (GCVE-0-2026-52746)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-17 18:32 – Updated: 2026-08-03 20:50
VLAI
Title
JSONata: Malicious inputs to "$toMillis" function can cause resource exhaustion
Summary
JSONata is a JSON query and transformation language. Prior to 2.2.0 and 1.8.9, malicious non-matching inputs to the $toMillis function can cause superlinear backtracking in the ISO-8601 validation regex, leading to denial of service in applications that evaluate user-provided JSONata expressions. This issue is fixed in version 2.2.0 and 1.8.9.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-17 19:44 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
jsonata-js jsonata Affected: >= 2.0.0, < 2.2.0
Affected: < 1.8.9
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-49485 (GCVE-0-2026-49485)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-17 20:59 – Updated: 2026-07-20 13:45
VLAI
Title
HAPI FHIR: ReDoS via FHIRPath matches()/replaceMatches() in FHIR Validator HTTP Endpoint
Summary
HAPI FHIR is a complete implementation of the HL7 FHIR standard for healthcare interoperability in Java. Prior to 6.9.9 and 6.9.4.2, all implementations of FHIRPathEngine accept arbitrary FHIRPath expressions and evaluate them without input validation, and the FHIRPath functions matches(), matchesFull(), and replaceMatches() pass user-controlled regular expressions to Java's Pattern.compile() and String.replaceAll() through an incomplete timeout utility. An attacker can send a resource containing an evil regex pattern that causes catastrophic backtracking, exhausting CPU resources and causing denial of service in the FHIR Validator HTTP endpoint and affected org.hl7.fhir.* modules. This issue is fixed in versions 6.9.9 and 6.9.4.2.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-20 13:45 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
  • CWE-400 - Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
hapifhir org.hl7.fhir.core Affected: < 6.9.4.2
Affected: >= 6.9.5, < 6.9.9
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use regular expressions that do not support backtracking, e.g. by removing nested quantifiers.

Mitigation
System Configuration

Set backtracking limits in the configuration of the regular expression implementation, such as PHP's pcre.backtrack_limit. Also consider limits on execution time for the process.

Mitigation
Implementation

Do not use regular expressions with untrusted input. If regular expressions must be used, avoid using backtracking in the expression.

Mitigation
Implementation

Limit the length of the input that the regular expression will process.

CAPEC-492: Regular Expression Exponential Blowup

An adversary may execute an attack on a program that uses a poor Regular Expression(Regex) implementation by choosing input that results in an extreme situation for the Regex. A typical extreme situation operates at exponential time compared to the input size. This is due to most implementations using a Nondeterministic Finite Automaton(NFA) state machine to be built by the Regex algorithm since NFA allows backtracking and thus more complex regular expressions.

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