Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-121

Allowed

Stack-based Buffer Overflow

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft

A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).

5215 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-FJMQ-V4XV-QHX9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-09-07 18:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 07:33
VLAI
Details

Delta Electronics' CNCSoft-B version 1.0.0.4 and DOPSoft versions 4.0.0.82 and prior are vulnerable to stack-based buffer overflow, which could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-4685"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-09-07T18:15:07Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Delta Electronics\u0027 CNCSoft-B version 1.0.0.4 and DOPSoft versions 4.0.0.82 and prior are vulnerable to stack-based buffer overflow, which could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code.",
  "id": "GHSA-fjmq-v4xv-qhx9",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T07:33:33Z",
  "published": "2023-09-07T18:30:14Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-4685"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-23-157-01"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-FJV6-XRFM-748R

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-14 12:30 – Updated: 2023-03-14 12:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability has been identified in Tecnomatix Plant Simulation (All versions < V2201.0006). The affected application is vulnerable to stack-based buffer while parsing specially crafted SPP files. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. (ZDI-CAN-20433)

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-27404"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-03-14T10:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability has been identified in Tecnomatix Plant Simulation (All versions \u003c V2201.0006). The affected application is vulnerable to stack-based buffer while parsing specially crafted SPP files. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. (ZDI-CAN-20433)",
  "id": "GHSA-fjv6-xrfm-748r",
  "modified": "2023-03-14T12:30:45Z",
  "published": "2023-03-14T12:30:45Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-27404"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-847261.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-FM24-99VC-2VFH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-17 18:31 – Updated: 2024-08-16 18:30
VLAI
Details

Tenda AC500 V2.0.1.9(1307) firmware has a stack overflow vulnerability in the fromDhcpListClient function.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-32316"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-04-17T16:15:09Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Tenda AC500 V2.0.1.9(1307) firmware has a stack overflow vulnerability in the fromDhcpListClient function.",
  "id": "GHSA-fm24-99vc-2vfh",
  "modified": "2024-08-16T18:30:56Z",
  "published": "2024-04-17T18:31:33Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-32316"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/abcdefg-png/IoT-vulnerable/blob/main/Tenda/AC500/fromDhcpListClient_list1.md"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-FM2J-RV8C-3XV3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-21 21:32 – Updated: 2025-08-21 21:32
VLAI
Details

VariCAD EN up to and including version 2010-2.05 is vulnerable to a stack-based buffer overflow when parsing .dwb drawing files. The application fails to properly validate the length of input data embedded in the file, allowing a crafted .dwb file to overwrite critical memory structures. This flaw can be exploited locally by convincing a user to open a malicious file, resulting in arbitrary code execution.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2010-20114"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-08-21T21:15:34Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "VariCAD EN up to and including version 2010-2.05 is vulnerable to a stack-based buffer overflow when parsing .dwb drawing files. The application fails to properly validate the length of input data embedded in the file, allowing a crafted .dwb file to overwrite critical memory structures. This flaw can be exploited locally by convincing a user to open a malicious file, resulting in arbitrary code execution.",
  "id": "GHSA-fm2j-rv8c-3xv3",
  "modified": "2025-08-21T21:32:08Z",
  "published": "2025-08-21T21:32:08Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2010-20114"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/master/modules/exploits/windows/fileformat/varicad_dwb.rb"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.broadcom.com/support/security-center/attacksignatures/detail?asid=26522"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/11789"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.fortiguard.com/encyclopedia/ips/18735"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.seebug.org/vuldb/ssvid-71154"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.varicad.com/en/home"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/varicad-en-dwb-file-stack-buffer-overflow"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-FM3M-9484-8H7W

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-14 21:31 – Updated: 2025-01-14 21:31
VLAI
Details

Substance3D - Stager versions 3.0.4 and earlier are affected by a Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-21128"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-01-14T19:15:33Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Substance3D - Stager versions 3.0.4 and earlier are affected by a Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
  "id": "GHSA-fm3m-9484-8h7w",
  "modified": "2025-01-14T21:31:47Z",
  "published": "2025-01-14T21:31:47Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-21128"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/substance3d_stager/apsb25-03.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-FMFV-RR8C-W6C3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-16 12:30 – Updated: 2024-05-16 12:30
VLAI
Details

Adobe Framemaker versions 2020.5, 2022.3 and earlier are affected by a Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-30289"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-05-16T12:15:10Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Adobe Framemaker versions 2020.5, 2022.3 and earlier are affected by a Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
  "id": "GHSA-fmfv-rr8c-w6c3",
  "modified": "2024-05-16T12:30:23Z",
  "published": "2024-05-16T12:30:23Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-30289"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/framemaker/apsb24-37.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-FMJV-QPC7-997R

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-09-10 06:30 – Updated: 2024-09-10 06:30
VLAI
Details

During internal Axis Security Development Model (ASDM) threat-modelling, a flaw was found in the protection for device tampering (commonly known as Secure Boot) in AXIS OS making it vulnerable to a sophisticated attack to bypass this protection. To Axis' knowledge, there are no known exploits of the vulnerability at this time. Axis has released patched AXIS OS versions for the highlighted flaw. Please refer to the Axis security advisory for more information and solution.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-7784"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-09-10T06:15:02Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "During internal Axis Security Development Model (ASDM) threat-modelling, a flaw was found in the protection for device tampering (commonly known as Secure Boot) in AXIS OS making it vulnerable to a sophisticated attack to bypass this protection. To Axis\u0027 knowledge, there are no known exploits of the vulnerability at this time. Axis has released patched AXIS OS versions for the highlighted flaw. Please refer to the Axis security advisory for more information and solution.",
  "id": "GHSA-fmjv-qpc7-997r",
  "modified": "2024-09-10T06:30:49Z",
  "published": "2024-09-10T06:30:49Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-7784"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.axis.com/dam/public/ba/5f/4e/cve-2024-7784-en-US-448998.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-FMM2-689V-6X4P

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-17 12:32 – Updated: 2024-04-17 12:32
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability was found in Tenda AC500 2.0.1.9(1307). It has been classified as critical. This affects the function R7WebsSecurityHandler of the file /goform/execCommand. The manipulation of the argument password leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-261141 was assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-3905"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-04-17T11:15:11Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability was found in Tenda AC500 2.0.1.9(1307). It has been classified as critical. This affects the function R7WebsSecurityHandler of the file /goform/execCommand. The manipulation of the argument password leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-261141 was assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
  "id": "GHSA-fmm2-689v-6x4p",
  "modified": "2024-04-17T12:32:06Z",
  "published": "2024-04-17T12:32:05Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-3905"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/abcdefg-png/IoT-vulnerable/blob/main/Tenda/AC500/R7WebsSecurityHandler.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.261141"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.261141"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.313790"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-FP82-CCW9-7G5P

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-27 12:30 – Updated: 2024-04-27 12:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability was found in Tenda i21 1.0.0.14(4656). It has been declared as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is the function formwrlSSIDset of the file /goform/wifiSSIDset. The manipulation of the argument ssidIndex leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-262141 was assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-4250"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-04-27T12:15:10Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability was found in Tenda i21 1.0.0.14(4656). It has been declared as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is the function formwrlSSIDset of the file /goform/wifiSSIDset. The manipulation of the argument ssidIndex leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-262141 was assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
  "id": "GHSA-fp82-ccw9-7g5p",
  "modified": "2024-04-27T12:30:30Z",
  "published": "2024-04-27T12:30:29Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-4250"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/abcdefg-png/IoT-vulnerable/blob/main/Tenda/i/i21/formwrlSSIDset.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.262141"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.262141"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.319835"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-FPHW-HP4W-P8M4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-03 03:30 – Updated: 2024-05-03 03:30
VLAI
Details

NETGEAR RAX30 soap_serverd Stack-based Buffer Overflow Authentication Bypass Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of NETGEAR RAX30. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.

The specific flaw exists within the soap_serverd binary. When parsing the request headers, the process does not properly validate the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to bypass authentication on the system. Was ZDI-CAN-19840.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-27369"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-05-03T02:15:15Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "NETGEAR RAX30 soap_serverd  Stack-based Buffer Overflow Authentication Bypass Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of NETGEAR RAX30. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the soap_serverd binary. When parsing the request headers, the process does not properly validate the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to bypass authentication on the system. Was ZDI-CAN-19840.",
  "id": "GHSA-fphw-hp4w-p8m4",
  "modified": "2024-05-03T03:30:49Z",
  "published": "2024-05-03T03:30:49Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-27369"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://kb.netgear.com/000065619/Security-Advisory-for-Multiple-Vulnerabilities-on-the-RAX30-PSV-2022-0348"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-500"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation MIT-10
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
  • D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.

Mitigation
Implementation

Implement and perform bounds checking on input.

Mitigation
Implementation

Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.

Mitigation MIT-11
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
  • Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.