CWE-121
AllowedStack-based Buffer Overflow
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).
5215 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-FPMX-6RCQ-VH9P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-25 15:32 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:34A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.0 and Master Branch (35a819fa). A specially crafted MFER file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.This vulnerability manifests on line 9184 of biosig.c on the current master branch (35a819fa), when the Tag is 131:
else if (tag==131) //0x83
{
// Patient Age
if (len!=7) fprintf(stderr,"Warning MFER tag131 incorrect length %i!=7\n",len);
curPos += ifread(buf,1,len,hdr);
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-54493"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-25T14:15:36Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.0 and Master Branch (35a819fa). A specially crafted MFER file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.This vulnerability manifests on line 9184 of biosig.c on the current master branch (35a819fa), when the Tag is 131:\n\n else if (tag==131) //0x83\n {\n // Patient Age\n if (len!=7) fprintf(stderr,\"Warning MFER tag131 incorrect length %i!=7\\n\",len);\n curPos += ifread(buf,1,len,hdr);",
"id": "GHSA-fpmx-6rcq-vh9p",
"modified": "2025-11-03T21:34:23Z",
"published": "2025-08-25T15:32:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54493"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2025-2234"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2025-2234"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FPQG-P42R-7537
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-03 03:31 – Updated: 2024-05-03 03:31D-Link DAP-1325 SetTriggerAPValidate Key Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DAP-1325 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.
The specific flaw exists within the handling of XML data provided to the HNAP1 SOAP endpoint. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-18839.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-41212"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-03T03:15:32Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "D-Link DAP-1325 SetTriggerAPValidate Key Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DAP-1325 routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the handling of XML data provided to the HNAP1 SOAP endpoint. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-18839.",
"id": "GHSA-fpqg-p42r-7537",
"modified": "2024-05-03T03:31:00Z",
"published": "2024-05-03T03:31:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-41212"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://supportannouncement.us.dlink.com/announcement/publication.aspx?name=SAP10351"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-1320"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FQ2C-R4MR-WFRW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-09 21:32 – Updated: 2026-06-10 18:31Shenzhen Tenda Technology Co., Ltd Tenda O3 Wireless Router v1.0.0.5(4180) was discovered to contain a stack overflow in the username parameter of the R7WebsSecurityHandler function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted HTTP request.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-36778"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-09T19:17:44Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Shenzhen Tenda Technology Co., Ltd Tenda O3 Wireless Router v1.0.0.5(4180) was discovered to contain a stack overflow in the username parameter of the R7WebsSecurityHandler function. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted HTTP request.",
"id": "GHSA-fq2c-r4mr-wfrw",
"modified": "2026-06-10T18:31:45Z",
"published": "2026-06-09T21:32:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-36778"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/xhh0124/SemVulLLM/tree/main/O3/R7WebsSecurityHandler"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FQ33-769W-5P63
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-25 15:32 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:34A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.0 and Master Branch (35a819fa). A specially crafted MFER file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.This vulnerability manifests on line 9090 of biosig.c on the current master branch (35a819fa), when the Tag is 64:
else if (tag==64) //0x40
{
// preamble
char tmp[256]; // [1]
curPos += ifread(tmp,1,len,hdr);
In this case, the overflowed buffer is the newly-declared tmp [1] instead of buf. While tmp is larger than buf, having a size of 256 bytes, a stack overflow can still occur in cases where len is encoded using multiple octets and is greater than 256.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-54490"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-25T14:15:35Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.0 and Master Branch (35a819fa). A specially crafted MFER file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.This vulnerability manifests on line 9090 of biosig.c on the current master branch (35a819fa), when the Tag is 64:\n\n else if (tag==64) //0x40\n {\n // preamble\n char tmp[256]; // [1]\n curPos += ifread(tmp,1,len,hdr);\n\nIn this case, the overflowed buffer is the newly-declared `tmp` \\[1\\] instead of `buf`. While `tmp` is larger than `buf`, having a size of 256 bytes, a stack overflow can still occur in cases where `len` is encoded using multiple octets and is greater than 256.",
"id": "GHSA-fq33-769w-5p63",
"modified": "2025-11-03T21:34:23Z",
"published": "2025-08-25T15:32:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54490"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2025-2234"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2025-2234"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FQ5J-FR24-X4P4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-25 15:32 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:34A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.0 and Master Branch (35a819fa). A specially crafted MFER file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-46411"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-25T14:15:31Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the MFER parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.0 and Master Branch (35a819fa). A specially crafted MFER file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-fq5j-fr24-x4p4",
"modified": "2025-11-03T21:34:23Z",
"published": "2025-08-25T15:32:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-46411"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2025-2236"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2025-2236"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FQ97-4FF2-MRGG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:08 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:08This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DAP-1330 1.13B01 BETA routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the handling of the Cookie HTTP header. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the device. Was ZDI-CAN-12028.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-34830"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-07-15T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of D-Link DAP-1330 1.13B01 BETA routers. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the handling of the Cookie HTTP header. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the device. Was ZDI-CAN-12028.",
"id": "GHSA-fq97-4ff2-mrgg",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:08:08Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:08:08Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-34830"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-21-682"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-FQHM-H86X-QRV9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-10 12:32 – Updated: 2024-04-04 08:27A vulnerability has been identified in Xpedition Layout Browser (All versions < VX.2.14). Affected application contains a stack overflow vulnerability when parsing a PCB file. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-30900"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-10-10T11:15:11Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been identified in Xpedition Layout Browser (All versions \u003c VX.2.14). Affected application contains a stack overflow vulnerability when parsing a PCB file. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process.",
"id": "GHSA-fqhm-h86x-qrv9",
"modified": "2024-04-04T08:27:45Z",
"published": "2023-10-10T12:32:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-30900"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-829656.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FQM9-QQWF-GQ9R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-23 21:30 – Updated: 2026-01-19 06:30Stack-overflow in fig2dev in version 3.2.9a allows an attacker possible code execution via local input manipulation via bezier_spline function.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-46397"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-120",
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-04-23T21:15:16Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Stack-overflow\u00a0in fig2dev in version 3.2.9a allows an attacker possible code execution via local input manipulation via bezier_spline function.",
"id": "GHSA-fqm9-qqwf-gq9r",
"modified": "2026-01-19T06:30:27Z",
"published": "2025-04-23T21:30:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-46397"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:0700"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:0704"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:0705"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:0756"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-46397"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2362058"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/04/msg00043.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sourceforge.net/p/mcj/tickets/192"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FQR4-2VMH-PHGQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-07 21:31 – Updated: 2025-05-12 21:31Tenda FH451 V1.0.0.9 has a stack overflow vulnerability in the function.frmL7ImForm.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-45514"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-07T19:16:08Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Tenda FH451 V1.0.0.9 has a stack overflow vulnerability in the function.frmL7ImForm.",
"id": "GHSA-fqr4-2vmh-phgq",
"modified": "2025-05-12T21:31:07Z",
"published": "2025-05-07T21:31:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-45514"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Eu21ka/cve_report/blob/master/The_router_Tenda_FH451_V1.0.0.9_of_Shenzhen_Jixiang_Tenda_Technology_Co.%2C_Ltd._has_a_stack_overflow_vulnerability_2.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FR2Q-H4VV-R9CC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-28 21:30 – Updated: 2025-11-04 21:30This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Netatalk. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the setfilparams function. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-15837.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-23122"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-03-28T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Netatalk. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the setfilparams function. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of root. Was ZDI-CAN-15837.",
"id": "GHSA-fr2q-h4vv-r9cc",
"modified": "2025-11-04T21:30:33Z",
"published": "2023-03-28T21:30:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-23122"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/05/msg00018.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://netatalk.sourceforge.io/3.1/ReleaseNotes3.1.13.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202311-02"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5503"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/709991"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-22-529"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-10
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation
Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
Mitigation
Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
Mitigation
Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.
Mitigation MIT-11
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.