CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
11340 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-VQ9H-W3R5-W484
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:11 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:11The pm_mallocarray2 function in lib/util/mallocvar.c in Netpbm through 10.81.03 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read) via a crafted image file, as demonstrated by pbmmask.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-8975"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-03-25T03:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The pm_mallocarray2 function in lib/util/mallocvar.c in Netpbm through 10.81.03 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read) via a crafted image file, as demonstrated by pbmmask.",
"id": "GHSA-vq9h-w3r5-w484",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:11:47Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:11:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-8975"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/xiaoqx/pocs/blob/master/netpbm"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/LVMWVVFEADMA7XIPXFHGSBRYKEGGDFGE"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/VEZRUJ5LNGULJL7QUAHPV5LBOKIJYP5I"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-04/msg00056.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VQF4-7M7X-WGFC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-28 18:30 – Updated: 2025-12-31 22:00Out-of-bounds memory operations in org.lz4:lz4-java 1.8.0 and earlier allow remote attackers to cause denial of service and read adjacent memory via untrusted compressed input.
This is fixed in a forked release: at.yawk.lz4:lz4-java version 1.8.1. The original project has been archived: https://github.com/lz4/lz4-java, and Sonatype has added a redirect from org.lz4:lz4-java:1.8.1 to the new group ID.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "at.yawk.lz4:lz4-java"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.8.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.lz4:lz4-java"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.8.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.lz4:lz4-pure-java"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "1.8.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "net.jpountz.lz4:lz4"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "1.3.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-12183"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-12-03T14:00:28Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2025-11-28T16:15:51Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Out-of-bounds memory operations in org.lz4:lz4-java 1.8.0 and earlier allow remote attackers to cause denial of service and read adjacent memory via untrusted compressed input.\n\nThis is fixed in a forked release: at.yawk.lz4:lz4-java version 1.8.1. The original project has been archived: https://github.com/lz4/lz4-java, and Sonatype has added a redirect from org.lz4:lz4-java:1.8.1 to the new group ID.",
"id": "GHSA-vqf4-7m7x-wgfc",
"modified": "2025-12-31T22:00:12Z",
"published": "2025-11-28T18:30:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-12183"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/yawkat/lz4-java"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/yawkat/lz4-java/releases/tag/v1.8.1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sites.google.com/sonatype.com/vulnerabilities/cve-2025-12183"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.sonatype.com/security-advisories/cve-2025-12183"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/12/01/5"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "LZ4 Java Compression has Out-of-bounds memory operations which can cause DoS"
}
GHSA-VQFM-8V92-X8J8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-02-14 12:30 – Updated: 2023-02-22 18:30A vulnerability has been identified in Solid Edge SE2022 (All versions < V2210Update12), Solid Edge SE2023 (All versions < V2023Update2). The affected applications contain an out of bounds read past the end of an allocated structure while parsing specially crafted PAR files. This could allow an attacker to execute code in the context of the current process.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-24554"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-02-14T11:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been identified in Solid Edge SE2022 (All versions \u003c V2210Update12), Solid Edge SE2023 (All versions \u003c V2023Update2). The affected applications contain an out of bounds read past the end of an allocated structure while parsing specially crafted PAR files. This could allow an attacker to execute code in the context of the current process.",
"id": "GHSA-vqfm-8v92-x8j8",
"modified": "2023-02-22T18:30:34Z",
"published": "2023-02-14T12:30:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-24554"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-491245.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VQG7-J8RG-9MW8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-11 18:35 – Updated: 2025-11-25 21:32In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
rcu: Fix rcu_read_unlock() deadloop due to IRQ work
During rcu_read_unlock_special(), if this happens during irq_exit(), we can lockup if an IPI is issued. This is because the IPI itself triggers the irq_exit() path causing a recursive lock up.
This is precisely what Xiongfeng found when invoking a BPF program on the trace_tick_stop() tracepoint As shown in the trace below. Fix by managing the irq_work state correctly.
irq_exit() __irq_exit_rcu() / in_hardirq() returns false after this / preempt_count_sub(HARDIRQ_OFFSET) tick_irq_exit() tick_nohz_irq_exit() tick_nohz_stop_sched_tick() trace_tick_stop() / a bpf prog is hooked on this trace point / __bpf_trace_tick_stop() bpf_trace_run2() rcu_read_unlock_special() / will send a IPI to itself / irq_work_queue_on(&rdp->defer_qs_iw, rdp->cpu);
A simple reproducer can also be obtained by doing the following in tick_irq_exit(). It will hang on boot without the patch:
static inline void tick_irq_exit(void) { + rcu_read_lock(); + WRITE_ONCE(current->rcu_read_unlock_special.b.need_qs, true); + rcu_read_unlock(); +
[neeraj: Apply Frederic's suggested fix for PREEMPT_RT]
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-39744"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-09-11T17:15:37Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nrcu: Fix rcu_read_unlock() deadloop due to IRQ work\n\nDuring rcu_read_unlock_special(), if this happens during irq_exit(), we\ncan lockup if an IPI is issued. This is because the IPI itself triggers\nthe irq_exit() path causing a recursive lock up.\n\nThis is precisely what Xiongfeng found when invoking a BPF program on\nthe trace_tick_stop() tracepoint As shown in the trace below. Fix by\nmanaging the irq_work state correctly.\n\nirq_exit()\n __irq_exit_rcu()\n /* in_hardirq() returns false after this */\n preempt_count_sub(HARDIRQ_OFFSET)\n tick_irq_exit()\n tick_nohz_irq_exit()\n\t tick_nohz_stop_sched_tick()\n\t trace_tick_stop() /* a bpf prog is hooked on this trace point */\n\t\t __bpf_trace_tick_stop()\n\t\t bpf_trace_run2()\n\t\t\t rcu_read_unlock_special()\n /* will send a IPI to itself */\n\t\t\t irq_work_queue_on(\u0026rdp-\u003edefer_qs_iw, rdp-\u003ecpu);\n\nA simple reproducer can also be obtained by doing the following in\ntick_irq_exit(). It will hang on boot without the patch:\n\n static inline void tick_irq_exit(void)\n {\n +\trcu_read_lock();\n +\tWRITE_ONCE(current-\u003ercu_read_unlock_special.b.need_qs, true);\n +\trcu_read_unlock();\n +\n\n[neeraj: Apply Frederic\u0027s suggested fix for PREEMPT_RT]",
"id": "GHSA-vqg7-j8rg-9mw8",
"modified": "2025-11-25T21:32:04Z",
"published": "2025-09-11T18:35:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-39744"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1cfa244f7198d325594e627574930b7b91df5bfe"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/56c5ef194f4509df63fc0f7a91ea5973ce479b1e"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b41642c87716bbd09797b1e4ea7d904f06c39b7b"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ddebb2a7677673cf4438a04e1a48b8ed6b0c8e9a"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e7a375453cca2b8a0d2fa1b82b913f3fed7c0507"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VQGG-CH69-X69V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:34 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:34A slab-out-of-bounds read in fbcon in the Linux kernel before 5.9.7 could be used by local attackers to read privileged information or potentially crash the kernel, aka CID-3c4e0dff2095. This occurs because KD_FONT_OP_COPY in drivers/tty/vt/vt.c can be used for manipulations such as font height.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-28974"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-11-20T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A slab-out-of-bounds read in fbcon in the Linux kernel before 5.9.7 could be used by local attackers to read privileged information or potentially crash the kernel, aka CID-3c4e0dff2095. This occurs because KD_FONT_OP_COPY in drivers/tty/vt/vt.c can be used for manipulations such as font height.",
"id": "GHSA-vqgg-ch69-x69v",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:34:40Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:34:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-28974"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cdn.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v5.x/ChangeLog-5.9.7"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=3c4e0dff2095c579b142d5a0693257f1c58b4804"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/12/msg00015.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/12/msg00027.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://seclists.org/oss-sec/2020/q4/104"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20210108-0003"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2020/11/25/1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-VQHG-CF38-RR8M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-06 18:30 – Updated: 2024-06-06 18:30Sonos Era 100 SMB2 Message Handling Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of Sonos Era 100 smart speakers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.
The specific flaw exists within the handling of SMB2 messages. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-22428.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-5268"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-06-06T18:15:19Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Sonos Era 100 SMB2 Message Handling Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of Sonos Era 100 smart speakers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the handling of SMB2 messages. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-22428.",
"id": "GHSA-vqhg-cf38-rr8m",
"modified": "2024-06-06T18:30:58Z",
"published": "2024-06-06T18:30:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-5268"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-24-544"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VQHJ-FQ88-RFMV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:06 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:06Adobe Animate version 21.0.5 (and earlier) is affected by an Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability when parsing a specially crafted file. An unauthenticated attacker could leverage this vulnerability to disclose sensitive information in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-28576"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-06-28T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Adobe Animate version 21.0.5 (and earlier) is affected by an Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability when parsing a specially crafted file. An unauthenticated attacker could leverage this vulnerability to disclose sensitive information in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-vqhj-fq88-rfmv",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:06:25Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:06:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-28576"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/animate/apsb21-35.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-VQMP-PG8R-55HJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-11 21:31 – Updated: 2024-08-28 00:32In tbd of tbd, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to remote information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-27206"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-11T19:15:48Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In tbd of tbd, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to remote information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.",
"id": "GHSA-vqmp-pg8r-55hj",
"modified": "2024-08-28T00:32:15Z",
"published": "2024-03-11T21:31:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-27206"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/pixel/2024-03-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VQP5-M22R-C4F2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:16 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:16Adobe InDesign versions 16.3 (and earlier), and 16.3.1 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious TIF file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-39821"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-09-29T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Adobe InDesign versions 16.3 (and earlier), and 16.3.1 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious TIF file.",
"id": "GHSA-vqp5-m22r-c4f2",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:16:07Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:16:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-39821"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/indesign/apsb21-73.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-VQRV-F82H-5296
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-14 18:32 – Updated: 2026-07-14 18:32Out-of-bounds read in Microsoft Office Excel allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information locally.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-55898"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-14T18:18:21Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Out-of-bounds read in Microsoft Office Excel allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information locally.",
"id": "GHSA-vqrv-f82h-5296",
"modified": "2026-07-14T18:32:36Z",
"published": "2026-07-14T18:32:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-55898"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-55898"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.